Iyini i-radiator yokushisa okuphezulu yezimoto?
I-radiator eshisa kakhulu (i-High-Temperature Radiator, efushaniswe ngokuthi i-HT Radiator) iyisici esiyinhloko sohlelo lokupholisa oluyinhloko lwenjini, esetshenziswa kakhulu ukudlulisa ukushisa okukhiqizwa yinjini nge-coolant kuya emoyeni wangaphandle, okuvimbela injini ekushiseni ngokweqile. Izingxenye zayo eziyinhloko zifaka phakathi izingxenye ezilandelayo:
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesakhiwo
Ikamelo lokungena kanye negumbi lokukhipha: Zixhunywe ngokulandelana endaweni yokukhipha i-coolant yenjini eshisa kakhulu kanye nepayipi lokubuyisa, okuvumela ukugeleza kwe-coolant ngaphakathi nangaphandle.
I-Radiator core: Indawo eyinhloko yokushintshanisa ukushisa, ngokuvamile equkethe izingxenye ezincane ezilandelayo:
Amapayipi okupholisa: Amapayipi e-aluminium noma ethusi ayindilinga ayisicaba, ane-coolant yokushisa okuphezulu egeleza ngaphakathi.
Ama-heat spreaders/amaphiko okusatshalaliswa kokushisa: Anamathiselwe ngaphandle kwamapayipi okupholisa, asetshenziselwa ukwandisa indawo yokusatshalaliswa kokushisa; isakhiwo sebhendi yeshubhu sinama-cut amise okwe-"louver" okuphazamisa ukuhamba komoya nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokusatshalaliswa kokushisa.
Ibhodi eliyinhloko kanye nepuleti lokusekela: Ukulungisa nokusekela isakhiwo esiyinhloko, ukuqinisekisa ukuvalwa kanye namandla okusebenza.
Isembozo serediyetha: Sifaka ivalvu yomusi kanye nevalvu yomoya, esetshenziselwa ukugcina ingcindezi yesistimu yokupholisa nokuvimbela ukubila noma ukungena komoya.
Uhlaka kanye nezivalo: Nikeza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo futhi uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuxhuma zengxenye ngayinye.
Izinto kanye nohlobo
Izinto eziyinhloko: I-aluminium alloy (engaphezu kuka-80%, enokushisa okungaphezu kuka-230 W/(m·K)), elula futhi emelana nokugqwala; ithusi lisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni zezentengiselwano, elinokushisa okuhle kodwa libiza kakhulu.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngesakhiwo:
Uhlobo lwepuleti: Amashubhu okupholisa kanye nezisabalalisi zokushisa ezivundlile zihlanganisiwe, zinesakhiwo esilula.
Uhlobo lwebhendi yamapayipi: Amashubhu okupholisa ashiselwe ngezisabalalisi zokushisa ezihlanganisiwe, indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa iphakeme cishe ngo-12% kunohlobo lwepuleti.
Ngokuhlukaniswa kwesiqondiso sokugeleza kwe-coolant: Uhlobo lokugeleza kwe-longitudinal (ukuhlelwa phezulu naphansi) kanye nohlobo lokugeleza okuphambene (ukuhlelwa kwesobunxele nakwesokudla).
Izici zokusebenza
I-radiator eshisa kakhulu iphatha isibandisi esishisa kakhulu sokujikeleza okuyinhloko kwenjini (ngokuvamile ngaphezu kuka-90°C), okuthinta ngqo ukuzinza kokushisa kwenjini.
Isebenza ngokubambisana ne-radiator enezinga lokushisa eliphansi (esetshenziselwa ukupholisa umoya ocindezelwe, uwoyela wenjini, njll.) ukuze kufezwe ukuphathwa kokushisa kwenjini ngokubambisana.
Qaphela: Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke, kunconywa ukuhlola uhlelo lokupholisa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 noma amakhilomitha angu-5000, ukugcina indawo yerediyetha ihlanzekile, nokugwema ukungcola okuvimba amaphiko ukuze kuthinte ukusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa.
Izingxenye ze-radiator yezimoto enokushisa okuphezulu ziyingxenye eyinhloko yesistimu yokupholisa injini. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukusabalalisa ukushisa okweqile okukhiqizwa yinjini ngokushintshana kokushisa emoyeni wangaphandle, ukugcina injini isebangeni lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza (ngokuvamile 80°C–105°C), nokuvimbela ukuwohloka kokusebenza noma ukulimala komshini ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yomsebenzi oyinhloko
Ukupholisa ukushintshana kokushisa: I-coolant eshisa kakhulu iphuma enjinini, idlule enkabeni ye-radiator (eyakhiwe ngamapayipi okupholisa ayisicaba kanye namafin ahlanganisiwe), bese ipholisa ngokushintshana kokushisa okuguquguqukayo nomoya wangaphandle, bese ibuyela enjinini ukuze yakhe iluphu evaliwe.
Ukulawulwa kwengcindezi kanye nokuphakama kwephuzu lokubila: Isembozo se-radiator siqukethe i-valve yokucindezela kanye ne-vacuum valve. Emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ikhipha ngokuzenzakalelayo ingcindezi (isusa i-coolant ethile ethangini lamanzi elinwetshiwe), bese igcwalisa i-coolant ngemva kokuba injini icishiwe ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwepayipi noma amabhamuza omoya; ukucindezela kungaphakamisa iphuzu lokubila le-coolant libe ngaphezu kuka-120°C ukuvimbela "ukubila ngaphezulu".
Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa okuhlanganisiwe kwezingxenye eziningi: Kusebenza ngokubambisana nephampu yamanzi, i-thermostat, ifeni kagesi, njll., kulungisa ukuqina kokupholisa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokuya ngomthwalo wenjini kanye nokushisa kwamanzi, kuqinisekisa kokubili ukufudumala okusheshayo kanye nokupholisa okuzinzile.
Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesakhiwo
I-Radiator core: Indawo eyinhloko yokushintshanisa ukushisa, eyakhiwe ngamapayipi e-aluminium ayisicaba kanye nama-fin ahlanganisiwe, ukwandisa indawo yokuxhumana nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushabalalisa ukushisa.
Igumbi lokungena kanye negumbi lokukhipha: Ngokulandelana bathola isibandisi sokushisa okuphezulu futhi bakhiphe uketshezi olupholile, okuqinisekisa ukugeleza komoya okuya ngakwesokudla.
Izingxenye ezisizayo:
Ifeni yokupholisa: Iphoqa umoya ukuthi ugeleze ngesivinini esiphansi noma ungenzi lutho, okuthuthukisa ukushabalaliswa kokushisa; Ama-damper (kwamanye amamodeli aphezulu): Lungiselela ukusatshalaliswa kokugeleza kwe-coolant ngaphakathi kwenhliziyo ukuze ugweme ukushisa ngokweqile endaweni ethile;
Ukuvala ama-gasket: Vimbela ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuxhuma, futhi kudingeka ukuhlolwa okuvamile kokuguga;
Izitayela zezinto zokwakha kanye nokuklama:
Izinto eziyinhloko yi-aluminium (engaphezu kuka-80%), ngenxa yokuthi ilula (cishe ngo-40% ilula kunethusi), i-conductivity enhle yokushisa (i-coefficient yokushisa engaba ngu-230 W/(m·K)), kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izinhlobo zesakhiwo: Zifaka uhlobo lweshidi leshubhu, uhlobo lwebhande leshubhu (elinendawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa ephezulu ngo-12% kunohlobo lweshidi leshubhu) kanye nohlobo lwepuleti. Uhlobo lwebhande leshubhu lusebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yomklamo walo we-aerodynamic louvre.
Isiqondiso sentuthuko yesimanje: Ukuphathwa kokushisa okulula nokuhlanganisiwe (ikakhulukazi ezimotweni zikagesi), amanye amamodeli ahlanganise imisebenzi yokupholisa uwoyela wenjini kanye nowoyela wokudlulisa ohlelweni olufanayo.
Iziphakamiso zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke:
Hlanza njalo uthuli, izinambuzane, njll. emaphikweni okupholisa ukuze ugcine umoya ubushelelezi;
Hlola izinga le-coolant, isimo sokuvala, kanye nanoma yikuphi ukuvuza emapayipini njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 noma amakhilomitha angu-5,000;
Sebenzisa i-antifreeze ekhethekile (equkethe izinto ezilwa nokugqwala), gwema ukusebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile angabangela ukugqwala noma ukugqwala;
Uma imoto izwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu emanzini ngemva kokushisa noma ukushayela isikhathi eside entabeni, bheka ukuthi i-radiator ivalekile yini, ukuthi ifeni isebenza kahle yini, nokuthi i-coolant yanele yini.
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