Indima eyinhloko yephampu yamanzi yezimoto kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwendandatho yokuvala
Iphampu yamanzi yezimoto "iyinhliziyo" yesistimu yokupholisa injini, kanti indandatho yokuvala "ingumlindi othembekile" oqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuzinzile. Lokhu kokubili kusebenza ndawonye, kuvikeleka ngokubambisana ibhalansi yokushisa yenjini.
Ngokombono womsebenzi wephampu yamanzi, idlulisela amandla nge-crankshaft yenjini bese iqhuba i-impeller ukuthi ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, i-coolant idonswa ku-radiator bese icindezelwa ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe ejakethini lamanzi le-cylinder block yenjini. I-coolant imunca ukushisa okukhiqizwa ukusebenza kwenjini ku-cylinder block bese ibuyela ku-radiator ukuze iphole. Lo mjikelezo uyaphindaphinda, uqinisekisa ukuthi injini isebenza njalo ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elifanele lika-85°C - 95°C. Uma iphampu yamanzi isiyekile ukusebenza, i-coolant ayikwazi ukujikeleza, futhi izinga lokushisa lenjini lizokhuphuka ngesikhathi esifushane. Kancane kancane, izobangela i-alamu yokushisa okuphezulu; kakhulu, ingabangela amaphutha abulalayo njengokudonsa i-cylinder noma ukuqhekeka kwe-cylinder block.
Indandatho yokuvala, njengengxenye ebalulekile yokuvala ipompo yamanzi, igcwalisa kakhulu imisebenzi emibili emikhulu. Okokuqala, ivimbela ukuvuza kwe-coolant, enamathela ngokuqinile ezingxenyeni zokuxhumana phakathi kwendlu yepompo, i-impeller, kanye ne-shaft, ivimba indlela yokuthi i-coolant ivuze ngaphandle, iqinisekisa ukuzinza kwengcindezi ohlelweni lokupholisa kanye nokunikezwa okwanele kwe-coolant. Okwesibili, ihlukanisa ukungcola kanye namafutha okugcoba, ivimbela uthuli lwangaphandle kanye nesihlabathi ukuthi kungangeni ngaphakathi kwepompo futhi kugugule izingxenye, kanye nokuvimbela ingxube kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwamafutha okugcoba kanye ne-coolant, igcina umphumela wokugcoba wama-bearings futhi yandise impilo yesevisi yepompo.
Izimbangela Nezibonakaliso Ezivamile Zephutha
Ukwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi
Umonakalo we-impeller: Ukusebenzisa i-coolant esezingeni eliphansi isikhathi eside noma ukwehluleka ukufaka i-coolant ngesikhathi kuzokwenza ukuthi izithasiselo ku-coolant ziphele, okuholela ekugqwaleni kwangaphakathi okwandisiwe. Ubuso be-impeller buzoba nokugqwala, imifantu, noma ngisho nokuqhekeka kwe-blade. Ngemva kokuthi i-impeller yonakele, ukusebenza kahle kokujikeleza kwe-coolant kuzoncipha kakhulu, okubangela ukwanda okungavamile kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi enjini. Isikhombisi sokulinganisa izinga lokushisa lamanzi kudeshibhodi sizokhuphuka ngokushesha siye endaweni ebomvu, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kube khona isimo "sokubila" kwe-coolant.
Ukuguguleka kwama-bearings: Uma i-grease yokugcoba inganele noma i-coolant ivuza ekamelweni lokuthwala ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwephampu ngesivinini esikhulu isikhathi eside, kuzokwenza ukuthi amabhola okugoqa ama-bearings aguge futhi indawo evulekile ibe nkulu kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuzoba nomsindo "oqhumayo" noma "oqhumayo" engxenyeni yenjini, ikakhulukazi lapho ijubane lingasebenzi. Uma i-accelerator icindezelwa, imvamisa yomsindo izoshintsha ngesivinini sokujikeleza. Ukuguguleka ngokweqile kwama-bearings kuzophinde kubangele ukuthi i-shaft yephampu inyakaze, okwandisa kakhulu ukungqubuzana phakathi kwe-impeller kanye ne-housing.
Izinkinga ze-Pulley: Uma i-pulley yenjini eqhuba i-water pump iqinile kakhulu, izokwandisa umthwalo ku-pump shaft, isheshise ukuguguleka kwama-bearings kanye ne-impeller; uma ikhululekile kakhulu, izoshelela, okuholela ekunganele kwejubane le-pump kanye nesivinini sokujikeleza kwe-coolant esihamba kancane. Ukubonakaliswa okusobala kokwehluleka kwe-pulley ukushintshashintsha okungavamile kwezinga lokushisa lamanzi, lapho izinga lokushisa lamanzi likhuphuka kancane ngemva kokuqala kokubanda futhi lishintshashintsha ngesikhathi sokushayela.
Ukwehluleka kwendandatho yokuvala
Imbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka kwendandatho yokuvala ukuguga. Njengoba imoto iguga, izinto zendandatho yokuvala zizolahlekelwa kancane kancane ukunwebeka, okuholela ekwehleni kokusebenza kokuvala, futhi i-coolant iqala ukuvuza ezindaweni zokuxhuma phakathi kwephampu nenjini noma uphawu lweshaft. Uma umhlabathi ubonisa iminonjana ye-coolant epinki noma eluhlaza kanye nezinga le-coolant ethangini lokunweba liqhubeka nokwehla, kungenzeka ukuthi indandatho yokuvala yehlulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isimo sokugqwala se-coolant ephansi sizosheshisa ukuguga kwendandatho yokuvala, futhi ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kweglue yokuvala ngesikhathi sokufakwa, njengokusetshenziswa ngokweqile noma ukusetshenziswa okungalingani, nakho kungaholela ezinkingeni zokuvala nokuvuza okubi.
Iziphakamiso Zokuvimbela Amaphutha Nokulungisa
Ukuze kuncishiswe ingozi yamaphutha ekuhlanganisweni kwephampu kanye nendandatho yokuvala, abanikazi bezimoto kufanele benze ukulungiswa njalo. Okokuqala, landela ngokuqinile izidingo zesandla semoto zokushintsha i-coolant esezingeni eliphezulu njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma amakhilomitha angama-40,000 ukuze ugweme ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo engemihle; okwesibili, hlola njalo ukucindezeleka nokuguguleka kwebhande le-pulley yenjini, bese ulishintsha ngesikhathi uma kutholakala imifantu noma ukuxega; ngesikhathi esifanayo, qaphela ukuthi kukhona yini ukuvuza kwe-coolant ezungeze iphampu ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ngakunye futhi ulalele noma yimiphi imisindo engajwayelekile endaweni yenjini.
Uma kwenzeka iphutha, kufanele lilungiswe ngokushesha. Ukuze kube nokuvuza kwendandatho yokuvala, ukumane ufake esikhundleni imodeli efanayo yendandatho yokuvala esezingeni eliphezulu kungaxazulula inkinga; uma i-impeller yepompo yonakele noma amabheringi egugile kakhulu, ngokuvamile i-assembling yepompo idinga ukushintshwa. Lapho kulungiswa, kunconywa ukukhetha isikhungo sokulungisa esithembekile ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yezingxenye kanye nenqubo yokufaka, ukugwema ukuphinda kube namaphutha ngenxa yokulungiswa okungafanele.
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