Iyini ivalvu ye-PCV yezimoto
I-valve ye-PCV (i-Crankcase forced ventilation valve) iyisici esibalulekile senjini yezimoto. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuqondisa ingxube ekwi-crankcase iye kwi-intake manifold ukuze iphinde ishiswe, ivimbele ukuvuza kwegesi ngqo emkhathini futhi kubangele ukungcola. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivimbela futhi ukuwohloka kukawoyela wenjini kanye nokuguguleka kwenjini.
Isakhiwo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza
I-valve ye-PCV yakhiwe ngomzimba we-valve, i-valve, isembozo se-valve kanye nesipilingi, futhi izinga layo lokuvula nokuvala lilawulwa yizinga le-vacuum le-manifold yokungenisa. Uma injini isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi noma i-idling, umzimba we-valve uvulekile kancane ukuze kungeniswe inani elincane lengxube. Ivuleke ngokuphelele ngesivinini esiphezulu noma ngesikhathi sokusheshisa ukuze kwandiswe ivolumu yokungenisa umoya. Uma injini ibuyela emuva, umzimba we-valve uvala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuvimbela i-crankcase ukuthi ingaqhumi.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko
Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kwe-Youdaoplaceholder0 : Vimbela igesi exubile engashisiwe ukuthi ikhishwe ngqo emoyeni ukuze kugwenywe ukungcola.
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Vikela uwoyela wenjini : Vimbela ukuvuza kwegesi ekuncibilikiseni uwoyela futhi kubangele ukuwohloka, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini.
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Lawula ingcindezi : Linganisa ingcindezi ye-crankcase ukuze uvimbele ukuvuza kwamafutha okugcoba.
Uma ivalvu ye-PCV ivalekile, ingaholela ekungcoleni kwe-intake filter element, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, ukuguguleka kwenjini okusheshayo noma ngisho nomonakalo. Kuyadingeka ukuhlanza njalo ukungcola okuzungezile (njengokuhlola ukuguquguquka komzimba wevalvu kanye nokumunca i-vacuum ngesikhathi sokulungiswa okuvamile).
I-PCV isifinyezo samagama amathathu athi "Positive Crankcase Ventilation" ngesiNgisi. NgesiShayina, isho uhlelo lokulawula ingozi yokungenisa umoya olusebenzayo lwe-crankcase (noma ipani likawoyela). I-valve ye-PCV yakhiwe ngomzimba we-valve, i-valve, isembozo se-valve kanye nesipilingi, futhi ayikwazi ukuhlukaniswa. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko: ukufaka igesi e-crankcase ku-input manifold nge-valve ye-PCV, kanye nenani elincane lomoya lingena ngqo ku-input manifold kusuka kusihlungi somoya nge-valve ye-PCV. Lokhu kugwema izenzakalo ezifana nokwakheka kweqhwa e-throttle, ukushisa okungaphelele, kanye nokuwohloka kokukhishwa komoya. Vimbela igesi ukuthi ingangeni emkhathini futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ivimbele uwoyela wenjini ukuthi ungonakali.
Ekupheleni kwenqubo yokushisa amandla enjini, ingxube ethile engashiswanga ivuza ingena kwi-crankcase isuka emasongweni e-piston ngaphansi komfutho ophezulu. Lolu hlobo lokuvuza lubizwa ngokuthi "i-blow-by" embonini. Lawa magesi aqhumayo azophuma kwi-crankcase aye emkhathini, okubangela ukungcola. Uma lezi zingxube ezingenele zingakhishwa, zizophinde zinciphise uwoyela wenjini kwi-crankcase, okubangela ukuba uwoyela wonakale futhi kuholele ekugugeni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwezingxenye zenjini. Kusukela ngawo-1960, iCalifornia e-United States ibe ngeyokuqala ukudinga ukuthi izimoto zihlonyiswe ngezinhlelo ze-PCV, ezibe yisici esiyimpoqo sezimoto.
Iningi lezinjini zikaphethiloli lihlonyiswe ngama-valve e-PCV (amadivayisi okungenisa umoya aphoqelelwe i-crankcase) ukuze kube lula ukushintshana komoya enjinini. Kodwa-ke, ukungcola okusema-bays kunganqwabelana eduze kwama-valve e-PCV, okungase kubangele ukuthi avale. Uma i-valve ye-PCV ivalekile, igesi engcolile izobuyela esihlungini somoya, ingcolise isici sesihlungi, inciphise amandla okuhlunga, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, ukuguguleka okukhulu kwenjini, ngisho nomonakalo wenjini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina i-PCV njalo nokususa ukungcola okuzungeze i-valve ye-PCV.
I-valve ye-PCV iyi-valve yokulawula ukulinganisa. Ifakwa phakathi kohlelo lokungenisa umoya lwe-crankcase kanye nohlelo lokungenisa umoya lwenjini. I-valve ye-PCV ilawulwa yi-vacuum degree ukulawula ukugeleza kwentuthu ekhiqizwa uhlelo lokungenisa umoya lwe-crankcase olungena ohlelweni lokungenisa umoya. Uma injini isebenza ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugeleza kwayo kufanele kube phezulu kunalapho isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, lapho injini ibhekana nomlilo obuyela emuva, i-valve ye-PCV kufanele ikwazi ukuvala umoya ukuze ivimbele i-crankcase ukuthi ingaqhumi.
Imoto ngayinye inepayipi lokukhipha umoya ukuze ikhiphe igesi yokukhipha umoya enjinini iye ngaphandle kwemoto. Kodwa-ke, akunakwenzeka ukususa yonke igesi yokukhipha umoya ngokuphelele. Inani elincane legesi yokukhipha umoya lizoqhubeka lingene epanini likawoyela ngesikhala esiphakathi kwepiston nodonga lwesilinda. Uma uwoyela negesi engena epanini likawoyela iqoqana futhi ingakwazi ukukhishwa, izokwakha umfutho womoya, ongagcini nje ngokunciphisa uwoyela wenjini kodwa futhi ubangele ukugcotshwa okubi kwezingxenye zenjini. Kuzophinde kubangele imiphumela emibi njengokusetshenziswa okungavamile kwamafutha enjini. Ngakho-ke, uwoyela negesi epanini likawoyela kumele kube nepayipi lokukhipha umoya. Esikhathini esidlule, ngaphambi komthetho nokulawulwa kokungcola komoya wemoto, ipayipi lalixhunywe epanini likawoyela ukuze likhiphe uwoyela negesi ngqo emoyeni. Lapho imoto ikhula, kulapho ukuvuza kukawoyela negesi ovuthayo kuba kubi kakhulu, futhi igesi yokukhipha umoya eningi ikhishwa epanini likawoyela, okubangela ukungcola komoya okukhulu.
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