Iyini i-piston yemoto
I-piston yemoto iyingxenye ehambayo enjinini yokushisa yangaphakathi eguqula amandla okushisa abe amandla omshini . Idlulisela ingcindezi yokushisa ku-crankshaft ngokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo futhi ihlanganyela ekwakhekeni kwegumbi lokushisa.
Izincazelo nemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-Youdaoplaceholder0
I-piston yemoto iyisakhi esiyisilinda esifakwe ngaphakathi kwesilinda yenjini. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kwe-Youdaoplaceholder0: Umfutho wegesi okhiqizwa ukushiswa kukaphethiloli udluliselwa ku-crankshaft ngephini le-piston kanye nenduku yokuxhuma, uyiguqula ibe amandla okujikeleza.
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Ukwakheka kwegumbi lokusha : Kanye nekhanda lesilinda nodonga lwesilinda, kwakha isikhala sokusha esivaliwe.
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Ukuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza : Umjikelezo we-four-stroke wokungenisa, ukucindezela, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kanye nokukhipha umoya uqedwa ngokuhlanganiswa kokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo.
Izakhiwo ze-Youdaoplaceholder0 Izakhiwo nezinto ezibonakalayo
I-piston isebenzisa umklamo ohlukanisiwe:
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 top : Njengoba zithwala ngqo ingcindezi yokushisa, izinjini zikaphethiloli zivame ukuba nesakhiwo esiyisicaba phezulu, kuyilapho izinjini zikadizili zivame ukuklanywa ngemigodi ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zokushisa.
Ikhanda le-Youdaoplaceholder0 : Ingxenye ebalulekile yokufaka izindandatho ze-piston, ezinezimbobo zendandatho ezingu-3 kuya kwezingu-4 (izindandatho zegesi nezindandatho zikawoyela) ukuze kufezwe ukuvalwa nokugcotshwa.
Isiketi se-Youdaoplaceholder0 : Umsebenzi oqondisayo, ukugqoka okuphezulu kunciphisa ukungqubuzana, ukwakheka kwesimanje kuvame ukuba "mfushane futhi kube kukhulu" ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina nokushabalalisa ukushisa.
Izinto eziyinhloko yi-aluminium alloy, ehlanganisa ukukhanya okulula (ukunciphisa amandla angenawo ugesi) kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Amanye amamodeli asebenza kahle asebenzisa i-nickel plating noma i-ceramic coating
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Indawo yokusebenza kanye nezinselele zobuchwepheshe
Ama-piston asebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu:
I-Youdaoplaceholder0 Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu : Izinga lokushisa elisheshayo legumbi lomlilo lidlula u-2500K, kanti ingxenye ephezulu iqhubeka nokucindezela okungu-3-9MPa.
Ukunyakaza kwesivinini esikhulu se-Youdaoplaceholder0: Injini kaphethiloli ingafinyelela isivinini sokujikeleza esingu-6000rpm, okuhambisana nesivinini esiqondile esidlula ama-20m/s.
Amandla ayinkimbinkimbi e-Youdaoplaceholder0: abhekene nemithwalo yokuthinteka ngezikhathi ezithile, ingcindezi eseceleni kanye nokuguquguquka kokucindezeleka kokushisa.
Ama-piston anamuhla enza ngcono isakhiwo sawo ngokuhlaziywa kwezinto ezilinganiselwe futhi amukele izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezifana neziteshi zamafutha okupholisa kanye nezingubo zokushisa ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinselele.
I-piston yonke ingahlukaniswa kakhulu ibe izingxenye ezintathu: ingaphezulu le-piston, ikhanda le-piston kanye nesiketi se-piston.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-piston ukuthwala ingcindezi yokushisa ku-cylinder nokudlulisela la mandla ku-crankshaft ngephini ye-piston kanye nenduku yokuxhuma. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-piston, kanye nekhanda lesilinda kanye nodonga lwesilinda, kwakha igumbi lokushisa.
Ingaphezulu le-piston liyingxenye yegumbi lokusha futhi livame ukwenziwa ngezimo ezahlukene. Ezinjinini zikaphethiloli, ingaphezulu le-piston livame ukusebenzisa ingaphezulu eliyisicaba noma ingaphezulu eligobile ukuze lenze isakhiwo segumbi lokusha sibe sincane, indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa ibe ncane, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ibe lula. Ama-piston aphezulu e-Convex avame ukusetshenziswa ezinjinini zikaphethiloli ezinezinhlungu ezimbili. Ingaphezulu le-piston yenjini kadizili livame ukwenziwa libe yimigodi ehlukahlukene.
Ikhanda le-piston liyingxenye engaphezulu kwesihlalo sephini le-piston. Izindandatho ze-piston zifakwa ekhanda le-piston ukuvimbela igesi eshisa kakhulu kanye nengcindezi ephezulu ukuthi ingangeni e-crankcase kanye nokuvimba uwoyela wenjini ukuthi ungangeni ekamelweni lokushisa. Ukushisa okuningi okumuncwa ngenhla kwe-piston nakho kudluliselwa kusilinda ngekhanda le-piston bese kuthuthwa yi-medium yokupholisa.
Ikhanda le-piston lifakwe imigoqo eminingana yendandatho yokufaka amasongo e-piston. Inani lamasongo e-piston lincike ezidingweni zokuvala futhi lihlobene nesivinini senjini kanye nomfutho wesilinda. Inani lamasongo enjinini enesivinini esikhulu lingaphansi kwelenjini enesivinini esiphansi, kanti inani lamasongo enjinini enesivinini esiphezulu lingaphansi kwelenjini yedizili. Injini yephethiloli ejwayelekile isebenzisa amasongo amabili egesi kanye nendandatho eyodwa kawoyela. Injini yephethiloli inezindandatho ezintathu zegesi kanye nendandatho eyodwa kawoyela. Izinjini zephethiloli ezinesivinini esiphansi zisebenzisa amasongo egesi angu-3 kuya kwangu-4. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukulahlekelwa kokungqubuzana, ukuphakama kwengxenye ye-annular kufanele kwehliswe ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphansi kwesimo sokuqinisekisa ukuvalwa, kufanele kwenziwe imizamo yokunciphisa inani lamasongo.
Zonke izingxenye ezingaphansi komsele wendandatho ye-piston zibizwa ngokuthi iziketi ze-piston. Umsebenzi wayo ukuqondisa i-piston ukuthi yenze ukunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kusilinda futhi ithwale ingcindezi eseceleni. Lapho injini isebenza, ngenxa yomphumela wengcindezi yegesi ngaphakathi kwesilinda, i-piston izogoba futhi iguquguquke. Ngemva kokuba i-piston ishisiwe, ngoba kunensimbi eningi ephinini le-piston, ukwanda kwayo kukhulu kunalokho kwezinye izingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-piston izophinde ibhekane nokuguquguquka okucindezelwayo ngaphansi kwesenzo sengcindezi eseceleni. Umphumela ohlangene wokuguquguquka okungenhla ubangela ukuthi ingxenye ephambene yesiketi se-piston ibe yi-ellipse ene-axis ende eqondile eqondeni lephini le-piston. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokusatshalaliswa okungalingani kokushisa kanye nobunzima eceleni kwe-axis ye-piston, ukwanda kokushisa kwengxenye ngayinye ephambeneyo kukhulu phezulu futhi kuncane phansi.
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