Enkambisweni yokushayela, imoto idinga ukushintsha indlela yayo yokushayela njalo ngokwentando yomshayeli, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuqondisa imoto. Ngokuphathelene nezimoto ezinamasondo, indlela yokuthola ukuqondisa kwemoto ukuthi umshayeli enze amasondo (amasondo okuqondisa) ku-axle yokuqondisa (ngokuvamile i-axle yangaphambili) yemoto aphambuke i-engeli ethile maqondana ne-axis ende yemoto ngokusebenzisa isethi yezindlela eziklanyelwe ngokukhethekile. Uma imoto ishayela emgqeni oqondile, isondo lokuqondisa livame ukuthintwa amandla okuphazamiseka ohlangothini lomgwaqo, futhi liphenduke ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze lishintshe indlela yokushayela. Ngalesi sikhathi, umshayeli angasebenzisa le ndlela yokuqondisa isondo lokuqondisa ohlangothini oluphambene, ukuze abuyisele indlela yokushayela yokuqala yemoto. Leli sethi lezikhungo ezikhethekile ezisetshenziselwa ukushintsha noma ukubuyisela indlela yokushayela yemoto libizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lokuqondisa imoto (olwaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi uhlelo lokuqondisa imoto). Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wesistimu yokuqondisa imoto ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ingaqondiswa futhi iqhutshwe ngokwentando yomshayeli. [1]
Ukusakazwa kokuhlela okunesimiso sokwakha
Izinhlelo zokuqondisa izimoto zihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: izinhlelo zokuqondisa zemishini kanye nezinhlelo zokuqondisa ngamandla.
Uhlelo lokuqondisa lwemishini
Uhlelo lokuqondisa olusebenzisa imishini lusebenzisa amandla angokomzimba omshayeli njengamandla okuqondisa, lapho zonke izingxenye zokudlulisela amandla zisebenza ngomshini. Uhlelo lokuqondisa olusebenzisa imishini luqukethe izingxenye ezintathu: indlela yokulawula ukuqondisa, igiya lokuqondisa kanye nendlela yokudlulisela ukuqondisa.
Isithombe 1 sibonisa umdwebo ochaza ukwakheka kanye nokuhlelwa kwesistimu yokuqondisa yemishini. Lapho imoto ijika, umshayeli usebenzisa i-torque yokuqondisa esiteringini 1. Le torque ifakwa esiteringini 5 nge-steering shaft 2, i-steering universal joint 3 kanye ne-steering transmission shaft 4. I-torque ekhuliswa yi-steering gear kanye nokunyakaza ngemva kokunciphisa ijubane kudluliselwa engalweni ye-steering rocker 6, bese idluliselwa engalweni ye-steering knuckle 8 eqiniswe e-steering knuckle 9 ngenduku ye-steering straight 7, ukuze i-steering knuckle yesobunxele kanye ne-steering knuckle yesobunxele eyisekelayo idluliselwe. Isondo lokuqondisa liyaphambuka. Ukuze kuphambukiswe i-steering knuckle yesokudla 13 kanye nesondo lokuqondisa lesokudla eliyisekelayo ngama-engeli ahambisanayo, kuhlinzekwa ne-steering trapezoid. I-steering trapezoid yakhiwe ngezingalo ze-trapezoidal 10 kanye ne-12 eziqiniswe ezinqeni ze-steering zesobunxele nesokudla kanye nenduku ye-steering tie 11 lapho iziphetho zazo zixhunywe nezingalo ze-trapezoidal ngama-ball hinges.
Umfanekiso 1 Umdwebo wesimiso wokwakheka kanye nokuhlelwa kwesistimu yokuqondisa yemishini
Umfanekiso 1 Umdwebo wesimiso wokwakheka kanye nokuhlelwa kwesistimu yokuqondisa yemishini
Uchungechunge lwezingxenye nezingxenye ezisuka esiteringini kuya kushafu yokudlulisela isiteringi zingezomshini wokulawula isiteringi. Uchungechunge lwezingxenye nezingxenye (ngaphandle kwama-knuckles okuqondisa) kusukela engalweni yokuqondisa isiteringi kuya ku-trapezoid yokuqondisa zingezomshini wokudlulisela isiteringi.
uhlelo lokuqondisa amandla
Uhlelo lokuqondisa olusebenzisa amandla omshayeli kanye namandla enjini njengamandla okuqondisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezivamile, ingxenye encane kuphela yamandla adingekayo ekuqondiseni imoto inikezwa ngumshayeli, futhi iningi lawo linikezwa yinjini ngedivayisi yokuqondisa enamandla. Kodwa-ke, lapho idivayisi yokuqondisa enamandla ihluleka, umshayeli ngokuvamile kufanele akwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wokuqondisa imoto ngokuzimela. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lokuqondisa olusebenzisa amandla lwenziwa ngokungeza isethi yamadivayisi okuqondisa amandla ngokusekelwe ohlelweni lokuqondisa olusebenzisa imishini.
Emotweni esindayo enesisindo esiphezulu esingaphezu kwama-50t, uma idivayisi yokuqondisa enamandla ingasebenzi, amandla asetshenziswa umshayeli eqotsheni lokuqondisa ngesitimela sokushayela semishini awanele neze ukuphambukisa isiteringi ukuze kufezwe ukuqondisa. Ngakho-ke, ukuqondisa kwamandla kwezimoto ezinjalo kufanele kube okuthembekile kakhulu.
Umfanekiso 2 Umdwebo weskimu wokwakheka kwesistimu yokuqondisa amandla kagesi
Umfanekiso 2 Umdwebo weskimu wokwakheka kwesistimu yokuqondisa amandla kagesi
UMFANELO 2 umdwebo obonisa ukwakheka kohlelo lokuqondisa amandla e-hydraulic kanye nokuhlelwa kwamapayipi edivayisi yokuqondisa amandla e-hydraulic. Izingxenye zedivayisi yokuqondisa amandla yilezi: ithangi likawoyela lokuqondisa 9, iphampu kawoyela lokuqondisa 10, ivalvu yokulawula yokuqondisa 5 kanye nesilinda yamandla okuqondisa 12. Lapho umshayeli ephendula isondo lokuqondisa 1 ngokuphambene newashi (ukuqondisa kwesobunxele), ingalo yokuqondisa i-rocker 7 iqhuba induku yokuqondisa eqondile 6 ukuze iqhubekele phambili. Amandla okudonsa enduku yokubopha eqondile asebenza engalweni yokuqondisa 4, futhi adluliselwa engalweni ye-trapezoidal 3 kanye nenduku yokubopha yokuqondisa 11 ngokulandelana, ukuze ihambe iye kwesokudla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, induku yokuqondisa eqondile iphinda iqhube ivalvu yesilayidi kuvalvu yokulawula yokuqondisa 5, ukuze igumbi langakwesokudla lesilinda samandla okuqondisa 12 lixhunywe ethangini likawoyela lokuqondisa ngaphandle kokucindezela koketshezi olungaphezulu. Uwoyela ocindezela kakhulu wepompo kawoyela 10 ungena engxenyeni yesobunxele yesilinda samandla okuqondisa, ngakho-ke amandla e-hydraulic angakwesokudla episton yesilinda samandla okuqondisa asebenza entongeni yokubopha 11 ngenduku yokusunduza, okubangela ukuthi ihambe iye kwesokudla. Ngale ndlela, i-torque encane yokuqondisa esetshenziswa umshayeli esiteringini inganqoba i-torque yokumelana nokuqondisa esebenza esiteringini phansi.
