I-Shifting isifinyezo se-"shift lever operation method", okubhekisela enqubweni yokusebenza lapho umshayeli eshintsha ngokuqhubekayo indawo ye-shift lever ngezimo zomgwaqo kanye nesivinini semoto ngokusebenzisa ukunyakaza okuhlukahlukene kwengqondo nokusebenza komzimba. Enqubweni yokushayela yesikhathi eside, idluliselwe phansi ngabantu ngenxa yegama layo elifushane neliqondile. Imvamisa yokusetshenziswa iphezulu kakhulu. Futhi ukuthi ukusebenza okunekhono (ikakhulukazi imoto yokuhambisa ngesandla) kukuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kokushayela kwabantu.
Okubizwa ngokuthi "indlela yokusebenza kwe-shift lever" inqunyelwe "i-shift lever" ngokwayo; ngenkathi ukuguqula akubandakanyi kuphela "indlela yokusebenza kwe-shift lever", kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, esimisweni sokufinyelela okuhlosiwe (i-shift), okuhlanganisa ukulinganisa kwesivinini semoto, njll. Zonke izinqubo zokuziphatha ezingokwengqondo nezokuphila, okuhlanganisa izici.
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokushintsha amagiya zingafingqwa ngamagama ayisishiyagalombili: ngesikhathi, alungile, azinzile futhi ayashesha.
Ngesikhathi: Bamba kahle isikhathi esifanele sokushintsha, okungukuthi, akufanele ukhuphule igiya kusenesikhathi, futhi akufanele wehlise igiya sekwephuze kakhulu.
Okulungile: I-clutch pedal, i-accelerator pedal kanye ne-lever yegiya kufanele kuhambisane kahle futhi kuhlanganiswe, futhi izindawo zazo kufanele zinembile.
Izinzile: Ngemva kokushintshela egiyeni elisha, khulula i-clutch pedal ngesikhathi futhi ngendlela ezinzile.
Ngokushesha: Isenzo kufanele sisheshe sinciphise isikhathi sokushintsha, sinciphise ukulahlekelwa amandla e-kinetic emoto, futhi sinciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
sebenza
vimba
(1) Okubalulekile kokwengeza ibhulokhi. Ngaphambi kokuba imoto inyuse igiya, ngokwendlela kanye nezimo zethrafikhi, gibela i-accelerator pedal kancane kancane bese unyusa ijubane lemoto. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "ukugijima imoto". Uma ijubane lemoto lifaneleka ukushintshelwa egiyeni eliphezulu, phakamisa ngokushesha i-accelerator pedal, nyathela i-clutch pedal, bese uhambisa igiya egiyeni eliphezulu; Hamba kahle. Ngokwesimo, sebenzisa indlela efanayo ukushintsha igiya eliphezulu. Isihluthulelo sokwanda okushelelayo ubukhulu be "imoto egijimayo". Ibanga "lemoto egijimayo" kufanele linqunywe ngokwezinga legiya elingeziwe. Uma igiya liphakeme, ibanga "lemoto egijimayo" liba lide. Lapho "igijima", i-accelerator pedal kufanele ihanjiswe kancane, futhi isivinini esiphakathi kufanele siphakanyiswe ngokushesha. Lapho igiya linyuswa, ngemva kokushintshela egiyeni eliphezulu, i-clutch pedal kufanele iphakanyiswe ngokushesha iye endaweni exhunywe kancane. Kufanele imiswe isikhashana bese iphakanyiswa kancane ukuze amandla adluliselwe kahle futhi agweme ukwenza imoto "igijimele phambili" ngemva kokunyakaza.
(2) Isikhathi sokukhula. Uma imoto ishayela, inqobo nje uma izimo zomgwaqo nezimo zomgwaqo zivuma, kufanele ishintshelwe egiyeni eliphezulu ngesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokwandisa igiya, kufanele usheshise "imoto egijimayo" ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi kunamandla anele okugcina imoto isebenza kahle ngemva kokuguqulwa. Uma "ijubane" (ijubane lemoto) lincane kakhulu (liphansi), lizobangela amandla anganele kanye ne-jitter ngemva kokuhamba; uma isikhathi "sokugijima" siside kakhulu, injini izosebenza ngesivinini esikhulu isikhathi eside, okuzokwandisa ukuguga nokunciphisa umnotho. Ngakho-ke, "imoto egijimayo" kufanele ifaneleke, futhi igiya kufanele lifakwe ngesikhathi. Isikhathi segiya kufanele sinqunywe ngokuya nomsindo wenjini, isivinini namandla. Uma unyathela i-accelerator pedal ngemuva kokugudluka, isivinini senjini siyehla namandla awenele, kusho ukuthi isikhathi sokushintsha sisencane kakhulu.
Ukulandelana kokusebenza: engeza igiya eliphansi egiyeni eliphezulu, shayela kahle uwoyela wemoto ukuze uqhubeke; isinyathelo esisodwa ukuthatha isinyathelo sesibili ukulengiswa, futhi ezintathu lift ukuze ugcwalise uphethiloli.
Amaphuzu okusebenza: phuthuma imoto ukuze isheshise ukuzwa umsindo, gibela i-clutch bese ukhetha ukungathathi hlangothi; linda kuze kuzwakale umsindo wamafutha, bese unyathela i-clutch bese ufaka igiya.
i-downshift
(1) Okubalulekile kokunciphisa igiya. Khulula i-accelerator pedal, gibela i-clutch pedal ngokushesha, hambisa i-lever yegiya ku-neutral, bese ukhulula i-clutch pedal, ngokushesha unyathele i-accelerator pedal ngonyawo lwakho lwangakwesokudla (engeza "amafutha angenalutho"), bese unyathela ngokushesha i-clutch pedal. , hambisa i-lever yegiya ezingeni eliphansi le-Gear, cindezela indlela yokumisa-nensa ukuze ukhulule i-clutch pedal, ukuze imoto iqhubeke nokushayela ngegiya elisha.
(2) Isikhathi se-downshift. Lapho ushayela, lapho uzwa sengathi amandla enjini awanele futhi ijubane lemoto liyancipha kancane kancane, kusho ukuthi igiya lasekuqaleni alisakwazi ukuthwala ukushayela okujwayelekile kwemoto, futhi kufanele ushintshele egiyeni eliphansi ngesikhathi futhi ngokushesha. . Uma isivinini sehliswe kakhulu, ungakwazi ukweqa i-downshift.
Ukulandelana kokusebenza: yehla uye egiyeni eliphansi uma ufika egiyeni, ungathuki uma ubona ijubane lemoto; isinyathelo esisodwa sithatha i-lift yesibili, futhi isinyathelo sesithathu sishintsha amafutha ukuze aqhubeke.
Amaphuzu okusebenza: thatha i-accelerator futhi ukhethe ukungathathi hlangothi, futhi uchithe uphethiloli ngokwejubane lemoto; kuyilapho umsindo kaphethiloli unganyamalali, cindezela i-clutch bese ushintshela egiyeni eliphansi.
shift manual
Emotweni yokudlulisa ngesandla, ukubaluleka kwe-clutch angeke kushaywe indiva ukuze ushayele ngokukhululeka. Uma ushayela unganyatheli i-clutch noma ubeke unyawo kwi-clutch pedal ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle uma imoto isuka, ishintsha futhi ibhuleki ngesivinini esiphansi, udinga ukunyathela i-clutch pedal.
Ukusebenza okulungile ekuqaleni. Okubalulekile kokusebenza kwe-clutch pedal uma uqala "ukushesha okukodwa, okubili okunensayo, okuthathu kokuxhumanisa". Okusho ukuthi, lapho i-pedal iphakanyiswa, iphakanyiswa ngokushesha; lapho i-clutch ibonakala ixhunywe kancane (umsindo wenjini uyashintsha ngalesi sikhathi), ijubane lokuphakanyiswa kwe-pedal lihamba kancane; kusukela ekuxhumaneni kuya ekuhlanganisweni okuphelele, i-pedal iphakanyiswa kancane kancane ku-clutch. Ngenkathi i-pedal iphakanyisiwe, cindezela kancane kancane i-accelerator pedal ngokusho ukumelana kwenjini, ukuze imoto iqale kahle.
Ukusebenza okulungile lapho ushintsha amagiya. Lapho ushintsha amagiya ngenkathi ushayela, i-clutch pedal kufanele inyathelwe ngokushesha futhi iphakanyiswe, futhi akumele kube khona ukwenzeka kokuxhumanisa okuncane, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuguga kwe-clutch kuzosheshisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, naka ukubambisana ne-throttle lapho usebenza. Ukuze wenze ukuguquka kwegiya kube bushelelezi futhi kuncishiswe ukuguga kwe-transmission shifting mechanism kanye ne-clutch, "indlela yokuguqula i-clutch yemilenze emibili" iyakhuthazwa. Nakuba le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ekusebenzeni, iyindlela enhle yokonga imali ngokushayela.
Ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanele lapho ubhuleka. Ekushayeleni imoto, ngaphezu kwe-low-speed braking ukuze umise i-clutch pedal, zama ukungacindezeli i-clutch pedal uma ubhuleka ngaphansi kwezinye izimo.
Ukulawula ukudluliswa kwesandla kuyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kukhona amakhono namathiphu. Ekuphishekeleni amandla, isihluthulelo siwukubamba isikhathi sokushintsha futhi uvumele imoto isheshise ngamandla. Uma sikhuluma ngokwethiyori, lapho injini evamile iseduze netorque ephezulu, ukusheshisa yikho okuqabulayo kakhulu.
ukushintsha imoto okuzenzakalelayo
Ukushintshwa kwegiya okuzenzakalelayo kulawulwa yikhompyutha, futhi ukusebenza kulula.
1. Uma ushayela emgwaqeni oqondile, ngokuvamile sebenzisa igiya elithi "D". Uma ushayela emgwaqeni ominyene endaweni yasedolobheni, shintshela egiyeni lesithathu ukuze uthole amandla anamandla.
2. Ibhuleki lokulawula insiza yesokunxele. Uma ufuna ukushayela ukhuphuke umthambeka omfushane ngaphambi kokungena endaweni yokupaka, ungakwazi ukulawula i-accelerator ngonyawo lwakho lwesokudla, bese unyathela ibhuleki ngonyawo lwangakwesokunxele ukuze ulawule imoto ukuthi iye phambili kancane ukuze ugweme ukushayisana ngemuva.
Isikhethi segiya eshintshwayo ilingana nelever yegiya eshintshwayo. Ngokuvamile, kunamagiya alandelayo: P (ukupaka), R (igiya elihlehlayo), N (ephakathi nendawo), D (phambili), S (noma2, okungu-2). igiya), L (noma1, okungukuthi, igiya lokuqala). Ukusetshenziswa kahle kwala magiya kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abahamba ngemoto ezishintshayo. Ngemva kokuqala imoto nge-automatic transmission, uma ufuna ukugcina ukusebenza okungcono kwe-accelerator, ungakwazi njalo ukugcina ukuvulwa kwe-accelerator enkulu, futhi ukudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo kuzokhuphukela egiyeni eliphezulu ngesivinini esiphezulu; uma ufuna ukuhamba okubushelelezi, ungakwazi ukuphakamisa kancane i-pedal yegesi ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ukudluliselwa kuzokhuphuka ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukugcina ama-rev enjini ephansi ngesivinini esifanayo kubangela ukonga okungcono nokugibela okuzolile. Ngalesi sikhathi, cindezela kancane i-pedal ye-accelerator ukuze uqhubeke nokusheshisa, futhi ukudluliselwa ngeke kubuyele egiyeni langempela ngokushesha. Lena imisebenzi ye-upshift ne-lag downshift eklanywe umklami ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka njalo. Qonda leli qiniso, ungajabulela injabulo yokushayela elethwa umshini ozishintshayo ngendlela othanda ngayo.
umnotho
Uma uthatha imoto yohlobo lwe-Audi njengesibonelo, lapho ushayela ngesivinini esingaguquki esingamakhilomitha angu-40 namakhilomitha angu-100 ngehora, isivinini senjini ngokuvamile singu-1800-2000 rpm, futhi sizokhuphukela ku-3000 rpm ngesikhathi sokusheshisa. Ngakho-ke, kungase kubhekwe ukuthi 2000 rpm - isivinini ukonga, engasetshenziswa njengendlela reference for ukudluliswa manual.
I-Comparative observation, 1.8 kanye ne-1.8T ezishintshayo ezishintshwayo zihamba ngesivinini esiphezulu kuleli giya ngalinye uma injini ingu-2000 rpm. Abanikazi abanethemba lokonga uphethiloli bangashintsha amagiya azungeze u-2000 rpm, kanti labo abaphishekela ugesi bangalibazisa ngokufanelekile ukushintshwa.
