Ukushintshashintsha kuyisifinyezo se-"shift lever operation method", esibhekisela enkambisweni yokusebenza lapho umshayeli eshintsha khona njalo indawo ye-shift lever ngezimo zomgwaqo kanye nesivinini semoto ngokuhamba okuhlukahlukene kwengqondo nokomzimba. Enkambisweni yokushayela yesikhathi eside, idluliselwe ngabantu ngenxa yegama layo elifushane neliqondile. Imvamisa yokusetshenziswa iphezulu kakhulu. Futhi ukuthi ukusebenza (ikakhulukazi imoto yokudlulisa ngesandla) kuthinta ngqo ukuphepha kokushayela kwabantu.
Indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "indlela yokusebenza kwe-shift lever" ikhawulelwe "ku-shift lever" ngokwayo; kuyilapho i-shifting ingagcini nje ngokufaka "indlela yokusebenza kwe-shift lever", kodwa okubaluleke kakhulu, ngesisekelo sokufeza umgomo (i-shift), kufaka phakathi ukulinganisa isivinini semoto, njll. Zonke izinqubo zokuziphatha zengqondo nezomzimba, kufaka phakathi izici.
Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokushintsha igiya zingafingqwa ngamagama ayisishiyagalombili: ngesikhathi esifanele, esifanele, esizinzile nesisheshayo.
Ngesikhathi: Yazi kahle isikhathi esifanele sokushintsha, okungukuthi, akufanele ukhulise igiya kusenesikhathi, futhi akufanele unciphise igiya sekwephuzile.
Kulungile: Iphedali ye-clutch, iphedali ye-accelerator kanye ne-gear lever kufanele kuhambisane kahle futhi kuhlanganiswe, futhi izindawo zazo kufanele zibe zinembile.
Izinzile: Ngemva kokushintsha igiya elisha, khulula i-clutch pedal ngesikhathi esifanele nangendlela ezinzile.
Okusheshayo: Isenzo kufanele sisheshe sinciphise isikhathi sokushintshwa, sinciphise ukulahleka kwamandla e-kinetic emotweni, futhi sinciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
sebenza
ibhulokhi
(1) Izinto ezibalulekile zokwengeza ibhlogo. Ngaphambi kokuba imoto inyuse igiya, ngokwezimo zomgwaqo kanye nezimoto, nyathela i-accelerator pedal kancane kancane bese ukhuphula ijubane lemoto kancane kancane. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi "ukusheshisa imoto". Uma ijubane lemoto lifanelekela ukushintshela egiya eliphezulu, phakamisa ngokushesha i-accelerator pedal, nyathela i-clutch pedal, bese uhambisa i-gear lever uye egiya eliphezulu; Gibela kahle. Ngokusho kwesimo, sebenzisa indlela efanayo ukushintshela egiya eliphezulu. Isihluthulelo sokwenyuka okubushelelezi usayizi "wemoto esheshisa". Ibanga "lemoto esheshisa" kufanele linqunywe ngokwezinga legiya elingeziwe. Uma igiya liphakeme, ibanga "lemoto esheshisa" liba lide. Uma "isheshisa", i-accelerator pedal kufanele isheshiswe kancane, futhi ijubane eliphakathi kufanele liphakanyiswe ngokushesha. Uma igiya lishintshwa, ngemva kokushintshela egiya eliphezulu, i-clutch pedal kufanele iphakanyiswe ngokushesha iye endaweni exhunywe kancane. Kufanele imiswe isikhashana bese iphakanyiswa kancane ukuze kwenziwe ukudluliselwa kwamandla kahle futhi kugwenywe ukubangela imoto "isheshise phambili" ngemva kokushintsha.
(2) Isikhathi sokwandisa. Uma imoto ishayela, inqobo nje uma izimo zomgwaqo nezimo zethrafikhi zivuma, kufanele ishintshelwe egiyeni eliphezulu ngesikhathi. Ngaphambi kokwandisa igiya, kufanele usheshise "imoto egijimayo" ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kunamandla anele okugcina imoto isebenza kahle ngemva kokushintsha. Uma "ukushesha" (isivinini semoto) kuncane kakhulu (kuphansi), kuzobangela amandla anganele kanye nokushaqeka ngemva kokushintsha; uma isikhathi "sokushesha" side kakhulu, injini izosebenza ngesivinini esikhulu isikhathi eside, okuzokwandisa ukuguguleka nokuncipha futhi kunciphise umnotho. Ngakho-ke, "imoto egijimayo" kufanele ibe efanele, futhi igiya kufanele lengezwe ngesikhathi. Isikhathi segiya kufanele sinqunywe ngokomsindo wenjini, isivinini namandla. Uma unyathela i-accelerator pedal ngemva kokushintsha, isivinini senjini siyehla futhi amandla awanele, kusho ukuthi isikhathi sokushintsha sisekusha kakhulu.
Ukulandelana kokusebenza: engeza igiya eliphansi kugiya eliphezulu, hlanza kahle uwoyela wemoto ukuze uhlale umile; isinyathelo esisodwa sokuthatha isinyathelo sesibili sokulenga, kanye nokuphakamisa okuthathu ukuze ugcwalise uphethiloli.
Amaphuzu okusebenza: phuthuma imoto ukuze usheshise ukuze uzwe umsindo, nyathela i-clutch bese ukhetha i-neutral; linda kuze kuzwakale umsindo kawoyela, bese unyathela i-clutch bese wengeza igiya.
i-downshift
(1) Izinto ezibalulekile zokunciphisa igiya. Khulula i-accelerator pedal, cindezela i-clutch pedal ngokushesha, hambisa i-gear lever iye ku-neutral, bese ukhulula i-clutch pedal, cindezela i-accelerator pedal ngokushesha ngonyawo lwakho lwesokudla (engeza "uwoyela ongenalutho"), bese ucindezela i-clutch pedal ngokushesha, hambisa i-gear lever iye ezingeni eliphansi. Giya, cindezela indlela yokuma kancane ukuze ukhulule i-clutch pedal, ukuze imoto iqhubeke nokushayela igiya elisha.
(2) Isikhathi sokwehlisa ijubane. Ngesikhathi sokushayela, uma uzizwa sengathi amandla enjini awanele futhi ijubane lemoto lehla kancane kancane, kusho ukuthi igiya lokuqala alisakwazi ukuqhubeka nokushayela okuvamile kwemoto, futhi kufanele ushintshele kugiya eliphansi ngesikhathi futhi ngokushesha. Uma ijubane lehlisiwe kakhulu, ungayeqa ijubane lokwehlisa ijubane.
Ukulandelana kokusebenza: yehlisa ibe yigiya eliphansi uma ufika kugiya, ungesabi uma ubona ijubane lemoto; isinyathelo esisodwa siphakamisa i-lift yesibili, bese isinyathelo sesithathu sishintsha uwoyela ukuze uqhubeke.
Amaphuzu okusebenza: thatha i-accelerator bese ukhetha i-neutral, bese uthulula uphethiloli ngokwejubane lemoto; ngenkathi umsindo kaphethiloli unganyamalali, cindezela i-clutch bese ushintshela kugiya eliphansi.
ukushintsha ngesandla
Emotweni yokudlulisa ngesandla, ukubaluleka kwe-clutch akunakwenqatshwa ukuze ushayele ngokukhululeka. Uma ushayela, ungayinyatheli i-clutch noma ubeke unyawo lwakho ephedalini le-clutch ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngaphandle kokuthi imoto iqala, ishintshashintsha futhi ibhuleki ngesivinini esiphansi, udinga ukunyathela i-clutch pedal.
Ukusebenza okulungile ekuqaleni. Izinto ezibalulekile zokusebenza kwephedali ye-clutch lapho uqala "ukuxhumanisa okukodwa okusheshayo, okubili okuhamba kancane, okuthathu". Okusho ukuthi, lapho iphedali iphakanyiswa, iphakanyiswa ngokushesha; lapho i-clutch ibonakala ixhumene kancane (umsindo wenjini uyashintsha ngalesi sikhathi), ijubane lokuphakamisa iphedali lihamba kancane; kusukela ekuxhumeni kuya ekuhlanganisweni okuphelele, iphedali iphakanyiswa kancane ku-clutch. Ngenkathi iphedali iphakanyisiwe, cindezela kancane kancane iphedali ye-accelerator ngokuya ngokumelana kwenjini, ukuze imoto iqale kahle.
Ukusebenza kahle lapho ushintsha amagiya. Uma ushintsha amagiya ngenkathi ushayela, i-clutch pedal kufanele inyathelwe ngokushesha futhi iphakanyiswe, futhi akufanele kube khona into yokuxhumanisa okuncane, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuguguleka kwe-clutch kuzosheshiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, naka ukubambisana ne-throttle lapho usebenza. Ukuze wenze ukushintsha kwegiya kube bushelelezi futhi kunciphise ukuguguleka kwendlela yokushintshana kwe-transmission kanye ne-clutch, kukhuthazwa "indlela yokushintshana ye-clutch enemilenze emibili". Nakuba le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa, iyindlela enhle yokonga imali ngokushayela.
Ukusetshenziswa okufanele lapho ubhuleka. Lapho ushayela imoto, ngaphezu kokubhuleka kwesivinini esiphansi ukuze umise i-clutch pedal, zama ukungacindezeli i-clutch pedal lapho ubhuleka ngaphansi kwezinye izimo.
Ukulawula ukudluliselwa ngesandla kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, futhi kunamakhono namathiphu athile. Ekufuneni amandla, isihluthulelo ukuqonda isikhathi sokushintsha bese uvumela imoto isheshise ngamandla. Ngokwemfundiso, lapho injini evamile iseduze ne-torque ephezulu, ukusheshisa yikho okuqabulayo kakhulu.
ukushintsha imoto okuzenzakalelayo
Ukushintsha igiya okuzenzakalelayo kulawulwa yikhompyutha, futhi ukusebenza kulula.
1. Uma ushayela emgwaqweni oqondile, ngokuvamile sebenzisa igiya elithi "D". Uma ushayela emgwaqweni ogcwele abantu edolobheni, shintshela kugiya lesithathu ukuze uthole amandla aqinile.
2. Bamba kahle ibhuleki lokulawula elisizayo lonyawo lwesobunxele. Uma ufuna ukushayela endaweni emfushane ngaphambi kokungena endaweni yokupaka, ungalawula i-accelerator ngonyawo lwakho lwesokudla, bese unyathela ibhuleki ngonyawo lwakho lwesobunxele ukuze ulawule imoto ukuthi iqhubekele phambili kancane ukuze ugweme ukushayisana ngemuva.
Isikhethi segiya sokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo silingana ne-lever yegiya yokudlulisa ngesandla. Ngokuvamile, kunezigiya ezilandelayo: P (ukupaka), R (igiya elingemuva), N (elingathathi hlangothi), D (phambili), S (noma2, okungu-2). igiya), L (noma1, okungukuthi, igiya lokuqala). Ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwalezi zigiya kubaluleke kakhulu kulabo abashayela imoto yokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo. Ngemva kokuqala imoto ngokudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo, uma ufuna ukugcina ukusebenza okungcono kokusheshisa, ungahlala ugcina ukuvuleka okukhulu kwe-accelerator, futhi ukudlulisa okuzenzakalelayo kuzokhuphukela egiya eliphezulu ngesivinini esiphezulu; uma ufuna ukuhamba kahle, ungaphakamisa kancane i-pedal yegesi ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ukudlulisa kuzoshintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo. Ukugcina injini iphenduka phansi ngesivinini esifanayo kuphumela ekongeni okungcono kanye nokugibela okuthule. Ngalesi sikhathi, cindezela kancane i-pedal ye-accelerator ukuze uqhubeke nokusheshisa, futhi ukudlulisa ngeke kubuyele egiya lokuqala ngokushesha. Lena imisebenzi yokushintsha okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokwehlisa okulahliwe eyenzelwe umklami ukuvimbela ukushintsha njalo. Qonda leli qiniso, ungajabulela injabulo yokushayela elethwa yi-automatic transmission ngendlela othanda ngayo.
umnotho
Uma sithatha imoto ye-Audi njengesibonelo, uma ushayela ngesivinini esingaguquki samakhilomitha angu-40 namakhilomitha ayi-100 ngehora, isivinini senjini ngokuvamile singu-1800-2000 rpm, futhi sizokhuphuka sifinyelele cishe ku-3000 rpm ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okusheshayo. Ngakho-ke, kungacatshangwa ukuthi isivinini esingu-2000 rpm siyisivinini esonga imali, esingasetshenziswa njengereferensi yokudlulisa ngesandla.
Ukuqhathanisa, izimoto ze-1.8 kanye ne-1.8T ezisebenzisa amandla zishayela ngokushesha kakhulu ngaleli jubane kugiya ngalinye lapho injini ingu-2000 rpm. Abanikazi abanethemba lokonga uphethiloli bangashintsha amagiya cishe ngo-2000 rpm, kuyilapho labo abaphishekela amandla bengalibazisa ukushintsha.
