Indlela ijeneretha yezimoto esebenza ngayo
Isimiso esiyinhloko sokusebenza kwejeneretha yezimoto sisekelwe emthethweni wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic. I-alternating current ikhiqizwa ukunyakaza okuhlobene kwe-rotor ne-stator, bese iguqulwa ibe yi-direct current yi-rectifier yokusetshenziswa kwemoto.
Umsebenzi othize ungahlukaniswa ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo ezibalulekile:
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nokusungulwa kwensimu yamagnetic
Injini ishayela i-generator rotor ngebhande ukuze ijikeleze (ukufakwa kwamandla omshini), kanti ama-windings ajabulisayo ku-rotor akhiqiza insimu yamagnetic ngemva kokunikezwa amandla (i-N pole kanye ne-S pole zisatshalaliswa ngokushintshana).
Esigabeni sokuqala (ngesivinini esiphansi), ibhethri linikeza ugesi wokuvuselela (inqubo ehlukile yokuvuselela) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi insimu kazibuthe imisiwe.
ukukhiqizwa kwe-induction kagesi
Lapho i-rotor ijikeleza, insimu yayo yamagnetic iyahamba uma iqhathaniswa ne-stator winding, futhi umugqa we-magnetic inductance ku-stator winding uyasikwa ukuze kukhiqizwe i-alternating current yesigaba esithathu.
Ama-windings e-stator asatshalaliswa nge-engela kagesi yama-degrees angu-120, okuthuthukisa ukulingana kwe-AC yesigaba ezintathu.
I-Rectifier kanye nokukhipha
Ukukhishwa kwamandla kagesi okushintshana yi-stator kuguqulwa kube amandla kagesi aqondile ngebhuloho lokulungisa (ngokuvamile isakhiwo samashubhu angu-6 noma angu-9) esakhiwe ngama-diode, asetshenziswa imishini yemoto futhi ashaje ibhethri.
Ama-rectifier aklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa ukugeleza kwamanje okuqondile, njengejeneretha enamashubhu ayisishiyagalolunye ethuthukisa iluphu yokuvuselela ngama-diode engeziwe.
Ukulawulwa Kwe-Voltage kanye Nokulawulwa Kokuqina
Umlawuli we-voltage ulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo ugesi wokuvuselela ngokwesimo sebhethri kanye nesidingo somthwalo, futhi ugcina i-voltage yokukhipha iphakathi kuka-13.8-14.8V.
Uma ijubane lejeneretha liphezulu ngokwanele (isigaba sokuzivuselela) futhi i-voltage yokuphuma ilinganiswe ne-voltage yebhethri, inkomba yokushaja ivaliwe, okubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lusebenza kahle.
isandiso sobuchwepheshe: amajeneretha ezimoto zesimanje avame ukuhlanganisa imodyuli yokulawula ehlakaniphile, ehlanganiswe nebhasi le-CAN ukuze kufezwe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngendlela efanele. Umklamo udinga ukulinganisela ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngesivinini esiphansi nokusebenza kokushisa ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu, futhi amanye amamodeli asebenzisa ama-alternator angenamabhulashi ukunciphisa izidingo zokulungisa.
I-voltage evamile yokusebenza kwejeneretha yemoto ivame ukuba phakathi kwama-volts angu-13.5-14.5, inani elithile lizolungiswa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokuya ngokusetha komlawuli we-voltage kanye nesivinini senjini.
Isitatimende esiyinhloko
Ububanzi be-voltage obujwayelekile
I-voltage yokukhipha i-generator yezimoto eziningi zabagibeli (uhlelo lwe-12V) izinzile kuma-volts angu-13.5-14.5, okuyibanga eliphephile le-voltage yokushaja entantayo yebhethri, engaqinisekisa ukuphakelwa kwamandla kwemishini kagesi futhi igweme ukushaja ngokweqile.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile (njengemva kokuqala okubandayo), kungase kube nokushintshashintsha kwesikhashana kwama-volt angu-12.6-14.5, kodwa akuvamile uma kuqhubeka nokudlula leli banga.
Umphumela we-voltage engavamile
ngaphansi kwama-volts angu-13: Ibhethri lishajwa kancane, okungase kubangele ubunzima ekuqaliseni noma ukunikezwa kwamandla okungazinzile kudivayisi kagesi
iphakeme kune-14.5 volts: isheshisa ukuhwamuka kwe-electrolyte yebhethri, ifinyeze impilo yebhethri le-lead-acid, futhi ingashisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi
Izincomo zokuhlola
Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala i-voltage yokukhipha yejeneretha. Ngemva kokuqalisa injini, yigcine ku-2000 RPM. Uma isisetshenziswa sikagesi semoto sivaliwe, i-voltage kufanele iqine ku-14.2±0.3 volts
Uma i-voltage ingajwayelekile, hlola i-rectifier, i-voltage regulator, kanye nokuqina kwebhande
Qaphela: "Ama-volt angu-17-15" kanye neminye imininingwane eshiwo emiphumeleni yokusesha ayihambisani, futhi ngemva kokuqinisekiswa okuphambene, kutholakala ukuthi avela eziteshini ezingaphansi kwegunya futhi awahambisani nezindinganiso ezijwayelekile zokulungisa izimoto, ngakho awamukelwa.
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