Iyini ivalvu yokungenisa nokukhipha imoto
I-valve yokungenisa kanye neyokukhipha imoto iyingxenye ebalulekile yenjini, enesibopho sokulawula inqubo yokungenisa kanye nokukhipha injini.
Izincazelo kanye nemisebenzi yama-valve okungenisa nawokukhipha umoya
(I-Intake Valve): Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-intake valve ukudonsa umoya enjinini, uwuxube nophethiloli bese uwushisa ukuze unikeze injini amandla. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-intake valve kulawulwa yi-camshaft ukuqinisekisa ukufinyelela komoya okubushelelezi ku-cylinder .
I-Exhaust Valve : umsebenzi we-exhaust valve ukukhipha igesi yokukhipha umoya ngemva kokusha enjinini, kuyilapho kusiza ekukhipheni ukushisa nokugcina ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-exhaust valve kulawulwa yi-camshaft .
Umehluko phakathi kwama-valve okungenisa kanye nama-exhaust
Umehluko wokusebenza: I-valve yokungenisa umoya inesibopho sokungenisa umoya, kuyilapho i-valve yokukhipha umoya inesibopho segesi yokukhipha umoya. I-valve yokungenisa umoya ngokuvamile inkulu kune-valve yokukhipha umoya ngoba umoya omningi udinga ukubanjwa.
Izici zomzimba: I-valve yokungenisa imvamisa itholakala ohlangothini lwenjini eduze kohlelo lokungenisa, kanti i-valve yokukhipha igesi itholakala ekugcineni eduze kohlelo lokukhipha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo we-valve yokungenisa igesi uvame ukuba mkhulu kunowe-valve yokukhipha igesi.
Umgomo wokusebenza wama-valve okungenisa kanye nokukhipha umoya
Inqubo yokungenisa: lapho i-valve yokungenisa ivuliwe, umoya ungena kwisilinda ngesihlungi somoya bese uxutshwa nophethiloli okhishwa yi-nozzle yokujova uphethiloli ukuze kushiswe.
Inqubo yokukhipha ugesi: igesi yokukhipha ugesi ngemva kokusha ikhishwa nge-valve yokukhipha ugesi, futhi isuse ingxenye yokushisa ukusiza injini ifudumale.
Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe kwama-valve okungenisa kanye nawokukhipha ugesi
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe, ubuchwepheshe bama-valve amaningi busetshenziswa kabanzi. Izinjini zesimanje zivame ukuba nama-valve amaningi ngesilinda ngayinye, njengama-valve amane noma ngaphezulu, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa kanye nekhwalithi yokushisa. Lo mklamo uvumela uwoyela negesi ukuthi kuxubane ngokulinganayo futhi kushise ngokugcwele, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwenjini kanye nokonga uphethiloli.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko yevalvu yokungena kwemoto kanye nevalvu yokukhipha umoya ihlanganisa ukulawula ukungena komoya kanye nophethiloli, ukukhishwa kwegesi yokukhipha umoya kanye nokushabalalisa ukushisa. Ivalvu yokungenisa umoya inesibopho sokudonsa umoya enjinini, ukuwuxuba nophethiloli bese uyishisa ukuze inikeze injini amandla; Ivalvu yokukhipha umoya inesibopho sokukhipha igesi yokukhipha umoya ngemva kokusha, futhi isiza injini ukuthi ishabalalise ukushisa, igcine izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lifanelekile.
Isenzo se-valve yokungenisa
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-intake valve ukudonsa umoya enjinini bese uwuxuba nophethiloli ukuze ushiswe. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-intake valve kulawulwa yi-camshaft yenjini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kudonswa umoya owanele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla .
I-valve yokungenisa imvamisa iklanyelwe ukuba ibe nkulu ukuze idonse umoya omningi njengoba i-piston yehla.
Indima yevalvu yokukhipha umoya
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wevalvu yokukhipha umoya ukukhipha igesi ephuma enjinini ngemva kokusha nokusiza injini ukuthi ikhiphe ukushisa. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwevalvu yokukhipha umoya kulawulwa yi-camshaft, okuqinisekisa ukuthi igesi ephumayo ikhishwa ngesikhathi esifanele ukuvimbela injini ukuthi ingashisi kakhulu. Umklamo wevalvu yokukhipha umoya mncane kakhulu futhi ugxile kugesi okhipha umoya osebenza kahle.
Umgomo wokusebenza kanye nezici zesakhiwo sama-valve okungena nawokukhipha umoya
Amavalvu okungenisa kanye nawokukhipha umoya avulwa futhi avalwe ngokulawulwa kwe-camshaft. I-camshaft iqhuba ukunyakaza kwevalvu ngokuhamba komshini ukuze kufezwe ukushintsha kwevalvu yokungenisa kanye nevalvu yokukhipha umoya. Ivalvu yokungenisa umoya ivulwa lapho i-piston ihambela phansi ukuze iphefumule umoya; Ivalvu yokukhipha umoya ivuleka lapho i-piston ihambela phezulu ukuze ikhiphe igesi yokukhipha umoya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuchwepheshe bama-valve amaningi busetshenziswa nasezinjinini zezimoto zesimanje, ezinama-valve amaningi ngesilinda ngayinye ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa kanye nokukhipha umoya.
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