Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-radiator ezimoto: i-aluminium kanye nethusi, eyokuqala isetshenziselwa izimoto zabagibeli ezivamile, kanti eyesibili isetshenziselwa izimoto ezinkulu zezentengiselwano.
Izinto zokusebenzisa i-radiator yezimoto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza kuthuthuke ngokushesha. Ngezinzuzo zayo ezisobala ezintweni ezilula, ama-radiator e-aluminium athathe indawo yama-radiator ethusi kancane kancane emkhakheni wezimoto nezimoto ezilula. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza i-radiator yethusi kanye nobuchwepheshe buthuthuke kakhulu. Ama-radiator e-brazing ethusi asetshenziswa ezimotweni zabagibeli, imishini yobunjiniyela, amaloli asindayo kanye nezinye i-radiator zenjini zinezinzuzo ezisobala. Iningi lama-radiator ezimoto zakwamanye amazwe ama-radiator e-aluminium, ikakhulukazi ngokombono wokuvikela imvelo (ikakhulukazi emazweni aseYurophu naseMelika). Ezimotweni ezintsha zaseYurophu, isilinganiso sama-radiator e-aluminium singama-64% ngokwesilinganiso. Ngokombono wamathemba okuthuthukiswa kokukhiqizwa kwe-radiator yezimoto ezweni lakithi, inani lama-radiator e-aluminium akhiqizwa yi-brazing liyanda kancane kancane. Ama-heat sink ethusi a-brazed nawo asetshenziswa emabhasini, emalolini nakwezinye izinto zobunjiniyela.
isakhiwo
I-radiator yezimoto iyinto ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile ohlelweni lokupholisa lwenjini epholiswe ngamanzi yezimoto, futhi ithuthuka ngendlela elula, esebenza kahle kakhulu futhi eyongayo. Izakhiwo ze-radiator yezimoto nazo zihlala zivumelana nentuthuko entsha.
Ingaphakathi le-radiator ye-tube-fin lakhiwe ngamapayipi amaningi amancane okupholisa kanye nama-fin. Iningi lamapayipi okupholisa lenziwe nge-cross-section eyisicaba ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nomoya futhi kwandiswe indawo yokudlulisa ukushisa.
Ingaphakathi le-radiator kufanele libe nendawo eyanele yokugeleza ukuze kuvunyelwe i-coolant ukuthi idlule, futhi kufanele futhi libe nendawo eyanele yokugeleza komoya ukuze kuvunyelwe umoya owanele ukuthi udlule ukuze kususwe ukushisa okudluliselwe kusuka ku-coolant kuya ku-radiator. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumele libe nendawo eyanele yokushabalalisa ukushisa ukuze kuqedwe ukushintshana kokushisa phakathi kwe-coolant, umoya kanye nesinki yokushisa.
Ama-radiator e-tube-ne-belt enziwe ngemichilo eqeda ukushisa ehlanganisiwe kanye namapayipi okupholisa ahlelwe ngokushintshana futhi ashiselwe.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-radiator ye-tube-and-fin, i-radiator ye-tube-and-belt ingandisa indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa cishe ngo-12% ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezimbobo ezifana ne-louver ebhandeni elishabalalisa ukushisa ukuze kuphazamiseke ukuhamba komoya ukuze kubhujiswe ukugeleza komoya ebusweni bebhande elishabalalisa ukushisa. Isendlalelo sokunamathela phezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushabalalisa ukushisa.
isimiso
Umsebenzi wesistimu yokupholisa imoto ukugcina imoto ingaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elifanele ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo zokusebenza. Uhlelo lokupholisa lwemoto luhlukaniswe ngokupholisa umoya kanye nokupholisa amanzi. Uhlelo olupholile emoyeni olusebenzisa umoya njengendawo yokupholisa lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo olupholile emoyeni, kanye nohlelo olupholile ngamanzi olusebenzisa uketshezi lokupholisa njengendawo yokupholisa. Ngokuvamile uhlelo lokupholisa amanzi luqukethe ipompo yamanzi, i-radiator, ifeni yokupholisa, i-thermostat, ibhakede lokubuyisela, ibhlogo lenjini, ijakethi yamanzi ekhanda lesilinda, kanye namanye amadivayisi asekelayo. Phakathi kwawo, i-radiator inesibopho sokupholisa amanzi ajikelezayo. Amapayipi ayo amanzi kanye nezinki zokushisa zenziwe kakhulu nge-aluminium, amapayipi amanzi e-aluminium enziwe ngesimo esiyisicaba, kanti izinki zokushisa ziboshwe, zigxile ekusebenzeni kokushisa. Ukumelana nomoya kufanele kube kuncane futhi ukusebenza kahle kokupholisa kufanele kube phezulu. I-coolant igeleza ngaphakathi kwe-core ye-radiator bese umoya udlula ngaphandle kwe-core ye-radiator. Isibandisi esishisayo siyaphola ngokukhipha ukushisa emoyeni, bese umoya obandayo ushisa ngokumunca ukushisa okunikezwa yisibandisi, ngakho-ke i-radiator iyi-heat exchanger.
ukusetshenziswa nokugcinwa
1. I-radiator akufanele ithintane nanoma yiziphi izakhiwo ze-asidi, i-alkali noma ezinye izinto ezibolayo.
2. Kunconywa ukusebenzisa amanzi athambile, futhi amanzi aqinile kufanele athambe ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka kwangaphakathi kwe-radiator kanye nokukhiqizwa kwesikali.
3. Sebenzisa i-antifreeze. Ukuze ugweme ukugqwala kwe-radiator, sicela usebenzise i-antifreeze yesikhathi eside elwa nokugqwala ekhiqizwa abakhiqizi abavamile futhi ngokuhambisana nezindinganiso zikazwelonke.
4. Ngesikhathi sokufaka i-radiator, sicela ungalimazi ibhande lokushabalalisa ukushisa (ishidi) bese ushaya i-radiator ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyakwazi ukushabalalisa ukushisa kanye nokuvala.
5. Uma i-radiator isikhishwe amanzi ngokuphelele bese igcwaliswa ngamanzi, vula inkinobho yokukhipha amanzi ye-engine block kuqala, bese uyivala uma amanzi ephuma, ukuze ugweme amabhamuza.
6. Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, izinga lamanzi kufanele lihlolwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi amanzi kufanele engezwe ngemva kokuba umshini umisiwe ukuze uphole. Uma ufaka amanzi, vula kancane isembozo sethangi lamanzi, futhi opharetha kufanele ahlale kude nendawo yokungena amanzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze avimbele ukushisa okubangelwa umusi ocindezelayo ophuma endaweni yokungena amanzi.
7. Ebusika, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi ingxenye engaphakathi ingaphuki ngenxa yokubanda, njengokupaka isikhathi eside noma ukupaka ngokungaqondile, isembozo sethangi lamanzi kanye neswishi yokukhulula amanzi kufanele kuvalwe ukuze kukhishwe wonke amanzi.
8. Indawo ephumelelayo yerediyetha eyisipele kufanele igcinwe inomoya futhi yomile.
9. Kuye ngesimo sangempela, umsebenzisi kufanele ahlanze ngokuphelele ingxenye engaphakathi yerediyetha zingakapheli inyanga eyodwa kuya kwezintathu. Uma uhlanza, hlanza ngamanzi ahlanzekile ngendlela yokungena komoya ebuyela emuva.
10. Igeyiji yezinga lamanzi kufanele ihlanzwe njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 noma kuye ngesimo sangempela, ingxenye ngayinye isuswe bese ihlanzwa ngamanzi afudumele kanye nensipho yokuwasha engaboli.
Amanothi ngokusetshenziswa
Ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-LLC (Long Life Coolant) kunqunywa ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa elithile lesifunda ngasinye. Futhi, i-LLC (Long Life Coolant) kumele ishintshwe njalo.
Umsakazo womhleli wekhava yerediyetha yemoto
Isembozo serediyetha sinevalvu yokucindezela ecindezela i-coolant. Izinga lokushisa le-coolant ngaphansi kwengcindezi likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-100°C, okwenza umehluko phakathi kwezinga lokushisa le-coolant kanye nezinga lokushisa lomoya ube mkhulu nakakhulu. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukupholisa. Lapho ingcindezi yerediyetha ikhuphuka, ivalvu yokucindezela iyavuleka bese ithumela i-coolant emuva emlonyeni wedamu, futhi lapho irediyetha icindezelwe, ivalvu yokuvaleka iyavuleka, okuvumela idamu ukuthi likhiphe i-coolant. Ngesikhathi sokwanda kwengcindezi, ingcindezi iyakhuphuka (izinga lokushisa eliphezulu), futhi ngesikhathi sokunciphisa ukucindezeleka, ingcindezi iyancipha (iphola).
Ukusakazwa kokuhlela ngokwezigaba kanye nokugcinwa
Ama-radiator ezimoto ngokuvamile ahlukaniswe ngokupholisa amanzi kanye nokupholisa umoya. Ukushabalalisa ukushisa kwenjini epholile emoyeni kuncike ekujikelezeni komoya ukuze kususwe ukushisa ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokushabalalisa ukushisa. Ingaphandle lebhulokhi yesilinda yenjini epholile emoyeni laklanywa futhi lakhiqizwa libe yisakhiwo esifana neshidi eliminyene, ngaleyo ndlela landisa indawo yokushabalalisa ukushisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushabalalisa ukushisa kwenjini. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezipholile ngamanzi, izinjini ezipholile emoyeni zinezinzuzo zesisindo esincane kanye nokulungiswa okulula.
Ukushabalaliswa kokushisa okupholiswe ngamanzi ukuthi i-radiator yethangi lamanzi inesibopho sokupholisa i-coolant ngokushisa okuphezulu kwenjini; umsebenzi wephampu yamanzi ukuhambisa i-coolant ohlelweni lonke lokupholisa; ukusebenza kwefeni kusebenzisa izinga lokushisa elizungezile ukuze kushaye ngqo ku-radiator, okwenza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ku-radiator. I-coolant iyapholiswa; i-thermostat ilawula isimo sokugeleza kwe-coolant. I-reservoir isetshenziselwa ukugcina i-coolant.
Uma imoto isebenza, uthuli, amaqabunga, kanye nemfucumfucu kungasala kalula ebusweni be-radiator, kuvimbe ama-radiator blades futhi kunciphise ukusebenza kwe-radiator. Kulokhu, singasebenzisa ibhulashi ukuhlanza, noma singasebenzisa iphampu yomoya enomfutho ophezulu ukuqeda ukoma okuku-radiator.
Ukulungiswa
Njengengxenye yokudlulisa ukushisa kanye nokuqhuba ukushisa ngaphakathi emotweni, i-radiator yemoto idlala indima ebalulekile emotweni. Izinto ze-radiator yemoto ziyi-aluminium noma ithusi, kanti i-core ye-radiator yingxenye yayo eyinhloko, equkethe i-coolant. , i-radiator yemoto iyi-heat exchanger. Ngokuphathelene nokugcinwa nokulungiswa kwe-radiator, iningi labanikazi bezimoto lazi okuncane kuphela ngayo. Ake ngilethe ukulungiswa nokulungiswa kwe-radiator yemoto yansuku zonke.
I-radiator kanye nethangi lamanzi kusetshenziswa ndawonye njengethuluzi lokushabalalisa ukushisa emotweni. Ngokuphathelene nezinto zazo, insimbi ayimelani nokugqwala, ngakho-ke kufanele igwenywe ukuthi ingathintani nezixazululo ezigqwalisayo njenge-asidi ne-alkali ukuze kugwenywe umonakalo. Kuma-radiator ezimoto, ukuvaleka kuyiphutha elivame kakhulu. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kokuvaleka, kufanele kufakwe amanzi athambile kuwo, futhi amanzi aqinile kufanele athambe ngaphambi kokujova, ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka kwe-radiator yemoto okubangelwa isikali. Ebusika, isimo sezulu siyabanda, futhi i-radiator kulula ukuyiqandisa, ukuyikhulisa nokuyiqandisa, ngakho-ke i-antifreeze kufanele ifakwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuqandisa kwamanzi. Ekusetshenzisweni kwansuku zonke, izinga lamanzi kufanele lihlolwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi amanzi kufanele engezwe ngemva kokuba umshini umisiwe ukuze uphole. Lapho ufaka amanzi ku-radiator yemoto, isembozo sethangi lamanzi kufanele sivulwe kancane, futhi umnikazi nabanye abaqhubi kufanele bagcine imizimba yabo kude nendawo yokugcwalisa amanzi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kugwenywe ukusha okubangelwa ukuphuma kukawoyela negesi okushisa okuphezulu okucindezelayo endaweni yokuphuma kwamanzi.
