Iyini ipompo yemoto
Iphampu yamanzi yemoto iyingxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yokupholisa injini, indima eyinhloko ukushayela i-impeller ukuthi ijikeleze, ukuze i-coolant ijikeleze enjinini, ukuze injini igcine izinga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza. Iphampu ivame ukwakhiwa umzimba wephampu, i-impeller, indandatho yokuthwala kanye neyokuvala nezinye izingxenye, umgomo wayo osebenzayo ukukhiqiza amandla e-centrifugal ngokujikeleza kwe-impeller, i-coolant ikhishwa ethangini lamanzi bese ithunyelwa enjinini, yakha umjikelezo.
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamaphampu ezimoto, okuhlanganisa amaphampu emishini namaphampu kagesi. Iphampu kagesi iqhutshwa yi-crankshaft yenjini, elula ngesakhiwo kodwa idla inani elithile lamandla enjini futhi ikhiqiza umsindo. Iphampu kagesi iqhutshwa yimoto kagesi, enganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla enjini futhi inciphise umsindo, ikakhulukazi ekugcineni ukugeleza kwamanzi okuzinzile ngesivinini esiphansi futhi kungasebenzi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto zephampu nazo zihlukile, njengazo zonke amaphampu e-aluminium alloy namaphampu epulasitiki, anezici zokumelana nokugqwala okulula nokuphezulu, ngokulandelana.
Uma iphampu ihluleka, ingabangela izinkinga ezifana nokushisa ngokweqile noma ukuvuza kwamanzi enjinini, okuzothinta ukusebenza kwayo okuvamile. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo kwephampu kuyisihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini.
Iphampu yamanzi yemoto idlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokupholisa, futhi umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukushayela ukujikeleza kwe-coolant ukuqinisekisa ukuthi injini igcina izinga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene. Ngokwandisa ingcindezi ye-coolant, iphampu iqinisekisa ukuhamba kahle kwe-coolant kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yokupholisa, ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaza ukujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwe-coolant phakathi kwe-radiator kanye ne-engine block, okusiza ngempumelelo ukushabalalisa ukushisa kwenjini.
Indlela yokusebenza yepompo ukuzungeza i-bearing kanye ne-impeller ngebhande lenjini, bese ushayela i-coolant ephampini ukuze izungeziswe ndawonye. Ngaphansi kwesenzo somphumela we-centrifugal, i-coolant iphonswa emaphethelweni egobolondo lepompo, bese ikhiqiza ingcindezi ehambisanayo, bese ekugcineni igeleza iphume ngomsele wamanzi noma ipayipi lamanzi. Kunezindlela eziningi zamanzi esilinda senjini yemoto zokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa, futhi lezi zindlela zamanzi zixhunywe ku-radiator engaphambili kwemoto ngepayipi lamanzi, zakha uhlelo olukhulu lokujikeleza kwamanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukuba ne-thermostat eduze kwephampu. Uma imoto isanda kuqala, i-thermostat iyacinywa, futhi amanzi apholile ajikeleza ngaphakathi kwenjini kuphela futhi awagelezi ethangini lamanzi. Lapho izinga lokushisa lenjini lifinyelela inani elithile (ngokuvamile lingaphezu kwama-degrees angu-95), i-thermostat iyavuleka, amanzi ashisayo enjinini angeniswa ethangini lamanzi, bese umoya obandayo emotweni ugeleza ethangini lamanzi ukuze kufezwe ukushabalaliswa kokushisa okuphumelelayo.
Umthelela wokufakwa kwephampu yamanzi enjinini awunakunakwa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iphampu ingahluleka ngenxa yokuguga, izivalo ezigugayo noma amabheringi alimele, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokujikeleza kwe-coolant, okungabangela ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ukulimala kwenjini. Ngakho-ke, ukushintshwa kwephampu ngesikhathi esifanele kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokulungisa, okungagwema ukulimala kwenjini okubangelwa ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa futhi kwandise impilo yenjini.
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