Isimiso somshini wokufaka umoya opholile emotweni
Isifinyezo: Uhlelo lokupholisa umoya wemoto luyithuluzi lokwenza umoya opholile, ofudumalayo, oshintshaniswayo kanye nokuhlanzwa komoya emotweni. Lunganikeza abagibeli indawo yokushayela ekhululekile, lunciphise ukukhathala kwabashayeli, futhi luthuthukise ukuphepha kokushayela. Imishini yokupholisa umoya isibe ngenye yezinkomba zokulinganisa ukuthi imoto iphelele yini. Uhlelo lokupholisa umoya wemoto lwakhiwe yi-compressor, i-air conditioner blower, i-condenser, i-liquid storage dryer, i-expansion valve, i-evaporator kanye ne-blower, njll. Leli phepha liveza kakhulu isimiso se-air conditioner yemoto.
Njengoba ukufudumala komhlaba kanye nokuthuthuka kwezidingo zabantu endaweni yokushayela, izimoto eziningi kakhulu zihlonyiswe ngezinhlelo zokupholisa umoya. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2000, ama-78% ezimoto ezithengisiwe e-United States naseCanada ayehlonyiswe nge-air conditioner, futhi manje kulinganiselwa ukuthi okungenani ama-90% ezimoto ane-air conditioner, ngaphezu kokuletha indawo yokushayela ekhululekile kubantu. Njengomsebenzisi wemoto, umfundi kufanele aqonde isimiso sayo, ukuze izimo eziphuthumayo zixazululwe ngempumelelo nangokushesha.
1. Isimiso sokusebenza sohlelo lokuqandisa izimoto
Umgomo wokusebenza kohlelo lokuqandisa umoya wezimoto
1, isimiso sokusebenza sohlelo lokuqandisa umoya wezimoto
Umjikelezo wohlelo lokuqandisa umoya olupholisa izimoto uqukethe izinqubo ezine: ukucindezela, ukukhulula ukushisa, ukubhoboza kanye nokumuncwa kokushisa.
(1) Inqubo yokucindezela: i-compressor idonsa igesi efrijini ephansi kanye nengcindezi ephansi endaweni yokukhipha i-evaporator, iyicindezele ibe yigesi eshisayo nengcindezi ephezulu, bese iyithumela ku-condenser. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale nqubo ukucindezela nokucindezela igesi ukuze kube lula ukuyincibilikisa. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela, isimo se-refrigerant asishintshi, futhi izinga lokushisa kanye nengcindezi kuyaqhubeka nokwenyuka, kwakha igesi eshisayo kakhulu.
(2) Inqubo yokukhulula ukushisa: igesi yesiqandisi esishisayo kakhulu esinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu ingena kwi-condenser (i-radiator) ukuze ishintshe ukushisa nomoya. Ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa, igesi yesiqandisi iyazihlanganisa ibe uketshezi futhi ikhiphe ukushisa okukhulu. Umsebenzi wale nqubo ukukhipha ukushisa kanye nokuqina. Inqubo yokuzihlanganisa ibonakala ngokushintsha kwesimo sesiqandisi, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela okuqhubekayo kanye nokushisa, kancane kancane ishintsha kusuka kugesi iye kuketshezi. Uketshezi lwesiqandisi ngemva kokuzihlanganisa luwuketshezi oluphezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Uketshezi lwesiqandisi luyaphola kakhulu, futhi lapho izinga lokuphola kakhulu likhula, kulapho ikhono lokuhogela likhula khona ukuze limunce ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhogela, futhi umphumela wokuphola ungcono, okungukuthi, ukwanda okuhambisanayo kokukhiqiza okubandayo.
(3) inqubo yokubhoboza: uketshezi olubandayo olunomfutho ophezulu kanye nolwelo olubandayo olunokushisa okuphezulu lubhobozwa nge-valve yokunweba ukuze kuncishiswe izinga lokushisa kanye nokucindezela, bese idivayisi yokunweba isuswa enkungwini (amaconsi amancane). Indima yale nqubo ukupholisa i-refrigerant nokunciphisa ingcindezi, kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nolwelo olunomfutho ophezulu kuya kolwelo olunomfutho ophansi, ukuze kube lula ukumuncwa kokushisa, ukulawula amandla okufriji kanye nokugcina ukusebenza okuvamile kwesistimu yokufriji.
4) Inqubo yokumunca ukushisa: uketshezi oluyimpuphu oluyisiqandisi ngemva kokupholisa nokucindezela yi-valve yokwandisa lungena ku-evaporator, ngakho-ke izinga lokubila le-refrigerant liphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa elingaphakathi ku-evaporator, ngakho-ke uketshezi oluyisiqandisi luyahwamuka ku-evaporator bese lubila lube yigesi. Enqubweni yokuhwamuka ukuze umunce ukushisa okuningi nxazonke, yehlisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi emotweni. Ngemuva kwalokho izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye negesi yesiqandisi esinomfutho ophansi iphuma ku-evaporator bese ilinda i-compressor ukuthi iphinde iphefumule. Inqubo ye-endothermic ibonakala ngesimo sesiqandisi esishintsha kusuka kuketshezi kuya kugesi, futhi ingcindezi ayishintshi ngalesi sikhathi, okungukuthi, ushintsho lwalesi simo lwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela okuqhubekayo.
2, uhlelo lokuqandisa umoya olusebenzisa umoya wezimoto ngokuvamile lwakhiwe ngama-compressor, ama-condenser, ama-dryer okugcina uketshezi, ama-expansion valve, ama-evaporator nama-blower. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1, izingxenye zixhunywe ngamapayipi erabha ethusi (noma i-aluminium) kanye nomfutho ophezulu ukuze kwakhiwe uhlelo oluvaliwe. Lapho uhlelo olubandayo lusebenza, izimo ezahlukene zememori yokuqandisa ziyajikeleza kulolu hlelo oluvaliwe, futhi umjikelezo ngamunye unezinqubo ezine eziyisisekelo:
(1) Inqubo yokucindezela: i-compressor ihogela igesi efrijini endaweni yokuphuma ye-evaporator ekushiseni okuphansi kanye nokucindezela, bese iyicindezela ibe yi-compressor yokususa igesi eshisa kakhulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu.
(2) Inqubo yokukhulula ukushisa: igesi yesiqandisi eshisa kakhulu enokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomfutho ophezulu ingena kwi-condenser, bese igesi yesiqandisi iqiniswa ibe uketshezi ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi kanye nokushisa, bese kukhishwa ukushisa okuningi.
(3) inqubo yokubhoboza: Ngemva kokuba uketshezi lwesiqandisi olunokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela ludlule kudivayisi yokwandisa, ivolumu iba nkulu, ingcindezi kanye nokushisa kwehla kakhulu, bese idivayisi yokwandisa isuswa enkungwini (amaconsi amancane).
(4) Inqubo yokumunca ukushisa: uketshezi oluyimpuphu oluyisiqandisi lungena ku-evaporator, ngakho-ke izinga lokubila lesiqandisi liphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa elingaphakathi ku-evaporator, ngakho-ke uketshezi lwesiqandisi luyahwamuka lube yigesi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhwamuka, inani elikhulu lokushisa liyamuncwa nxazonke, bese kuthi izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomusi ophansi wesiqandisi ungena ku-compressor.
2 Isimiso sokusebenza se-blower
Ngokuvamile, umshini wokufaka umoya emotweni uyi-centrifugal blower, futhi isimiso sokusebenza se-centrifugal blower sifana nesefeni ye-centrifugal, ngaphandle kokuthi inqubo yokucindezela umoya ivame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal ngokusebenzisa ama-impeller amaningana asebenzayo (noma izigaba eziningana). I-blower ine-rotor ejikelezayo ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi i-blade e-rotor iqhuba umoya ukuthi uhambe ngesivinini esikhulu. Amandla e-centrifugal enza ukugeleza komoya uye endaweni yokukhipha umoya eduze komugqa we-involute ngesimo se-involute se-casing, futhi ukugeleza komoya ngesivinini esikhulu kunomfutho othile womoya. Umoya omusha ugcwaliswa kabusha phakathi nendawo yendlu.
Ngokwethiyori, ijika elibonisa ukuhamba komfutho we-centrifugal blower liwumugqa oqondile, kodwa ngenxa yokumelana nokungqubuzana nokunye ukulahlekelwa ngaphakathi kwefeni, ijika langempela lokucindezela kanye nokuhamba komfutho liyancipha kancane ngokukhuphuka kwesilinganiso sokugeleza, kanti ijika elihambisanayo lokugeleza kwamandla lefeni ye-centrifugal liyakhuphuka ngokukhuphuka kwesilinganiso sokugeleza. Lapho ifeni isebenza ngesivinini esingaguquki, indawo yokusebenza yefeni izohamba ngejika elibonisa ukuhamba komfutho. Isimo sokusebenza kwefeni ngesikhathi sokusebenza asixhomekile ekusebenzeni kwayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezicini zesistimu. Lapho ukumelana kwenethiwekhi yepayipi kukhula, ijika lokusebenza kwepayipi lizoba likhudlwana. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokulawulwa kwefeni ukuthola izimo zokusebenza ezidingekayo ngokushintsha ijika lokusebenza lefeni uqobo noma ijika elibonisa inethiwekhi yepayipi yangaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zifakwa emotweni ukusiza imoto isebenze ngokujwayelekile lapho ishayela ngesivinini esiphansi, isivinini esiphakathi kanye nesivinini esiphezulu.
Isimiso sokulawula i-Blower
2.1 Ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo
Uma inkinobho "ezenzakalelayo" yebhodi lokulawula umoya opholile icindezelwa, ikhompyutha yomoya opholile ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ijubane lomshini ophehlayo ngokuya ngokushisa komoya okudingekayo.
Uma isiqondiso sokugeleza komoya sikhethiwe "ebusweni" noma "esiqondisweni sokugeleza okubili", futhi umshini wokuphefumula usesimeni sejubane eliphansi, isivinini somshini wokuphefumula sizoshintsha ngokuya ngamandla elanga ngaphakathi kobubanzi obunqunyelwe.
(1) Ukusebenza kokulawula isivinini esiphansi
Ngesikhathi sokulawula isivinini esiphansi, ikhompyutha epholisa umoya inqamula i-base voltage ye-power triode, bese kuthi i-power triode kanye ne-ultra-high speed relay nazo zinqanyulwe. Ugesi ugeleza usuka ku-blower motor uye ekuphikisweni kwe-blower, bese uthatha insimbi ukuze wenze imoto isebenze ngesivinini esiphansi.
Ikhompyutha yomoya opholile inezingxenye ezi-7 ezilandelayo: ibhethri eli-1, iswishi yokushisa emibili, i-heater relay engu-3, i-blower motor, i-blower resistor engu-5, i-transistor engu-6 yamandla, i-fuse wire engu-7 yokushisa, ikhompyutha yomoya opholile engu-8, i-relay engu-9 yesivinini esikhulu.
(2) Ukusebenza kokulawula isivinini esiphakathi
Ngesikhathi sokulawula isivinini esimaphakathi, i-power triode ihlanganisa i-fuse yokushisa, evikela i-triode ekulimaleni ngokweqile. Ikhompyutha yomoya opholile ishintsha ugesi oyisisekelo we-power triode ngokushintsha isignali yokushayela i-blower ukuze kufezwe injongo yokulawula okungenantambo kwesivinini se-blower motor.
3) Ukusebenza kokulawula okushesha kakhulu
Ngesikhathi sokulawula isivinini esikhulu, ikhompyutha yomoya opholile inqamula i-base voltage ye-power triode, i-connector yayo engu-40 tie iron, bese i-high-speed relay ivuliwe, bese ugesi ovela ku-blower motor ugeleza nge-high-speed relay, bese uye ku-tie iron, okwenza imoto ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu.
2.2 Ukushisa
Esimweni sokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, inzwa yokushisa ebekwe engxenyeni engezansi ye-heater core ibona izinga lokushisa le-coolant futhi yenza ukulawula kokushisa kwangaphambili. Lapho izinga lokushisa le-coolant lingaphansi kuka-40 ° C futhi iswishi ezenzakalelayo ivuliwe, ikhompyutha yokupholisa umoya ivala i-blower ukuze ivimbele umoya obandayo ukuthi ungaphumi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa le-coolant lingaphezu kuka-40 ° C, ikhompyutha yokupholisa umoya iqala i-blower futhi iyenze ijikeleze ngesivinini esiphansi. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, isivinini se-blower silawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngokugeleza komoya okubaliwe kanye nokushisa komoya okukhiphayo okudingekayo.
Ukulawula ukushisa kwangaphambilini okuchazwe ngenhla kuyatholakala kuphela uma ukugeleza komoya kukhethwa ohlangothini "oluphansi" noma "oluphindwe kabili".
2.3 Ukulawulwa kokugeleza komoya okulibazisekile (kokupholisa kuphela)
Ukulawulwa kokugeleza komoya okubambezelekile kusekelwe ekushiseni okungaphakathi kwesiqandisi okutholwe yinzwa yokushisa ye-evaporator.
Ukulawula ukuhamba komoya kungavimbela ukukhishwa komoya oshisayo ngengozi kusuka ku-air conditioner. Lo msebenzi wokulawula ukubambezeleka wenziwa kanye kuphela lapho injini iqalwa futhi kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezilandelayo: 1 ukusebenza kwe-compressor; Vula ukulawula okubili komoya ophehlayo esimweni "esizenzakalelayo" (ukuvula ngokuzenzakalelayo); 3 Ukulawula ukuhamba komoya esimweni "sobuso"; Lungisa ku-"Face" ngeswishi yobuso, noma usethe ku-"face" kulawulo oluzenzakalelayo; 4 Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-cooler liphakeme kuno-30℃
Ukusebenza kokulawula ukugeleza komoya okulibazisekile kungokulandelayo:
Ngisho noma zonke lezi zimo ezine ezingenhla zihlangatshezwa futhi injini isiqalisiwe, injini yokufutha ayikwazi ukuqaliswa ngokushesha. Injini yokufutha inomehluko wama-4s, kodwa i-compressor kumele ivulwe, futhi injini kumele iqaliswe, futhi igesi yesiqandisi kumele isetshenziselwe ukupholisa i-evaporator. Injini yokufutha yangemuva yama-4s iyaqala, isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi esikhathini sama-5s okuqala, futhi kancane kancane ishesha iye esivinini esiphezulu esikhathini sama-6s sokugcina. Lo msebenzi uvimbela ukukhishwa okungazelelwe komoya oshisayo ovela emthonjeni womoya, okungabangela ukuguguleka.
Amazwi okuvala
Uhlelo oluphelele lokupholisa umoya olulawulwa yikhompyutha yemoto lungalungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuhlanzeka, ukuziphatha kanye nokuphefumula komoya emotweni, futhi lwenze umoya emotweni ugeleze ngesivinini esithile kanye nesiqondiso ukuze kuhlinzekwe indawo yokushayela enhle kubagibeli, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi abagibeli basesimweni somoya okhululekile ngaphansi kwezimo nezimo ezahlukahlukene zangaphandle. Lungavimbela ingilazi yefasitela ukuthi ingaqandi, ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukugcina umbono ocacile, futhi anikeze isiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokushayela ngokuphephile.
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