.Isimiso se-automobile air conditioning blower
I-Abstract: Isistimu ye-air conditioning yemoto iyisisetshenziswa sokubona ukupholisa, ukufudumeza, ukushintshana komoya kanye nokuhlanzwa komoya enqoleni. Inganikeza indawo yokushayela enethezekile kubagibeli, inciphise ukukhathala kwabashayeli, futhi ithuthukise ukuphepha kokushayela. Imishini yokupholisa umoya isiphenduke enye yezinkomba zokukala ukuthi imoto isiphelele yini. I-Automobile air conditioning system yakhiwe nge-compressor, i-air conditioning blower, i-condenser, isomisi sokugcina uketshezi, i-valve yokwandisa, i-evaporator ne-blower, njll. Leli phepha lethula ngokuyinhloko isimiso sokufutha umoya wemoto.
Ngenxa yokufudumala kwembulunga yonke kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezidingo zabantu ngendawo yokushayela, ziyanda izimoto ezifakwe izinhlelo zokupholisa umoya. Ngokwezibalo, ngo-2000, u-78% wezimoto ezidayiswa e-United States naseCanada zifakwe umoya, futhi manje kulinganiselwa ukuthi okungenani u-90% wezimoto une-air-conditioning, ngaphezu kokuletha ukunethezeka. ukushayela imvelo kubantu. Njengomsebenzisi wemoto, umfundi kufanele aqonde isimiso sayo, ukuze izimo eziphuthumayo zingaxazululwa ngempumelelo futhi ngokushesha.
1. Isimiso sokusebenza sohlelo lwesiqandisi sezimoto
Isimiso sokusebenza se-automobile air conditioning refrigeration system
1, umgomo wokusebenza wesistimu yesiqandisi se-air conditioning yemoto
Umjikelezo wesistimu yesiqandisi se-air conditioning yezimoto uqukethe izinqubo ezine: ukucindezela, ukukhululwa kokushisa, ukudonsa kanye nokumunca ukushisa.
(1) Inqubo yokucindezela: i-compressor ihogela izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye negesi yefriji ephansi yokucindezela ekuphumeni kwe-evaporator, iyicindezele ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye negesi ephezulu yokucindezela, bese uyithumela ku-condenser. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wale nqubo ukucindezela nokucindezela igesi ukuze kube lula ukucwilisa. Phakathi nenqubo yokucindezela, isimo sesiqandisi asishintshi, futhi izinga lokushisa nokucindezela kuyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, kwakha igesi eshisa kakhulu.
(2) Inqubo yokukhishwa kokushisa: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye negesi yesiqandisi eshisa kakhulu ngomfutho omkhulu ingena ku-condenser (i-radiator) yokushintshaniswa kokushisa nomkhathi. Ngenxa yokwehliswa kokucindezela nezinga lokushisa, igesi yesiqandisi iyajiya ibe uketshezi futhi ikhiphe ukushisa okukhulu. Umsebenzi wale nqubo ukuxosha ukushisa nokujiya. Inqubo ye-condensation ibonakala ngoshintsho esimweni sesiqandisi, okungukuthi, ngaphansi kwesimo sokucindezela okuqhubekayo nokushisa, kancane kancane ishintsha isuka kugesi iye kuketshezi. I-liquid efrijini ngemva kokufingqa ingcindezi ephezulu kanye noketshezi lokushisa eliphezulu. Uketshezi oluyisiqandisi lupholile kakhulu, futhi lapho izinga lokupholisa okukhulu likhulu, amandla amakhulu okuhwamuka ukuze amunce ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhwamuka, futhi kuba ngcono umphumela wesiqandisi, okungukuthi, ukwanda okuhambisanayo kokukhiqizwa okubandayo.
(3) inqubo ye-throttling: umfutho ophezulu kanye noketshezi olushisa kakhulu okushisa okushisa lukhishwa nge-valve yokwandisa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa nokucindezela, futhi idivayisi yokwandisa iqedwa inkungu (amaconsi amancane). Indima yenqubo ukupholisa isiqandisi nokunciphisa ukucindezela, kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye noketshezi olucindezelayo kuya oketshezini lokushisa oluphansi lokushisa, ukuze kube lula ukumuncwa kokushisa, ukulawula umthamo wesiqandisi nokugcina ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesiqandisi. uhlelo.
4) Inqubo yokumunca ukushisa: uketshezi lwesiqandisi senkungu ngemva kokupholisa nokucindezelwa yi-valve yokwandisa lungena ku-evaporator, ngakho-ke indawo yokubilisa yesiqandisi iphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-evaporator, ngakho-ke uketshezi oluyisiqandisi luyahwamuka ku-evaporator bese lubilisa phakathi. igesi. In the inqubo ukuhwamuka ukumunca eziningi ukushisa nxazonke, ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi emotweni. Khona-ke izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye negesi efrijini yokucindezela okuphansi kugeleza ku-evaporator bese ilinda i-compressor ukuthi ihogele futhi. Inqubo yokuphela kwe-endothermic ibonakala ngesimo sesiqandisi esishintshayo sisuka ku-liquid siye ku-gaseous, futhi ingcindezi ayishintshi ngalesi sikhathi, okungukuthi, ukuguqulwa kwalesi simo kwenziwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela njalo.
2, uhlelo lwesiqandisi se-air conditioning yezimoto ngokuvamile lwakhiwa ama-compressor, ama-condensers, okomisa uketshezi okugcinwa kulo, ama-valve okunweba, ama-evaporator nama-blower. Njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1, izingxenye zixhunywe ngethusi (noma i-aluminium) namashubhu erabha anomfutho ophezulu ukuze zenze uhlelo oluvaliwe. Lapho uhlelo olubandayo lusebenza, izifunda ezihlukene zenkumbulo yesiqandisi zizungeza kulesi simiso esivaliwe, futhi umjikelezo ngamunye unezinqubo ezine eziyisisekelo:
(1) Inqubo yokucindezela: i-compressor ihogela igesi eyisiqandisi endaweni yokuphuma kwe-evaporator ekushiseni okuphansi nokucindezela, bese iyicindezela ibe yi-compressor yokukhishwa kwegesi ephezulu yokushisa nokucindezela okuphezulu.
(2) Inqubo yokukhishwa kokushisa: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye negesi ebanda kakhulu eshisa kakhulu ingena ku-condenser, futhi igesi yesiqandisi ifinyezwa ibe uketshezi ngenxa yokuncipha kokucindezela nezinga lokushisa, futhi kukhishwa ukushisa okukhulu.
(3) inqubo ye-throttling: Ngemva kokuba uketshezi lwesiqandisi olunokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela ludlula kudivayisi yokwandisa, ivolumu iba nkulu, ukucindezela kanye nezinga lokushisa kwehla kakhulu, futhi idivayisi yokwandisa iqedwa enkungu (amaconsi amancane).
(4) Inqubo yokumunca ukushisa: uketshezi lwesiqandisi senkungu lungena ku-evaporator, ngakho indawo yokubilisa yesiqandisi iphansi kakhulu kunezinga lokushisa elingaphakathi kwe-evaporator, ngakho uketshezi oluyisiqandisi luyahwamuka lube igesi. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhwamuka, ukushisa okukhulu kudonswa nxazonke, bese izinga lokushisa eliphansi kanye nomusi ophansi we-refrigerant umusi ungena ku-compressor.
2 Umgomo wokusebenza we-blower
Imvamisa, i-blower emotweni iyi-centrifugal blower, futhi umgomo wokusebenza kwe-centrifugal blower ufana ne-centrifugal fan, ngaphandle kokuthi inqubo yokucindezela komoya ivame ukwenziwa ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla we-centrifugal ngokusebenzisa ukusebenza okuningana. ama-impellers (noma izigaba eziningana). I-blower ine-rotor egijima ngesivinini esiphezulu, futhi i-blade ku-rotor ishayela umoya ukuze uhambe ngesivinini esikhulu. I-centrifugal force yenza ukugeleza komoya ku-outlet yefeni eduze komugqa we-involute esimweni se-involute se-casing, futhi ukugeleza komoya okunesivinini esikhulu kunomfutho othile womoya. Umoya omusha ugcwaliswa phakathi nendawo yezindlu.
Uma sikhuluma ngokwethiyori, ijika lesici sesici sokugeleza kwengcindezi ye-centrifugal blower iwumugqa oqondile, kodwa ngenxa yokumelana nokungqubuzana nokunye ukulahlekelwa ngaphakathi kwefeni, ijika langempela lokucindezela nokugeleza liyancipha kancane ngokunyuka kwezinga lokugeleza, futhi ijika elihambisanayo lokugeleza kwamandla kwefeni ye-centrifugal liyakhuphuka ngokunyuka kwezinga lokugeleza. Uma ifeni isebenza ngesivinini esingaguquki, indawo yokusebenza yefeni izohamba eduze kwejika lesici sokugeleza kwengcindezi. Isimo sokusebenza se-fan ngesikhathi sokusebenza asixhomekile kuphela ekusebenzeni kwayo, kodwa futhi nezici zesistimu. Lapho ukumelana kwenethiwekhi yamapayipi kwanda, ijika lokusebenza kwepayipi lizokhuphuka. Umgomo oyisisekelo wokulawula abalandeli ukuthola izimo zokusebenza ezidingekayo ngokushintsha ijika lokusebenza kwefeni ngokwayo noma ijika lesici lenethiwekhi yamapayipi angaphandle. Ngakho-ke, ezinye izinhlelo ezihlakaniphile zifakwe emotweni ukusiza imoto ukuthi isebenze ngokujwayelekile lapho ishayela ngesivinini esiphansi, isivinini esiphakathi kanye nesivinini esikhulu.
Isimiso sokulawula isiqhumiso
2.1 Ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo
Lapho inkinobho "ezenzakalelayo" yebhodi lokulawula isimo somoya icindezelwa, ikhompyutha ye-air conditioning ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isivinini se-blower ngokuvumelana nezinga lokushisa lomoya elidingekayo.
Uma isiqondiso sokugeleza komoya sikhethwa "ebusweni" noma "isiqondiso sokugeleza okubili", futhi i-blower isesimweni sejubane eliphansi, isivinini sokushaywa sizoshintsha ngokuvumelana namandla elanga ngaphakathi kwebanga lomkhawulo.
(1) Ukusebenza kokulawula isivinini esiphansi
Ngesikhathi sokulawula isivinini esiphansi, ikhompuyutha efaka umoya opholile inqamula i-voltage eyisisekelo ye-triode yamandla, futhi i-triode yamandla kanye ne-ultra-high speed relay nakho kuyanqanyulwa. I-current igeleza isuka ku-blower motor iye kokumelana ne-blower, bese ithatha insimbi ukwenza injini igijime ngesivinini esiphansi.
Ikhompyutha ye-air conditioning inezingxenye ezingu-7 ezilandelayo: ibhethri eli-1, i-2 switch ignition, 3 heater relay, blower motor, 5 blower resistor, 6 power transistor, 7 lokushisa fuse wire, 8 air conditioning computer, 9 high speed relay.
(2) Ukusebenza kokulawula isivinini esiphakathi
Ngesikhathi sokulawula isivinini esiphakathi, i-triode yamandla ihlanganisa i-fuse yezinga lokushisa, evikela i-triode emonakalweni wokushisa ngokweqile. Ikhompyutha ye-air conditioning ishintsha isisekelo samanje se-triode yamandla ngokushintsha isignali ye-blower drive ukuze ifinyelele injongo yokulawula okungenantambo kwesivinini se-blower motor.
3) Ukusebenza kokulawula ngesivinini esikhulu
Ngesikhathi sokulawula ngesivinini esikhulu, ikhompuyutha yesipholisa-moya inqamula i-voltage eyisisekelo ye-triode yamandla, isixhumi sayo esingunombolo 40 tie iron, futhi i-relay enesivinini esikhulu iyavulwa, futhi i-current evela ku-blower motor igeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. i-relay, bese iya ku-tie iron, okwenza injini ijikeleze ngesivinini esikhulu.
2.2 Ukushisa kuqala
Esimeni sokulawula okuzenzakalelayo, inzwa yezinga lokushisa egxilile engxenyeni engezansi ye-heater core ibona izinga lokushisa lesipholile futhi yenza ukulawula ukushisa kwangaphambili. Lapho izinga lokushisa elipholile lingaphansi kuka-40 ° C futhi inkinobho ezenzakalelayo ivuliwe, ikhompuyutha yesilonda somoya ivala isiphephetha-moya ukuvimbela umoya obandayo ukuthi ungaphumi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa elipholile lingaphezu kuka-40 ° C, ikhompyutha ye-air conditioning iqala isiphephetha-moya futhi iyenze ijikeleze ngesivinini esiphansi. Kusukela lapho, isivinini se-blower silawulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuya ngokugeleza komoya okubaliwe kanye nezinga lokushisa lomoya elidingekayo.
Ukulawula ukushisa kwangaphambili okuchazwe ngenhla kuba khona kuphela uma ukugeleza komoya kukhethwe endaweni ethi "phansi" noma "ukugeleza okukabili".
2.3 Ukulawulwa kokugeleza komoya okubambezelekile (okokupholisa kuphela)
Ukulawula ukugeleza komoya okubambezelekile kusekelwe ezingeni lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesipholile esitholwe inzwa yezinga lokushisa elihwamukayo. ukubambezela
Ukulawula ukugeleza komoya kungavimbela ukuphuma komoya oshisayo ngengozi ku-air conditioner. Lo msebenzi wokulawula ukubambezeleka wenziwa kanye kuphela lapho injini iqalwa futhi kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezilandelayo :1 ukusebenza kwe-compressor; Vula isilawuli se-blower esi-2 esimweni "sokuzenzakalelayo" (ukuvula okuzenzakalelayo); 3 Ukulawula ukugeleza komoya esimweni "sobuso"; Lungisa "Ebusweni" ngokusebenzisa iswishi yobuso, noma usethe "kubuso" ekulawuleni okuzenzakalelayo; 4 Izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwe-cooler lingaphezulu kuka-30℃
Ukusebenza kokulawula ukugeleza komoya okubambezeleke kanjena:
Noma ngabe zonke lezi zimo ezine ezingenhla zihlangatshezwana nazo futhi injini isiqalisiwe, isithuthuthu sokufutha asikwazi ukuqaliswa ngokushesha. I-blower motor inomehluko wama-4s, kodwa i-compressor kufanele ivulwe, futhi injini kufanele iqalwe, futhi igesi efrijini kufanele isetshenziselwe ukupholisa i-evaporator. I-4s rear blower motor iqala, isebenza ngesivinini esiphansi ngesikhathi sokuqala sama-5s, futhi kancane kancane isheshisa isivinini esikhulu esikhathini se-6s sokugcina. Lokhu kusebenza kuvimbela ukuphuma kungazelelwe komoya oshisayo ku-vent, okungabangela ukuyaluza.
Amazwi okuvala
Isistimu ye-air conditioning yemoto elawulwa ngekhompuyutha ingakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukuhlanzeka, ukuziphatha kanye nokungena komoya emotweni, futhi yenze umoya osemotweni ugeleze ngesivinini esithile kanye nokuqondisa ukuze unikeze indawo enhle yokushayela abagibeli, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi abagibeli basendaweni yomoya enethezekile ngaphansi kwezimo nezimo ezihlukahlukene zangaphandle. Ingakwazi ukuvimbela ingilazi yefasitela ukuthi iqhwa, ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukugcina umbono ocacile, futhi anikeze isiqinisekiso esiyisisekelo sokushayela okuphephile.
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