Ngabe isilawuli sesigaba sokuphuma sisebenza kanjani?
Isimiso sokusebenza somlawuli wesigaba sokukhipha umoya ikakhulukazi ngokufaka isiphethu sokubuya, isiqondiso se-torque siphambene nokuqondisa kwe-torque yangaphambili ye-camshaft, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isilawuli sesigaba sokuqeda amandla singabuya ngokujwayelekile. Ekusebenzeni kwenjini, ngokushintsha okuqhubekayo kwesimo sokusebenza, isigaba se-camshaft sidinga ukulungiswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi isiphethu sokubuya sizojikeleza ngokushintshana ngokulungiswa kwesigaba. Lokhu kunyakaza kungase kuholele ekuqhekekeni kokukhathala kwentwasahlobo ebuyayo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukuhlola ubunzima obukhulu obuvezwa intwasahlobo yokubuya lapho usebenza ukuze unqume isici sokuphepha sokukhathala entwasahlobo.
Umgomo wokusebenza wesilawuli sesigaba sokukhipha umoya uhlanganisa nomqondo wesigaba sevalvu yenjini, okungukuthi, isikhathi sokuvula nesokuvala kanye nobude besikhathi sokuvula samavalvu angenisayo nawokukhipha umoya amelwe i-crankshaft Angle. Isigaba se-valve ngokuvamile simelelwa umdwebo oyindilinga we-crank Angle ehlobene nendawo ephakathi nendawo efile engaphezulu, engabonakala njengenqubo yokuhogela nokukhipha umzimba womuntu. Umsebenzi oyinhloko womshini we-valve ukuvula nokuvala ama-valve okungenisa kanye nokukhipha umoya we-cylinder ngayinye ngokomkhawulo wesikhathi esithile, ukuze kufezeke yonke inqubo yokunikezwa kokushintshana komoya kwe-cylinder yenjini.
Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza eziqondile zobuchwepheshe, njengobuchwepheshe be-VTEC, ngokulungiswa okuhlakaniphile kohlelo lokulawula i-elekthronikhi, ingabona ukushintsha okuzenzakalelayo kwamaqembu amabili amakhamera e-valve ahlukene ngesivinini esiphansi nangesivinini esikhulu, ukuze ivumelane nezidingo izimo zokushayela ezihlukene zokusebenza kwenjini. Isimiso sokusebenza se-VTEC siwukuthi lapho injini iguqulwa isuka ejubaneni eliphansi iye kwijubane eliphezulu, ikhompuyutha ye-elekthronikhi iqondisa kahle umfutho kawoyela ku-camshaft yokudonsa, futhi ishayela i-camshaft ukuthi ijikelezise iye phambili naphambili ebangeni lama-degree angama-60 ngokuzungeza. ye-turbine encane, ngaleyo ndlela ishintsha isikhathi sokuvula i-valve yokungena ukuze kuzuzwe injongo yokuqhubeka nokulungisa isikhathi se-valve. Lobu buchwepheshe buthuthukisa ngempumelelo amandla omlilo, bukhuphule amandla okukhipha amandla, futhi bunciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nentuthu ephumayo.
Iyini indima yesilawuli sesigaba se-exhaust?
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesilawuli sesigaba sokukhipha umoya ukulungisa isigaba se-camshaft ngokuvumelana nezinguquko ezimweni zokusebenza zenjini, ukuze ulungise umthamo wokukhipha kanye nokukhipha amandla, ukulawula isikhathi sokuvula nokuvala kanye ne-Angle ye-valve, bese ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenjini, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle komlilo, nokwandisa amandla enjini. .
Isilawuli sesigaba se-exhaust sibona ukwenziwa kahle kokusebenza kwenjini ngomgomo wayo wokusebenza. Ngokusebenza okungokoqobo, lapho injini ivaliwe, isilawuli sesigaba sokuthatha sisesimweni esisalele kakhulu, futhi isilawuli sesigaba sokukhipha umoya sisesimweni esithuthuke kakhulu. I-camshaft yenjini izungeza ibheke lapho kukhona khona i-lag ngaphansi kwesenzo setorque eya phambili ephambene newashi. Ukuze isilawuli sesigaba sokuqeda amandla, isikhundla saso sokuqala sisesimweni esiphezulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke i-torque ye-camshaft kufanele inqotshwe ukuze ibuyele endaweni yokuqala lapho injini imisiwe. Ukuze unike amandla isilawuli sesigaba sokuqeda amandla ukuze sibuyele ngokujwayelekile, isiphethu sokubuya sivame ukufakwa kuso, futhi isiqondiso saso se-torque siphambene nokuqondisa kwe-torque yangaphambili ye-camshaft. Lapho injini isebenza, ngokushintsha okuqhubekayo kwesimo sokusebenza, isigaba se-camshaft sidinga ukulungiswa ngokuqhubekayo, futhi intwasahlobo yokubuya izojikeleza ngokushintshana ngokulungiswa kwesigaba. Lo msebenzi usiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenjini, okuhlanganisa amandla angeziwe, i-torque kanye nokunciphisa ukungcola okuyingozi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuklama nokusebenzisa izilawuli zesigaba sokukhipha umoya kuhlanganisa nokuhambisana nemithetho yokukhipha umoya wenjini. Isilawuli sesigaba se-camshaft sisetshenziswe kabanzi enjinini kaphethiloli ngokulawulwa okuqinile kokukhipha umoya wezimoto. Ngokuqhubeka nokulungisa i-engeli enqwabelene ye-valve, isilawuli sesigaba se-camshaft singakwazi ukulawula ngokuguquguqukayo nangempumelelo ukwehla kwamandla emali enjini kanye nenani legesi ekhipha umoya eyinsalela kusilinda, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwenjini futhi kunciphise ukungcola okuyingozi.
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