Inzwa ye-oxygen yemoto.
Inzwa ye-oxygen yezimoto iyinzwa eyinhloko yempendulo ohlelweni lokulawula injini ye-EFI, futhi iyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula ukukhishwa komoya ophuma emotweni, ukunciphisa ukungcola kwemvelo yezimoto nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokushiswa kukaphethiloli kwenjini yezimoto.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zezinzwa ze-oxygen, i-zirconia kanye ne-titanium dioxide.
Inzwa ye-oxygen ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibucayi ze-ceramic ukukala amandla e-oxygen ezithandweni zokushisa ezahlukahlukene noma emapayipini okukhipha umoya, ukubala ukuhlushwa kwe-oxygen okuhambisanayo ngomgomo wokulinganisela kwamakhemikhali, ukuqapha nokulawula isilinganiso sokushisa komoya-fuel esithandweni, ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nezindinganiso zokukhishwa komoya wezinto zokulinganisa, ezisetshenziswa kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokushisa kwamalahle, ukushisa uwoyela, ukushisa igesi kanye nokunye ukulawula umoya wesithando.
Inzwa ye-oxygen isetshenziselwa ukulawula ngogesi uhlelo lokulawula impendulo yedivayisi yokufaka uphethiloli ukuthola ukugcwala kwe-oxygen kugesi ophumayo kanye nobuningi besilinganiso somoya-fuel, ukuqapha isilinganiso somoya-fuel esisekelwe ku-theory (14.7:1) enjinini, kanye nokuthumela izimpawu zempendulo kukhompyutha.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Inzwa ye-oxygen isebenza ngendlela efanayo nebhethri, lapho i-element zirconia esenzwa isebenza njenge-electrolyte. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza sithi: ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile (izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye ne-platinum catalysis), umehluko wokuhlushwa kwe-oxygen phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-Hao oxide usetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza umehluko ongaba khona, futhi uma umehluko wokuhlushwa umkhulu, umehluko ongaba khona umkhulu. Okuqukethwe kwe-oxygen emkhathini kungu-21%, igesi yokukhipha umoya ngemva kokushisa okugxilile empeleni ayinayo i-oxygen, kanti igesi yokukhipha umoya ekhiqizwa ngemva kokushisa kwengxube encibilikisiwe noma igesi yokukhipha umoya ekhiqizwa ukuntuleka komlilo iqukethe i-oxygen eningi, kodwa isencane kakhulu kune-oxygen esemkhathini.
Ngaphansi kokulungiswa kokushisa okuphezulu kanye neplatinum, umoya-mpilo oxhunywe ku-sensor ye-oxygen uyasetshenziswa, ngakho-ke umehluko we-voltage uyakhiqizwa, i-voltage yokukhipha yengxube egxilile iseduze ne-1V, kanti ingxube encibilikisiwe iseduze ne-0V. Ngokusho kwesignali ye-voltage ye-sensor ye-oxygen, isilinganiso somoya-fuel silawulwa ukulungisa ububanzi be-pulse yokujova uphethiloli, ngakho-ke ukulawulwa kwe-elekthronikhi kwe-sensor ye-oxygen kuyinzwa eyisihluthulelo yokulinganisa uphethiloli. Inzwa ye-oxygen ingachazwa ngokugcwele kuphela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ukuphela kufinyelela ngaphezu kuka-300 ° C) futhi ingakhipha i-voltage. Isabela ngokushesha kakhulu ezinguqukweni zengxube cishe ku-800 ° C.
Amathiphu
Inzwa ye-oxygen ye-zirconium dioxide ibonisa ushintsho lokuhlushwa kwengxube evuthayo ngokushintsha kwe-voltage, kanti inzwa ye-oxygen ye-titanium dioxide ibonisa ushintsho lwengxube evuthayo ngokushintsha kokumelana. Uhlelo lokulawula lwe-elekthronikhi olusebenzisa inzwa ye-oxygen ye-zirconia alukwazi ukulawula isilinganiso sangempela somoya-fuel eduze kwesilinganiso somoya-fuel lapho isimo sokusebenza kwenjini siwohloka, kanti inzwa ye-oxygen ye-titanium dioxide ingalawula nesilinganiso sangempela somoya-fuel eduze kwesilinganiso somoya-fuel lapho isimo sokusebenza kwenjini siwohloka.
Umthamo womjovo (ububanzi be-injection pulse) olungiswa yiyunithi yokulawula ngesikhathi esifushane ngokwesignali yenzwa ye-oxygen ubizwa ngokuthi ukulungiswa kukaphethiloli wesikhathi esifushane, okulawulwa yi-voltage yokuphuma kwenzwa ye-oxygen.
Ukulungiswa kukaphethiloli kwesikhathi eside yinani elinqunywa ukuguqulwa kweyunithi yokulawula kwesakhiwo sedatha yokusebenza kweyunithi yokulawula ngokuya ngoshintsho lwe-coefficient yokulungiswa kukaphethiloli yesikhathi esifushane.
Iphutha elivamile
Uma inzwa ye-oxygen ingasebenzi, ikhompyutha yesistimu yokufaka uphethiloli kagesi ayikwazi ukuthola ulwazi lokuhlushwa kwe-oxygen epayipini lokukhipha umoya, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukulawula impendulo yesilinganiso somoya-fuel, okuzokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli wenjini kanye nokungcola kokukhipha umoya, futhi injini izobonakala ijubane elingazinzile lokungenzi lutho, ukuntuleka komlilo, ukukhuphuka komoya kanye nezinye izimo zamaphutha. Ngakho-ke, iphutha kumele lisuswe noma lishintshwe ngesikhathi esifanele [1].
Iphutha lobuthi
Ubuthi benzwa ye-oksijini buyinto evamile futhi kunzima ukuyivimbela ukwehluleka, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa njalo kwezimoto zikaphethiloli ezine-lead, ngisho nenzwa ye-oksijini entsha, ingasebenza amakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbalwa kuphela. Uma kungubuthi obuncane be-lead, khona-ke ukusebenzisa ithangi likaphethiloli elingenalo i-lead kungasusa i-lead ebusweni benzwa ye-oksijini bese kuyibuyisela ekusebenzeni okuvamile. Kodwa-ke, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kokukhipha umoya, i-lead ingena ngaphakathi kwayo, ivimbele ukusabalala kwama-ion e-oxygen, okwenza inzwa ye-oxygen ingasebenzi, ngaleso sikhathi ingashintshwa kuphela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthi be-silicon bezinzwa ze-oxygen nakho kuyinto evamile. Ngokuvamile, i-silica ekhiqizwa ngemva kokusha kwamakhemikhali e-silicon aqukethwe kuphethiloli namafutha okugcoba, kanye negesi ye-silicone ekhishwa ukusetshenziswa okungafanele kwama-gasket okuvala irabha ye-silicone kuzokwenza inzwa ye-oxygen yehluleke, ngakho-ke uphethiloli wekhwalithi enhle namafutha okugcoba kufanele asetshenziswe.
Uma ulungisa, kubalulekile ukukhetha nokufaka ama-gasket enjoloba ngendlela efanele, ungafaki izinyibilikisi kanye nama-anti-stick agents ngaphandle kwalawo achazwe umenzi ku-sensor, njll. Ngenxa yokusha kabi kwenjini, kwakheka ama-carbon deposits ebusweni be-sensor ye-oxygen, noma uwoyela noma uthuli kanye nezinye izinsalela zifakwa ngaphakathi kwe-sensor ye-oxygen, okuzophazamisa noma kuvimbele umoya wangaphandle ungene ngaphakathi kwe-sensor ye-oxygen, ukuze isignali yokukhipha ye-sensor ye-oxygen ingalingani. I-ECU ayikwazi ukulungisa isilinganiso somoya-fuel ngesikhathi. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-carbon deposits kubonakala kakhulu njengokwanda kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokwanda okukhulu kokuhlushwa kokukhishwa komoya. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma i-sediment isuswa, izobuyela emsebenzini ojwayelekile.
Ukuqhekeka kwe-ceramic
I-ceramic yenzwa ye-oxygen iqinile futhi iyaphuka, futhi ukungqongqoza ngezinto eziqinile noma ukuvunguza komoya onamandla kungenza iqhekeke futhi yehluleke. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela kakhulu lapho ubhekene nezinkinga futhi uzishintshe ngesikhathi.
Ucingo lwebhulokhi lushisiwe
Intambo yokumelana ne-heater iyasha. Kwinzwa ye-oxygen eshisayo, uma intambo yokumelana ne-heater isha, kunzima ukwenza inzwa ifinyelele izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokusebenza bese ilahlekelwa umsebenzi wayo.
Ukunqanyulwa komugqa
Isekethe yangaphakathi yenzwa ye-oxygen inqanyuliwe.
Indlela yokuhlola
Ukuhlolwa kokumelana ne-heater
Susa ipulaki ye-harness ye-oxygen sensor, bese usebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala ukumelana phakathi kwe-heater pole kanye ne-iron pole ku-terminal ye-oxygen sensor. Inani lokumelana lingu-4-40Ω (bheka imiyalelo yemodeli ethile). Uma ingahlangabezani nezindinganiso, shintsha i-oxygen sensor.
Ukulinganiswa kwe-voltage yempendulo
Uma kulinganiswa i-voltage yempendulo ye-sensor ye-oxygen, i-harness plug ye-sensor ye-oxygen kufanele ikhishwe, bese kudonswa ucingo oluncane kusukela ku-output terminal ye-feedback voltage ye-sensor ye-oxygen ngokuya ngomdwebo wesifunda wemodeli, bese kuxhunywa i-harness plug. I-feedback voltage ingalinganiswa kusukela ku-lead line ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini (amanye amamodeli angalinganisa ne-feedback voltage ye-sensor ye-oxygen kusukela ku-fault detection socket). Isibonelo, uchungechunge lwezimoto ezikhiqizwe yiToyota Motor Company lungalinganisa i-feedback voltage ye-sensor ye-oxygen ngqo kusuka kuma-terminal e-OX1 noma e-OX2 ku-fault detection socket).
Uma ulinganisa i-voltage yempendulo yenzwa ye-oxygen, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-multimeter yohlobo lwe-pointer enebanga eliphansi (ngokuvamile i-2V) kanye ne-impedance ephezulu (ukumelana kwangaphakathi okungaphezu kwe-10MΩ). Izindlela ezithile zokuthola yilezi ezilandelayo:
1. Jikisa injini ekushiseni okuvamile kokusebenza (noma uyisebenze ku-2500r/min ngemva kokuqala imizuzu emi-2);
2. Xhuma ipeni elingemihle le-multimeter voltage stop ku-E1 noma i-electrode engemihle yebhethri esokhethini lokuthola iphutha, kanye nepeni elingemihle ku-OX1 noma i-OX2 jack esokhethini lokuthola iphutha, noma enombolweni | epulakini ye-wiring harness yenzwa ye-oxygen.
3, vumela injini iqhubeke isebenza ngesivinini esingaba ngu-2500r/min, bese uhlola ukuthi i-pointer ye-voltmeter ingajika iye emuva naphambili phakathi kuka-0-1V, bese uqopha inani lokushintshashintsha kwe-pointer ye-voltmeter ngaphakathi kwamasekhondi ayi-10. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, ngokuqhubeka kokulawula impendulo, i-voltage yempendulo yenzwa ye-oxygen izohlala ishintsha ngaphezu nangaphansi kuka-0.45V, futhi i-voltage yempendulo kufanele ishintshe okungenani izikhathi eziyi-8 ngaphakathi kwamasekhondi ayi-10.
Uma kungaphansi kwezikhathi ezingu-8, kusho ukuthi inzwa ye-oxygen noma uhlelo lokulawula impendulo alusebenzi kahle, okungase kubangelwe ukuqongelela kwekhabhoni ebusweni benzwa ye-oxygen, ukuze ukuzwela kunciphe. Ngenxa yalokhu, injini kufanele isebenze ku-2500r/min cishe imizuzu emi-2 ukuze kususwe amadiphozithi ekhabhoni ebusweni benzwa ye-oxygen, bese uhlola i-voltage yempendulo. Uma i-pointer ye-voltmeter isashintsha kancane ngemva kokuba ikhabhoni ingasuswa, kusho ukuthi inzwa ye-oxygen yonakele, noma isekethe yokulawula impendulo yekhompyutha inephutha.
4, ukuhlolwa kombala kokubukeka kwenzwa ye-oxygen
Susa inzwa ye-oxygen epayipini lokukhipha umoya bese uhlola ukuthi imbobo yomoya ebhodweni lenzwa ivaliwe yini nokuthi ingaphakathi le-ceramic lonakele. Uma lonakele, shintsha inzwa ye-oxygen.
Amaphutha angatholakala nangokubheka umbala wengxenye ephezulu yenzwa ye-oxygen:
1, ingaphezulu elimpunga elikhanyayo: lo umbala ojwayelekile wesenzwa ye-oxygen;
2, ingaphezulu elimhlophe: okubangelwa ukungcola kwe-silicon, inzwa ye-oxygen kumele ishintshwe ngalesi sikhathi;
3, ingxenye ephezulu ensundu (njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso 1): okubangelwa ukungcola komthofu, uma kukubi kakhulu, kumele futhi kuthathe indawo yenzwa yomoya-mpilo;
(4) Ingaphezulu elimnyama: okubangelwa ukufakwa kwekhabhoni, ngemva kokususa iphutha lokufakwa kwekhabhoni enjinini, ukufakwa kwekhabhoni ku-sensor ye-oxygen ngokuvamile kungasuswa ngokuzenzakalelayo.
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