Isibani sekhanda
Izibani zemoto ngokuvamile zakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu: isibani, isibuko esikhanyayo kanye nesibuko esifanelanayo (isibuko se-astigmatism).
isibani esisodwa
Amabhalu asetshenziswa ezibanini zezimoto amabhalu akhanyayo, amabhalu e-halogen tungsten, amabhalu amasha e-arc akhanya kakhulu njalo njalo.
(1) Ibhalbhu elikhanyayo: i-filament yayo yenziwe ngocingo lwe-tungsten (i-tungsten inendawo yokuncibilika ephezulu kanye nokukhanya okuqinile). Ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, ukuze kwandiswe impilo yebhalbhu, i-bulb igcwaliswa ngegesi engasebenzi (i-nitrogen kanye nengxube yayo yamagesi angasebenzi). Lokhu kunganciphisa ukuhwamuka kocingo lwe-tungsten, kwandise izinga lokushisa locingo, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya. Ukukhanya okuvela kubhalbhu elikhanyayo kunombala ophuzi.
(2) Isibani se-tungsten halide: Isibani sokukhanya se-tungsten halide sifakwa kugesi engasebenzi kahle ku-element ethile ye-halide (njenge-iodine, i-chlorine, i-fluorine, i-bromine, njll.), kusetshenziswa isimiso sokusabela kabusha kwe-tungsten halide, okungukuthi, i-tungsten ephefumulayo esuka ku-filament isabela ne-halogen ukuze ikhiqize i-halide ye-tungsten eguquguqukayo, esakazeka endaweni yokushisa okuphezulu eduze kwe-filament, futhi iboliswe ukushisa, ukuze i-tungsten ibuyiselwe ku-filament. I-halogen ekhishwe iyaqhubeka nokusabalalisa futhi ihlanganyele ekusabeleni komjikelezo olandelayo, ngakho-ke umjikelezo uyaqhubeka, ngaleyo ndlela uvimbele ukuhwamuka kwe-tungsten kanye nokuba mnyama kwe-bulb. Usayizi we-bulb yokukhanya ye-tungsten halogen mncane, igobolondo le-bulb lenziwe ngengilazi ye-quartz enokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kanye namandla aphezulu omshini, ngaphansi kwamandla afanayo, ukukhanya kwesibani se-tungsten halogen kuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-1.5 kunokwesibani se-incandescent, futhi impilo iphindwe izikhathi ezimbili kuya kwezingu-3.
(3) Isibani esisha se-arc esikhanya kakhulu: Lesi sibani asinayo i-filament yendabuko ebhalbhuni. Esikhundleni salokho, ama-electrode amabili afakwa ngaphakathi kweshubhu le-quartz. Ishubhu ligcwele i-xenon kanye nezinsimbi zokulandelela (noma ama-halide ensimbi), futhi uma kune-voltage eyanele ye-arc ku-electrode (5000 ~ 12000V), igesi iqala ukwenza i-ionize futhi iqhube ugesi. Ama-athomu egesi asesimweni sokujabula futhi aqala ukukhipha ukukhanya ngenxa yokuguquka kwezinga lamandla lama-electron. Ngemuva kwama-0.1s, inani elincane lomhwamuko we-mercury liyahwamuka phakathi kwama-electrode, futhi ukunikezwa kwamandla kudluliselwa ngokushesha ekukhishweni kwe-mercury vapor arc, bese kudluliselwa esibanini se-halide arc ngemva kokuphakama kwezinga lokushisa. Ngemva kokuba ukukhanya kufinyelele ekushiseni okuvamile kokusebenza kwebhalbhu, amandla okugcina ukukhishwa kwe-arc kuphansi kakhulu (cishe ama-35w), ngakho-ke ama-40% wamandla kagesi angasindiswa.
2. isibonisi
Indima yesibonisi ukukhulisa i-polymerization yokukhanya okukhishwa yibhalbhu ibe umsebe oqinile ukuze kwandiswe ibanga lokushiswa kwemisebe.
Isimo sobuso besibuko siyi-paraboloid ejikelezayo, ngokuvamile eyenziwe ngensimbi encane engu-0.6 ~ 0.8mm egxishwe noma eyenziwe ngepulasitiki, ingilazi. Ubuso obungaphakathi bumbozwe ngesiliva, i-aluminium noma i-chrome bese bupholishwa; I-filament itholakala endaweni eqondile yesibuko, futhi iningi lemisebe yaso yokukhanya iyaboniswa futhi idutshulwe kude njengemisebe ehambisanayo. Isibani sokukhanya esingenasibuko singakhanyisa ibanga elingaba ngu-6m kuphela, kanti umsebe ohambisanayo oboniswa yisibuko ungakhanyisa ibanga elingaphezu kuka-100m. Ngemva kwesibuko, kuba khona inani elincane lokukhanya okuhlakazekile, okungaphezulu akusebenzi nhlobo, kanti ukukhanya okuseceleni naphansi kusiza ukukhanyisa ubuso bomgwaqo kanye nomngcele ongama-5 kuya ku-10m.
3. ilensi
I-Pantoscope, eyaziwa nangokuthi ingilazi ye-astigmatic, iyinhlanganisela yama-prism namalensi akhethekile amaningana, futhi ukuma kwayo ngokuvamile kuyindilinga futhi kuyindilinga. Umsebenzi wesibuko esifanelanayo uwukuphikisa umsebe ohambisanayo oboniswa yisibuko, ukuze umgwaqo ophambi kwemoto ube nokukhanya okuhle nokulinganayo.
Ungabhekana kanjani nenkungu yamanzi ezibanini zemoto?
Izibani zemoto ezinenkungu yamanzi zingaphathwa ngale ndlela: vula izibani zemoto ukuze ziphele ngokwemvelo, zichayeke elangeni, zihlanze ngesibhamu samanzi esinomfutho ophezulu, shintsha isibani sekhanda, shaya nge-hairdryer, shintsha uphawu lwesibani sekhanda, susa umswakama, engeza ifeni lokupholisa, shintsha isibani sekhanda.
Imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle kwesibani sangaphambili?
Izizathu zokuthi kungani izibani zangaphambili zingasebenzi zingabandakanya:
Isibani sonakele: isibani siyingxenye egugile, ukusetshenziswa isikhathi eside noma izimo zomgwaqo ezimbi zingadala umonakalo.
ukushisa ngokweqile noma i-short : ukushisa ngokweqile noma i-short circuit yentambo kungathinta i-gearbox yamanje futhi kubangele ukuthi izibani zangaphambili zingavuli.
Ukwehluleka kwe-relay noma ukushintsha okuhlanganisiwe: Ukwehluleka kwe-relay noma ukushintsha okuhlanganisiwe nakho kungabangela ukuthi izibani zangaphambili zingakhanyi.
ifusi eliqhumile : ifusi eliqhumile liyimbangela evamile, hlola bese ushintsha ifusi kungaxazulula inkinga.
umugqa ovulekile, omfushane noma ophukile : uxhumano lomugqa olubi noma oluxegayo, ijoyinti alikho endaweni lizophinde liholele ekutheni isibani sangaphambili singavulwa.
Ukwehluleka kwesilawuli se-voltage: Ukwehluleka kwesilawuli se-voltage kungabangela ukuthi i-voltage ibe phezulu kakhulu, okungabangela ukuthi isibani sicishe.
Amandla ebhethri aphansi: Amandla ebhethri aphansi azothinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwezibani zangaphambili.
Ipulaki yesibani sekhanda elikhululekile: hlola njalo ukuthi ipulaki yesibani sekhanda liqinile, ukuqinisa ngesikhathi kungagwema izinkinga ezinjalo.
Ukuze kuxazululwe lezi zinkinga, kungathathwa izinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Hlola isibani ukuze ubone umonakalo bese usifaka esisha uma kudingeka.
Hlola izintambo ukuthi azishisi kakhulu noma azinama-short circuits, bese uzilungisa noma uzishintshe uma kudingeka.
Hlola ukuthi ama-relay nama-combination switch asebenza kahle, bese uwalungisa noma uwashintshe uma kudingeka.
Hlola ukuthi i-fuse iqhumile yini bese ushintsha i-fuse uma kudingeka.
Hlola umugqa ukuthi uvulekile, umfushane noma uphukile, bese ulungisa uma kudingeka.
Hlola ukuthi isilawuli se-voltage sisebenza kahle bese usilungisa noma usishintshe uma kudingeka.
Hlola ukuthi ibhethri lishajwe ngokugcwele yini, bese ushaja noma ushintshe ibhethri uma kudingeka.
Hlola ukuthi ipulaki yesibani sekhanda liqinile bese uqinisa uma kudingeka.
Ngalezi zinyathelo, ungaxilonga futhi uxazulule inkinga yezibani zemoto ezingavuliwe ngempumelelo.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, qhubeka ufunda ezinye izihloko ezikulesi siza!
Sicela usishayele ucingo uma udinga imikhiqizo enjalo.
Inkampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd.izibophezele ekuthengiseni izingxenye zezimoto ze-MG&MAUXS zamukelekileukuthenga.
