I-Balloon spring.
I-spring yewashi isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-airbag eyinhloko (lena elisondweni lokuqondisa) nehhanisi lama-airbag, okuwucezu lwamahhanisi ocingo. Ngenxa yokuthi isikhwama somoya esiyinhloko kufanele sijikeleze nesondo lokuqondisa, (singacatshangwa njengehhanisi lezintambo ezinobude obuthile, eziboshwe ku-shaft yokuqondisa isondo, lapho ujikeleza nesondo lokuqondisa, lingahlehliswa noma lilimale ngokuqinile, kodwa futhi inomkhawulo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isondo lokuqondisa liye kwesokunxele noma kwesokudla, i-harness yocingo ayikwazi ukukhishwa), ngakho-ke i-harness yocingo yokuxhuma kufanele ishiye umkhawulo. Qiniseka ukuthi isiteringi sijikela eceleni siye endaweni elinganiselwe ngaphandle kokusikhipha. Leli phuzu ekufakweni ukunakwa okukhethekile, ngangokunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lisendaweni ephakathi.
Isingeniso somkhiqizo
Uma imoto ishayisa, uhlelo lwe-airbag lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Njengamanje, isistimu ye-airbag ngokuvamile iyisistimu ye-airbag eyodwa yesondo lokuqondisa, noma isistimu ye-airbag ephindwe kabili. Lapho imoto efakwe ama-airbag amabili kanye nesistimu ye-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo iphahlazeka, kungakhathalekile ukuthi ijubane lingakanani, ama-airbag kanye ne-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo zisebenza kanyekanye, okuholela ekumoshweni kwama-airbag ngesikhathi sokuphahlazeka kwesivinini esiphansi, okwandisa izindleko zokunakekela kakhulu. .
I-airbag enezinyathelo ezimbili, uma kwenzeka ingozi, ingakwazi ukukhetha kuphela ukusebenzisa i-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo noma i-pretensioner yebhande kanye ne-airbag ekabili ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokwejubane nokusheshisa kwemoto. Ngale ndlela, uma kwenzeka ingozi ngesivinini esiphansi, uhlelo lungasebenzisa amabhande ezihlalo kuphela ukuvikela ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli, ngaphandle kokumosha izikhwama zomoya. Uma ijubane lingaphezu kuka-30km/h engozini, ibhande lesihlalo kanye nesikhwama somoya zisebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Uma imoto ishayisana, isistimu yokulawula i-airbag ibona amandla okushayisana
(ukuncishiswa) kweqa inani elibekiwe, ikhompuyutha ye-airbag ixhuma ngokushesha isiyingi seshubhu lokuqhuma kukagesi ku-inflator, ithungela indawo yokuthungela eshubhuni lokuqhuma kagesi, futhi ilangabi lithungela impushana yokuthungela kanye nejeneretha yegesi, ikhiqize igesi eningi. ku-0. Ngemizuzwana engu-03, isikhwama somoya sigcwele umoya, isikhwama somoya siyakhula kakhulu, siyaphuka. ngokusebenzisa isigubhu sekhava sokuhlobisa esondweni lokuqondisa kumshayeli nomuntu ongaphakathi, ukuze ikhanda nesifuba somshayeli nomgibeli kucindezelwe esikhwameni somoya esigcwele igesi, kunqande umthelela kumshayeli nomgibeli, bese kudedelwa igesi ku-air bag. isikhwama somoya.
I-airbag ingasabalalisa ngokulinganayo amandla okuthinta ekhanda nasesifubeni, ivimbele umzimba womgibeli ontekenteke ekubeni ube nokungqubuzana okuqondile nomzimba, kunciphisa kakhulu amathuba okulimala. Ama-airbag ayabavikela abagibeli uma kwenzeka kuba nomthelela ongaphambili, ngisho noma ibhande lingagqokwanga, ama-airbag avimbela ukushayisana asasebenza ngokwanele ukunciphisa ukulimala. Ngokwezibalo, uma kwenzeka kushayisana imoto ngaphambili efakwe ama-airbag, izinga lokulimala kwabagibeli lingancipha kuze kufike ku-64%, ngisho naku-80% walabo bagibeli abawafakile amabhande ezihlalo. Ukushayisana kwezihlalo ezisemaceleni nezangemuva kusancike ekusebenzeni kwebhande.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wokuqhuma kwesikhwama somoya ungama-decibel angu-130 kuphela, ongaphakathi kwebanga elibekezelelekayo lomzimba womuntu; I-78% yegesi esikhwameni somoya iyi-nitrogen, ezinzile futhi engenabuthi, engenabungozi emzimbeni womuntu; Impushana ekhishwe lapho ukuqhuma kuyimpushana yokugcoba egcina isikhwama somoya esimweni esigoqiwe futhi asihlanganisi ndawonye, futhi ayinabungozi emzimbeni womuntu.
Yonke into iyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili, kanti ne-airbag nayo inohlangothi olungaphephile. Ngokwezibalo, uma imoto ihamba ngo-60km/h, ukushayisana okungazelelwe kuzokwenza imoto ime phakathi nemizuzwana engu-0.2, futhi isikhwama somoya sizophuma ngesivinini esingaba ngu-300km/h, futhi umphumela wamandla angaba ngu-180. kg, okunzima ukuthwala ikhanda, intamo nezinye izingxenye ezisengozini yomzimba womuntu. Ngakho-ke, uma i-engeli namandla e-airbag ukuphuma kungalungile, kungase kubangele "inhlekelele".
Emotweni, izinzwa ezintathu zifaka njalo ulwazi loshintsho lwejubane kusilawuli se-elekthronikhi, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sibala njalo, sihlaziya, siqhathanisa namajaji, futhi silungele ukukhipha iziyalezo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uma ijubane lingaphansi kuka-30km/h, inzwa yangaphambili kanye nenzwa yayo yokuphepha exhunyiwe kanyekanye ifaka isignali yokuphahlazeka kusilawuli se-electronic, bese ithumela umyalo wokuqhumisa isiqhumisi sikagesi se-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo, kuyilapho isignali ithunyelwa indawo emaphakathi. inzwa ayikwazi ukwenza isilawuli sikagesi sithumele umyalo wokuqhumisa isiqhumisi sikagesi sesikhwama somoya. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukushayisana kwejubane eliphansi (i-deceleration encane), inqobo nje uma i-pre-tensioner idonsa ibhande lesihlalo, kwanele ukuvikela umshayeli nomgibeli ukuthi bangashayisani ngaphambili.
Endabeni yokushayisana kwesivinini esikhulu (i-deceleration enkulu), inzwa yangaphambili kanye nenzwa emaphakathi ifaka kanyekanye isignali yokushayisana kusilawuli se-elekthronikhi, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sikhipha umyalelo ngemva kokwahlulela okusheshayo, futhi siqhumisa ama-detonator kagesi kwesokunxele kanye. ukuzenzisa kwesokudla kanye nezikhwama zomoya ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa. Lapho ibhande lesihlalo lihlehliswa liqinile, izikhwama zomoya ezimbili zivuleka ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuze zimunce amandla omthelela akhiqizwa umshayeli nomgibeli ngenxa yokunciphisa isivinini esikhulu, okuvikela ngempumelelo ukuphepha kwabo.
Lapho imoto ishayisana nento engashintshi ephambi kwayo, lapho imoto ihamba ngokushesha, iyancipha kakhulu ijubane, futhi yilapho inzwa ithola amandla engeziwe. Uma amandla asethiwe ngaphambili enzwa yangaphambili kanye nenzwa emaphakathi ihlukaniswe yaba imikhawulo engaphezulu nephansi, okungukuthi, isivinini somthelela esinqunyelwe ngaphambili senzwa yangaphambili singaphansi kwenani eliphansi lomkhawulo elingu-30km/h, kanye nenani lokusetha ngaphambilini elihambisanayo. yenzwa yokuphepha nayo iyinani eliphansi lomkhawulo, khona-ke isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sibangela kuphela ukuthi i-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo iqhume lapho imoto ishayisa ngesivinini esiphansi. Uma inani elimisiwe lenzwa emaphakathi liwumkhawulo ongaphezulu, lapho imoto ishayisa ngesivinini esikhulu, inzwa yangaphambili, inzwa emaphakathi kanye nenzwa yokuphepha kanyekanye ikhipha isignali yokushayisana kusilawuli sikagesi, futhi isilawuli sikagesi siqhumisa wonke ugesi. ama-detonator, bese ibhande lesihlalo liyacindezelwa futhi isikhwama somoya siyavulwa.
Kusukela ekushayisaneni, inzwa ithumela isignali kusilawuli esinquma ukuqhumisa isiqhumane sikagesi, cishe isikhathi esingu-10ms. Ngemva kokuqhunyiswa, i-generator yegesi ikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-nitrogen, elifaka ngokushesha isikhwama somoya. Kusukela ekungqubuzaneni kuya ekwakhekeni kwe-airbag, bese kuya ekuqiniseni ibhande lesihlalo, yonke inqubo ithatha u-30-35ms, ngakho umphumela wokuvikela wesistimu ye-airbag muhle kakhulu.
Lapho i-airbag iqhuma, ngenxa yenani elikhulu legesi ekhiqizwe ku-airbag, ingcindezi ye-airbag iyakhula, okungeke kube nomthelela ekumunceni amandla omthelela, ngakho-ke kunezimbobo ezimbili ezikhipha igesi ngemuva kwe-airbag ukuze kukhishwe umoya. ingcindezi, ehambisana nokuvikela ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Njengokucushwa okuyisizayo kokuphepha komzimba okungenzi lutho, abantu bakunaka kakhulu. Lapho imoto nezithiyo kushayisana, kubizwa ngokuthi ukushayisana, umuntu ongaphakathi kanye nezingxenye zemoto ziyashayisana, okubizwa ngokuthi ukushayisana kwesibili, isikhwama somoya lapho kushayisana, ukushayisana kwesibili ngaphambi kokuvulwa ngokushesha komcamelo womoya ogcwele igesi, ukuthi umhlali ngenxa ye-inertia futhi ahambe "emcamelo womoya" ukuze unciphise umthelela womuntu ongaphakathi futhi amunce amandla omthelela, ukunciphisa izinga lokulimala umhlali.
Ama-Airbag athuthukiswe ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva, intengo yehle kakhulu, futhi imoto efakwe ama-airbag nayo ithuthukile kusukela esikhathini esidlule esiphakathi nezimoto eziphezulu kuya ezimotweni eziphakathi neziphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izimoto zifakwe ama-airbag abagibeli emgqeni wangaphambili (okungukuthi, imininingwane ye-airbag emibili), futhi ama-airbag abagibeli afana nalawo asetshenziswa abashayeli, kodwa umthamo wesikhwama somoya mkhulu futhi igesi edingekayo Okuningi. Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1990s, ukusebenza kwezokuphepha kwe-airbag kuye kwamukelwa ngokuvamile, futhi kuthathwa njengethuluzi lokuphepha lesimanje nelisezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqonda isimiso sokusebenza se-airbag kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuze sizivikele kangcono, kodwa kumshayeli, ukushayela okuphephile kungokokuqala, okungekho idivayisi yokuphepha ethuthukisiwe engashintshwa.
Isiphethu sesikhwama somoya semoto siphukile, ingabe kuzoba nekhodi yephutha?
intando
I-hairspring yesikhwama somoya semoto iphukile, kunekhodi yenkinga.
Uma isiphethu sesikhwama somoya semoto sihluleka, isistimu yokuphepha yemoto izobona okudidayo futhi ibonise indawo ethile yenkinga ngokusetha ikhodi yephutha. Lawa makhodi amaphutha angasiza izisebenzi ezinakekela isondlo ngokushesha nangokunembile ukuthi zikuphi inkinga, ukuze zifeze ukunakekela okuhambisanayo. Isibonelo, isiphethu sesikhwama somoya esiphukile singabika amakhodi amaphutha amaningi, okuhlanganisa kodwa okungakhawulelwe kokuthi C0506 - Ukwehluleka Kwemojula Yokulawula I-Driver Side Airbag (NSCM), U0101 - Ukwehluleka Kwesistimu Ye-Airbag (SRS), B1001 - I-Driver Side Airbag (D-SRS) ukwehluleka, njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umonakalo we-air bag spring ungase ubonakale njengokukhanya kwephutha lesikhwama somoya, uphondo aluzwakali, kanye nokuhluleka kwenkinobho yesiteringi ye-multi-function. Ngakho-ke, uma imoto inalezi zimpawu, umshayeli kufanele ahlolwe kusenesikhathi ukuze kutholakale ukuthi isiphethu sesikhwama somoya sidinga ukushintshwa yini.
Enqubweni yokunakekelwa, kuyindlela evamile yokuxilongwa ukufunda ikhodi yephutha ngethuluzi lokuhlola iphutha. Ngale ndlela, kunganqunywa ukuthi isiphethu sesikhwama somoya sonakalisiwe. Isibonelo, ngokukhipha isiphethu sesikhwama somoya bese usebenzisa i-resistor engu-2 kuya ku-3 ohm ukuze ushintshe isiphethu sesikhwama somoya, bese ufunda kabusha ikhodi yephutha, uma ikhodi yephutha inyamalala, isiphethu sesikhwama somoya singase sonakaliswe.
Ukufingqa, i-hairspring ye-air bag yemoto izoba nekhodi yephutha, okuyindlela yokuzivikela yohlelo lokuphepha kwemoto, eklanyelwe ukukhumbuza umshayeli nabasebenzi bezokulungisa ukuthi banakekele ngesikhathi.
Sicela usishayele uma udinga imikhiqizo enjalo.
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