Intwasahlobo yebhaluni.
Isipilingi sewashi sisetshenziselwa ukuxhuma i-airbag eyinhloko (esisesiteringini) ne-airbag harness, okuyingcezu ye-wire harness. Ngenxa yokuthi i-air bag eyinhloko kufanele ijikeleze ne-steering wheel, (ingacatshangwa njenge-wire harness enobude obuthile, egoqwe nge-steering shaft ye-steering wheel, uma ijikeleza ne-steering wheel, ingabuyiselwa emuva noma iboshwe ngokuqinile, kodwa futhi inomkhawulo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-steering wheel kwesobunxele noma kwesokudla, i-wire harness ayikwazi ukudonswa), ngakho-ke i-wire harness exhumanisayo kufanele ishiye umkhawulo. Qiniseka ukuthi i-steering wheel iphendukela ohlangothini oluya endaweni yomkhawulo ngaphandle kokudonswa. Leli phuzu ekufakweni liyinakwa ekhethekile, ngangokunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lisendaweni ephakathi.
Isingeniso somkhiqizo
Uma imoto ishayisa, uhlelo lwe-airbag lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Njengamanje, uhlelo lwe-airbag ngokuvamile luyisistimu eyodwa ye-airbag yesiteringi, noma uhlelo lwe-airbag oluphindwe kabili. Lapho imoto efakwe ama-airbag amabili kanye nohlelo lwe-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo iphahlazeka, kungakhathaliseki ijubane, ama-airbag kanye ne-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo zisebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuholela ekuchithekeni kwama-airbag ngesikhathi sengozi yesivinini esiphansi, okwandisa izindleko zokulungisa kakhulu.
Uhlelo lwe-airbag olunezinyathelo ezimbili, uma kwenzeka ingozi, lungakhetha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukusebenzisa i-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo kuphela noma i-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo kanye ne-airbag ephindwe kabili ngesikhathi esifanayo ngokwejubane nokusheshisa kwemoto. Ngale ndlela, uma kwenzeka ingozi ngesivinini esiphansi, uhlelo lungasebenzisa amabhande esihlalo kuphela ukuvikela ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli, ngaphandle kokuchitha ama-airbag. Uma ijubane lingaphezu kwama-30km/h engozini, ibhande lesihlalo kanye nesikhwama somoya kusebenza ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuze kuvikelwe ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Isimiso sokusebenza
Uma imoto isengozini, uhlelo lokulawula izikhwama zomoya lubona amandla okushaya
(ukwehla kwesivinini) kudlula inani elibekiwe, ikhompyutha yesikhwama somoya ixhuma ngokushesha isekethe yepayipi lokuqhuma likagesi ku-inflator, ivuthe indawo yokushisa epayipini lokuqhuma likagesi, bese ilangabi livuthe i-ignition powder kanye nejeneretha yegesi, ikhiqize inani elikhulu legesi ngo-0. Phakathi nemizuzwana engu-03, isikhwama somoya siyakhukhumala, isikhwama somoya siyakhula kakhulu, sidabule isigubhu sokuhlobisa esisesiteringini siye kumshayeli kanye nomgibeli, ukuze ikhanda lomshayeli kanye nesifuba somgibeli kucindezelwe esikhwameni somoya esigcwele igesi, kuncishiswe umthelela kumshayeli kanye nomgibeli, bese kukhishwa igesi esikhwameni somoya.
I-airbag ingasabalalisa ngokulinganayo amandla okushaya ekhanda nasesifubeni, ivimbele umzimba womgibeli obuthakathaka ukuthi ungashayisani ngqo nomzimba, inciphise kakhulu amathuba okulimala. Ama-airbag ayabavikela abagibeli uma kwenzeka ingozi ngaphambili, noma ngabe ibhande lesihlalo aligqokwanga, ama-airbag alwa nokushayisana asasebenza ngokwanele ukunciphisa ukulimala. Ngokwezibalo, uma kwenzeka ingozi ngaphambili nemoto efakwe ama-airbag, izinga lokulimala komgibeli lingancishiswa ngo-64%, ngisho naku-80% walabo bagibeli abawagqoki amabhande esihlalo. Ukushayisana okuvela eceleni nasezihlalweni zangemuva kusancike ekusebenzeni kwebhande lesihlalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umthamo wokuqhuma kwesikhwama somoya ungama-decibel angu-130 kuphela, okungaphakathi kwebanga elibekezelelekayo lomzimba womuntu; u-78% wegesi esikhwameni somoya yi-nitrogen, ezinzile kakhulu futhi engenabo ubuthi, engenangozi emzimbeni womuntu; Impushana ekhishwa lapho kuqhuma iyimpushana yokugcoba egcina isikhwama somoya sisesimweni esigoqiwe futhi singanamatheli ndawonye, futhi ayinangozi emzimbeni womuntu.
Konke kuyinkemba esika nhlangothi zombili, futhi i-airbag nayo inohlangothi lwayo olungaphephile. Ngokwezibalo, uma imoto ihamba ngesivinini esingu-60km/h, ukushayisana okungazelelwe kuzokwenza imoto ime phakathi nemizuzwana engu-0.2, futhi i-airbag izophuma ngesivinini esingaba ngu-300km/h, futhi amandla okushaya angaba ngu-180 kg, okunzima ukukuthwala ekhanda, entanyeni nakwezinye izingxenye zomzimba womuntu ezisengozini. Ngakho-ke, uma i-Engela namandla e-airbag ephumayo engalungile kancane, kungabangela "inhlekelele".
Emotweni, izinzwa ezintathu zihlala zifaka ulwazi lokushintsha kwesivinini kusilawuli se-elekthronikhi, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sihlala sibala, sihlaziya, siqhathanisa futhi sihlulele, futhi sikulungele ukukhipha imiyalelo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Uma ijubane lingaphansi kwama-30km/h, inzwa engaphambili kanye nenzwa yayo yokuphepha exhunyiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa zifaka isignali yokuphahlazeka kusilawuli se-elekthronikhi, bese zithumela umyalo wokuqhuma i-detonator kagesi ye-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo, kuyilapho isignali ethunyelwe yi-central sensor ingakwazi ukwenza isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sithumele umyalo wokuqhuma i-detonator kagesi yesikhwama somoya. Ngakho-ke, uma kwenzeka ukushayisana kwejubane eliphansi (ukwehla okuncane), inqobo nje uma i-pre-tensioner idonsa ibhande lesihlalo emuva, kwanele ukuvikela umshayeli nomgibeli ekushayiseni ngaphambili.
Uma kwenzeka ukushayisana ngesivinini esikhulu (ukwehla okukhulu kwejubane), inzwa engaphambili kanye nenzwa ephakathi zifaka isignali yokushayisana ngasikhathi sinye kumlawuli we-elekthronikhi, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sikhipha umyalelo ngemuva kokwahlulela okusheshayo, futhi siqhumise iziqhumane zikagesi zesikhwama somoya esingakwesokunxele nakwesokudla kanye nezikhwama zomoya ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye. Lapho ibhande lesihlalo lidonswa emuva ngokuqinile, izikhwama zomoya ezimbili zivuleka ngasikhathi sinye ukuze zimunce amandla okushaya akhiqizwa umshayeli nomgibeli ngenxa yokunciphisa isivinini okukhulu, okuvikela ngempumelelo ukuphepha kwazo.
Uma imoto ishayisana nento eqondile ephambi kwayo, lapho imoto ihamba ngokushesha, kulapho ijubane likhuphuka khona, futhi kulapho inzwa ithola khona amandla amaningi. Uma amandla asethwe ngaphambilini enzwa yangaphambili kanye nenzwa ephakathi ehlukaniswe ngemikhawulo ephezulu nephansi, okungukuthi, isivinini sokushaya esinqunyiwe senzwa yangaphambili singaphansi kwenani lomkhawulo elingaphansi elingu-30km/h, futhi inani elihambisanayo elisethwe ngaphambilini lenzwa yokuphepha nalo liyinani lomkhawulo eliphansi, khona-ke isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sibangela kuphela ukuthi i-pretensioner yebhande lesihlalo iqhume lapho imoto iqhuma ngesivinini esiphansi. Uma inani elisethwe ngaphambilini lenzwa ephakathi lingumkhawulo ophezulu, lapho imoto iqhuma ngesivinini esiphezulu, inzwa yangaphambili, inzwa ephakathi kanye nenzwa yokuphepha zikhipha isignali yokushayisana ngasikhathi sinye kumlawuli we-elekthronikhi, futhi isilawuli se-elekthronikhi siqhumisa zonke iziqhumane zikagesi, khona-ke ibhande lesihlalo liyacindezelwa bese isikhwama somoya siyavulwa.
Kusukela ekushayweni, inzwa ithumela isignali kumlawuli onquma ukuqhuma i-detonator kagesi, cishe isikhathi esingu-10ms. Ngemva kokuqhuma, i-gas generator ikhiqiza inani elikhulu le-nitrogen, elifaka umoya ngokushesha esikhwameni somoya. Kusukela ekushayweni kuya ekwakhekeni kwe-airbag, bese kuba ukuqina kwebhande lesihlalo, yonke inqubo ithatha ama-30-35ms, ngakho-ke umphumela wokuvikela wohlelo lwe-airbag muhle kakhulu.
Uma i-airbag iqhuma, ngenxa yenani elikhulu legesi elikhiqizwayo e-airbag, ingcindezi ye-airbag iyanda, okungavumeli ukumunca amandla okushaya, ngakho-ke kunezimbobo ezimbili zokukhipha igesi ngemuva kwe-airbag ukuze kukhishwe ingcindezi, okuvumela ukuvikela ukuphepha komshayeli nomgibeli.
Njengendlela yokusekela ukuphepha komzimba okungenamsebenzi, abantu bayayinaka kakhulu. Lapho imoto nezithiyo zishayisana, ibizwa ngokuthi ukushayisana, umuntu ohlala kuyo kanye nezingxenye zemoto ziyashayisana, okubizwa ngokuthi ukushayisana kwesibili, isikhwama somoya sishayisana, ukushayisana kwesibili ngaphambi kokuvulwa okusheshayo komcamelo womoya ogcwele igesi, ukuze umuntu ohlala kuyo ngenxa yokungahlali kahle ahambe "emcameloni womoya" ukuze anciphise umthelela womuntu ohlala kuyo futhi amunce amandla omthelela, anciphise izinga lokulimala komuntu ohlala kuyo.
Ama-airbag athuthukiswe ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, intengo yehle kakhulu, kanti imoto ehlome ngama-airbag nayo ithuthuke kusukela ezimotweni eziphakathi nezindala ezedlule kuya ezimotweni eziphakathi neziphansi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ezinye izimoto zihlome ngama-airbag abagibeli emgqeni ongaphambili (okungukuthi, imininingwane emibili ye-airbag), kanti ama-airbag abagibeli afana nalawo asetshenziswa abashayeli, kodwa umthamo we-airbag mkhulu futhi igesi edingekayo inkulu. Kusukela ngawo-1990, ukusebenza kokuphepha kwe-airbag kuye kwamukelwa kabanzi, futhi kubhekwa njengedivayisi yokuphepha yesimanje nesezingeni eliphezulu. Ukuqonda isimiso sokusebenza se-airbag kanye nezindaba ezidinga ukunakwa kubaluleke kakhulu kithi ukuze sizivikele kangcono, kodwa kumshayeli, ukushayela okuphephile kuyinto yokuqala, okungekho divayisi yokuphepha ethuthukisiwe engashintshwa.
Isipilingi sesikhwama somoya semoto siphukile, ingabe kuzoba nekhodi yephutha?
intando
I-hairspring yesikhwama somoya semoto iphukile, kunekhodi yenkinga.
Uma isipilingi sesikhwama somoya semoto sihluleka, uhlelo lokuphepha lwemoto luzobona okungavamile futhi lubonise indawo ethile yenkinga ngokusetha ikhodi yephutha. Lawa makhodi ephutha angasiza abasebenzi bokulungisa ukuthola inkinga ngokushesha nangokunembile, ukuze benze ukulungiswa okufanele. Isibonelo, isipilingi sesikhwama somoya esiphukile singabika amakhodi amaningi ephutha, okuhlanganisa kodwa kungagcini ngokuhluleka kwe-C0506 - Driver Side Airbag Control Module (NSCM), U0101 - Airbag System (SRS), B1001 - Driver Side Airbag (D-SRS), njll.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umonakalo wesipilingi sesikhwama somoya ungabonakala futhi njengokukhanya kwephutha lesikhwama somoya, uphondo olungakhali, kanye nokwehluleka kwenkinobho yesiteringi semisebenzi eminingi. Ngakho-ke, uma imoto inalezi zimpawu, umshayeli kufanele ahlolwe ngesikhathi ukuze kutholakale ukuthi isipilingi sesikhwama somoya sidinga ukushintshwa yini.
Enkambisweni yokulungisa, kuyindlela evamile yokuxilonga ukufunda ikhodi yephutha ngethuluzi lokuxilonga iphutha. Ngale ndlela, kungatholakala ukuthi isiphethu sesikhwama somoya sonakele yini. Isibonelo, ngokuvula iplagi yesiphethu sesikhwama somoya bese usebenzisa i-resistor engu-2 kuya ku-3 ohm ukuze ufake esikhundleni sesiphethu sesikhwama somoya, bese ufunda kabusha ikhodi yephutha, uma ikhodi yephutha inyamalala, isiphethu sesikhwama somoya singase sonakale.
Ngamafuphi, i-hairspring yesikhwama somoya semoto izoba nekhodi yephutha, okuyindlela yokuzivikela yohlelo lokuphepha kwemoto, eyenzelwe ukukhumbuza umshayeli nabasebenzi bokulungisa ukuthi benze ukulungiswa ngesikhathi.
Sicela usishayele ucingo uma udinga imikhiqizo enjalo.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izibophezele ekuthengiseni izingxenye zezimoto ze-MG&MAUXS futhi wamukelekile ukuzithenga.
