Isihlungi sikaphethiloli.
Isihlungi sikaphethiloli sesihlungi esifushane somusi. Isihlungi sikaphethiloli sihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-carburetor kanye nohlobo lomjovo kagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwenjini kaphethiloli ye-carburetor, isihlungi sikaphethiloli sitholakala ohlangothini lokungenisa lwepompo kawoyela, ingcindezi yokusebenza incane, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igobolondo le-nylon, isihlungi sikaphethiloli senjini yomjovo kagesi sitholakala ohlangothini lokuthumela ngaphandle lwepompo kawoyela, ingcindezi yokusebenza iphakeme, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igobolondo lensimbi. Ingxenye yesihlungi sesihlungi sikaphethiloli ikakhulukazi iphepha lesihlungi, kanti umsebenzi oyinhloko wesihlungi sikaphethiloli sisebenzisa indwangu ye-nylon nezinto ze-polymer ukuhlunga ukungcola kuphethiloli. Uma isihlungi sikaphethiloli singcolile kakhulu noma sivalekile. Iphepha lesihlungi somugqa Isihlungi sikaphethiloli: isihlungi sikaphethiloli kulolu hlobo lwesihlungi sikaphethiloli, iphepha lesihlungi eligoqiwe kanye nesihlungi sepulasitiki noma sensimbi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi zokuxhuma, uwoyela ongcolile ungene odongeni lwangaphandle lwesihlungi ngezingqimba zephepha lesihlungi elihlungiwe phakathi nendawo, uphethiloli ohlanzekile uyaphuma.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesihlungi sikaphethiloli ukuhlunga ukungcola kuphethiloli. Uma isihlungi sikaphethiloli singcolile kakhulu noma sivinjiwe, ukusebenza okuyinhloko yilokhu: lapho umnyango kaphethiloli ungena, amandla ehla, noma engakwazi ukuvuka, imoto inzima ukuyiqala, futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyadingeka ukuthi ivuthe izikhathi ezingu-2-5 ukuze ishaye. Izinjini eziningi zifakwe isihlungi sikaphethiloli sesihlungi sephepha esingasuswa kanye, umjikelezo wokufaka esikhundleni ngokuvamile ungamakhilomitha ayi-10,000, uma ungeza ukungcola kukaphethiloli okuncane, amakhilomitha ayi-15000-20000 ukufaka esikhundleni esisodwa akuyona inkinga. Isihlungi sinophawu lomcibisholo wokungena kukawoyela kanye ne-outlet, ungafaki okuphambene lapho ushintsha.
umphumela
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto ze-carburetor, ama-EI adinga uphethiloli ohlanzekile ngoba ngisho nokungcola okuncane kakhulu kungaguguda izingxenye ezinembile ohlelweni lwe-EFI. Ngakho-ke, i-injector kagesi idinga isihlungi sikaphethiloli esikhethekile, esihlunga ukungcola kuphethiloli ukuze kugwemeke ukuthi kungene ku-injection valve kanye ne-cold start valve. Isihlungi sikaphethiloli siyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwe-EFI, kuphela ikhwalithi yokuqala noma engaphezulu kwekhwalithi yesihlungi sikaphethiloli enganikeza uphethiloli ohlanzekile odingwa uhlelo lwe-EFI, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwenjini, kodwa futhi kuhlinzeke ngesivikelo esingcono kakhulu senjini.
Uphethiloli ubaluleke kakhulu emotweni njengoba nokudla kubalulekile emzimbeni womuntu. Ngaphandle kokunikezwa kukaphethiloli, imoto ayikwazi ukuhamba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, maqondana nemikhiqizo kaphethiloli, uma uwoyela ungemuhle kakhulu futhi ukungcola okukuphethiloli kukhulu, kuzodala umonakalo ku-nozzle yokujova uphethiloli, ipompo kaphethiloli, ipayipi kaphethiloli nezinye izingxenye enjinini, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukusebenza okuvamile kohlelo lukaphethiloli. Ngakho-ke, ngalesi sikhathi, indima yesihlungi sikaphethiloli ibonakala ngokugcwele. Kalula nje, indima yesihlungi sikaphethiloli ukuhlunga ukungcola okuqinile njenge-iron oxide nothuli oluqukethwe kuphethiloli noma emanzini, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunganciphisa amathuba okuthi i-nozzle ivinjwe ukungcola, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungaqinisekisa nekhwalithi kaphethiloli ogeleza ohlelweni lukaphethiloli.
Isimiso sokuhlanza
Umsebenzi wesihlungi sikaphethiloli ukuhlunga umswakama kanye nokungcola kuphethiloli. Lapho injini isebenza, uwoyela kaphethiloli ungena enkomishini yokuvala yesihlungi ngepayipi lokungena ngaphansi kokusebenza kwephampu kaphethiloli. Njengoba ivolumu iba nkulu ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokugeleza liba lincane, amanzi kanye nokungcola okusindayo kunamafutha kuhlala phansi kwendebe, ukungcola okukhanyayo kugeleza kanye nophethiloli uye esihlungini, bese uphethiloli ohlanzekile ungena ngaphakathi kwesihlungi usuka emgodini omncane wesihlungi, bese ugeleza uphume ngepayipi.
Isici sokuhlunga sinezinhlobo ezimbili ze-ceramic enezimbobo kanye nephepha. Isici sokuhlunga iphepha senziwe ngephepha lokuhlunga elinezimbobo ezincane eliphathwe nge-resin, elinokusebenza kahle kokuhlunga okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi kanye nokushintshwa okulula, ngakho-ke lisetshenziswa kabanzi.
Isihlungi sikaphethiloli sihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwe-carburetor kanye nohlobo lomjovo kagesi, ukusetshenziswa kwenjini kaphethiloli ye-carburetor, isihlungi sikaphethiloli sitholakala ohlangothini lokungenisa lwepompo kawoyela, ingcindezi yokusebenza incane, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igobolondo le-nylon, isihlungi sikaphethiloli senjini yomjovo kagesi sitholakala ohlangothini lokuthumela ngaphandle lwepompo kawoyela, ingcindezi yokusebenza iphakeme, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa igobolondo lensimbi. Ingxenye yesihlungi sesihlungi sikaphethiloli ikakhulukazi iphepha lokuhlunga, futhi kusetshenziswa nendwangu ye-nylon nezinto ze-polymer.
Izici zobuchwepheshe
Ngaphakathi kwesihlungi sikaphethiloli, iphepha lesihlungi eligoqiwe kanye nezinhlangothi ezimbili zesihlungi sepulasitiki noma sensimbi kuxhunyiwe, bese uwoyela ongcolile ungena phakathi ngemuva kokuhluzwa udonga lwangaphandle lwesihlungi ngezingqimba zephepha lesihlungi, bese uphethiloli ohlanzekile uphuma.
Ngokungafani nesihlungi sikaphethiloli sohlobo lomugqa, iphepha laso lesihlungi ligoqwa lizungeze ipayipi eliphakathi. Ngemva kokungena kukawoyela ongcolile, lihlungwa ngqo ngephepha lesihlungi. Izinhlayiya zokungcola zibhajwe emseleni wephepha lesihlungi. Ukusebenza kwalesi sihlungi sikaphethiloli kuhle kakhulu, futhi sisetshenziswa ezimotweni eziphakathi neziphezulu.
izinhlobo
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ngokuyinhloko: isihlungi sephepha likaphethiloli esijikelezayo solwandle kanye nesihlungi sephepha likaphethiloli esinomugqa.
Isikhathi sokufaka esikhundleni
Umjikelezo wokushintsha onconywayo: njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-20,000 emotweni, kuye ngezimo zomgwaqo kanye nemikhiqizo kawoyela yemoto.
Ngokuvamile, amakhilomitha angu-5000-8000 kuzodingeka ashintshe izihlungi ezintathu, kodwa futhi kuhlanganiswe nesimo sothuli lomgwaqo owushayelayo.
amakhilomitha
5000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya (ungasishaya futhi ngesibhamu somoya) Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi samafutha namafutha esikhundleni sawo. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela omuhle (ojwayelekile ongu-0-40), ungawushintsha njalo ngamakhilomitha ayi-10,000.
15000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya ukuze uhlole ukuthi uwoyela wamabhuleki kanye ne-antifreeze yamafutha kagesi ayanele yini. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, shintsha isihlungi samafutha namafutha.
Shintsha isihlungi somoya Shintsha isihlungi sikaphethiloli Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi sikawoyela namafutha esikhundleni sawo. Lungisa amathayi angaphambili nangemuva, bese uhlola ukuma kwamasondo amane kanye nebhalansi yesondo ukuze ufake ama-brake pad esikhundleni sawo (noma nini lapho ama-brake pad eshintshwe izikhathi ezintathu, ama-brake disc kufanele afakwe amanye)
25000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya sokuhlanza i-inlet kanye ne-nozzle Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi sawoyela namafutha esikhundleni sawo.
Ibhalansi enamandla yethayi yokufaka esikhundleni samafutha ebhuleki, uwoyela we-booster kanye namafutha okudlulisa. Faka esikhundleni se-spark plug (kungaba nokufakwa esikhundleni okungu-40000, kunconywa ukuthi uthuthukise i-spark plug, ifektri yokuqala iyasebenza kakhulu) faka esikhundleni se-antifreeze
35000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi samafutha namafutha esikhundleni sawo.
Shintsha isihlungi somoya Shintsha amathayi angaphambili nangemuva esihlungi sikaphethiloli, bese wenza indawo enamasondo amane kanye nebhalansi eguquguqukayo yamathayi. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi sikawoyela namafutha esikhundleni sawo. Hlola bese ushintsha ama-brake pads (njalo lapho ama-brake pads eshintshwe izikhathi ezintathu, i-brake disc kumele ifakwe enye)
45000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya ukuze uhlole ukuthi izinga loketshezi alilungile yini. Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, shintsha isihlungi sawoyela namafutha. Hlanza indawo yokungena
55000 Shintsha isihlungi somoya Uma usebenzisa uwoyela ojwayelekile, kufanele ufake isihlungi samafutha namafutha esikhundleni sawo. Hlola uphawu lwepani lamafutha enjini Hlola uphawu lwamafutha esiteringi ukuthi aluvuzi yini
Ukwenziwa komqondo ojwayelekile kube yinto ethandwayo
Injini inezinhlobo ezintathu zezihlungi zomoya, uwoyela kanye nophethiloli, kanti isihlungi somoya esisemotweni ngokuvamile sibizwa ngokuthi "izihlungi ezine". Zinesibopho sohlelo lokungenisa injini, uhlelo lokugcoba, uhlelo lukaphethiloli, kanye nohlelo lokupholisa umoya oluphakathi.
Isihlungi samafutha sitholakala ohlelweni lokugcoba injini. Indima yaso ukuhlunga ukungcola okuyingozi kumafutha avela epanini lamafutha, futhi sinikeze i-crankshaft, induku yokuxhuma, i-camshaft, i-supercharger, indandatho ye-piston kanye nezinye izibhangqwana ezihambayo uwoyela ohlanzekile, sidlala indima yokugcoba, ukupholisa, ukuhlanza, ukuze kwandiswe impilo yalezi zingxenye. Nakuba isihlungi samafutha sihlukanisiwe nomhlaba wangaphandle, ukungcola endaweni ezungezile kunzima ukungena enjinini, kodwa kusekhona ukungcola ku-oyela.
Okokuqala, ukungcola kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezimbili
1) Enye yizinhlayiya zensimbi ezigugayo ekusebenzeni kwezingxenye zenjini kanye nothuli nesihlabathi esivela emlonyeni wokugcwalisa uphethiloli lapho kufakwa uwoyela.
2) Okunye yizinto eziphilayo, okuyidaka elimnyama, okuyizinto ezikhiqizwa izinguquko zamakhemikhali esimweni sokushisa okuphezulu kwamafutha ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini. Zonakalisa ukusebenza kwamafutha, zenze buthaka ukuthambisa, futhi zinamathele ezingxenyeni ezihambayo, zandisa ukumelana. Uhlobo lwangaphambili lwezinhlayiya zensimbi luzosheshisa i-crankshaft yenjini, i-camshaft nezinye izinhlobo zama-bearings kanye nengxenye engezansi yendandatho yesilinda ne-piston, imiphumela yile: igebe lezingxenye liyakhula, isidingo samafutha siyanda, umfutho wamafutha uyehla, kanti igebe phakathi kwe-cylinder liner nendandatho ye-piston likhulu, uwoyela ongaphezulu kwendandatho ye-piston, okuholela ekushiseni uwoyela, okwandisa ivolumu yamafutha futhi kwakha ama-carbon deposits. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphethiloli ugeleza epanini likawoyela, okwenza uwoyela ube mncane futhi uwoyela ungasebenzi kahle. Lokhu akukuhle kakhulu ekusebenzeni komshini, okuholela ekuntuthweni kwentuthu emnyama evela enjinini, ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla, kanye nokuphoqelela ukulungiswa kusenesikhathi. (Isihlungi samafutha sifana nokusebenza kwezinso zomuntu).
Okwesibili, ngokwendawo ethile yokushayela, kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe isihlungi sikawoyela kanye ngamakhilomitha angu-5000-10000
Isihlungi somoya siyithuluzi lokuhlanza umoya, esakhiwe ngegobolondo kanye nesici sokuhlunga, futhi isici sokuhlunga sihlelwe egobolondo. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinto zangaphandle emkhathini, njengothuli, isihlabathi, njll., okuzosheshisa ukuguguleka kwenjini, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe impilo yokusebenza kwenjini. Ngezinye izikhathi amathayi angabamba amatshe andizayo, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu enjinini uma ingena enjinini. Isihlungi somoya siyakuvimbela lokhu.
Ukuze kwandiswe ivolumu yokungenisa, indlu yesihlungi somoya ngokuvamile inkulu, futhi izimoto eziningi zomjaho ziklama ngisho nengxenye yohlaka njengendlu yesihlungi somoya ukuze kwandiswe ivolumu yayo. Lapho injini isebenza, umoya wokungenisa uyaphazamiseka, okubangela ukudlidliza komoya endlini yesihlungi somoya, futhi uma ukushintshashintsha komfutho womoya kukhulu kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi kuthinta ukungena kwenjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kulokhu kuzokwandisa nomsindo wokungenisa. Ukuze kuncishiswe umsindo wokungenisa, ivolumu yendlu yesihlungi somoya ingandiswa, kanti ezinye zihlelwe endaweni yokuhlukanisa ukuze kuncishiswe umsindo.
Ingxenye yesihlungi sesihlungi somoya ihlukaniswe yaba yinto yesihlungi esomile kanye nento yesihlungi esimanzi. Izinto zesihlungi esomile ziyiphepha lesihlungi noma indwangu engalukiwe. Ukuze kwandiswe indawo yokudlula komoya, ingxenye yesihlungi icutshungulwa kakhulu ngemibimbi emincane eminingi. Lapho ingxenye yesihlungi ingcoliswe kancane, ingapheshulwa ngomoya ocindezelwe, futhi lapho ingxenye yesihlungi ingcoliswe kakhulu, ingaphakathi elisha kufanele lishintshwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Isici sesihlungi esimanzi senziwe ngezinto ze-polyurethane ezithambile, okufanele ziconsiswe ngamafutha bese zixovwa ngesandla ukuze zimunce izinto zangaphandle emoyeni. Uma isici sesihlungi singcolile, singahlanzwa ngamafutha okuhlanza, futhi ukungcola ngokweqile kufanele kuthathelwe indawo isici sesihlungi esisha.
Uma isici sokuhlunga sivinjiwe kakhulu, ukumelana kokungena kuzokwanda futhi amandla enjini azoncipha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokwanda kokumelana nomoya, kuzokwandisa nenani likaphethiloli elidonswayo, okuholela esilinganisweni sokuxuba esinamandla kakhulu, okwenza isimo sokusebenza kwenjini sibe sibi kakhulu, kwandise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, futhi kube lula ukukhiqiza ukuqongelela kwekhabhoni. Ngokuvamile kufanele uthuthukise umkhuba wokuhlola njalo isici sokuhlunga umoya, ngokuya ngendawo ethile yokushayela, kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe isihlungi somoya uma usuhambe amakhilomitha ayi-10,000-15,000.
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