Uma kukhulunywa ngenduku yokushintsha, kufanele sikhulume ngentuthuko esheshayo yenduku yokushintsha kagesi, ezinye izinhlobo zenduku yokushintsha, kanye nenye incazelo eningiliziwe.
Manje kunezinhlobo ezine zama-shifter emakethe. Kusukela emlandweni wentuthuko, yilezi: i-MT (i-ManualTransmissionShifter, i-manual shift lever) -> i-AT (i-AutomaticTransmissionTransmissionShifter, i-Automatic gear lever) kuya ku-AMT (i-AutomatedMechanicalTransmissionShifter, i-semi-automatic gear lever), i-GSM (i-GearShiftModule, noma i-SBW = i-ShiftByWire, i-electronic gear lever)
Njengoba induku yokushintsha ye-MT ne-AT empeleni iyisakhiwo esihlanzekile somshini, ayinabo ubudlelwano obuncane nenduku yokushintsha ye-elekthronikhi. Ngakho-ke, njengoba kuchaziwe ekuqaleni, kwakhiwa enye ikholomu.
Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume nge-elekthronikhi ye-shift lever, ake sixoxe nge-AMT shift lever.
I-lever yegiya le-AMT ayigcini nje ngokuzuza isakhiwo semishini se-MT/AT ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi isebenzisa i-induction kagesi ukuhlonza izikhundla zegiya noma ukungaziboni, futhi isebenzisa izimpawu zokukhipha kuphela zezikhundla zegiya ezahlukene. Kalula nje, i-lever yegiya le-AMT noma ingxenye yayo yokuxhumanisa ifakwe omaginethi abanezingongolo ezinhle nezimbi enyakatho naseningizimu, futhi ishintsha indawo yayo ngezikhundla zegiya ezahlukene. Ibhodi lesisekelo (i-PCB) elihlonyiswe nge-SENSOR IC ku-lever ye-shift ye-AMT likhiqiza i-induction enamandla kumamaginethi ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi likhiphe ama-current ahlukene. Imoduli yeprosesa yemoto izoshintsha amagiya ahambisana nama-current noma izimpawu ezahlukene.
Ngokombono wesakhiwo, induku yokushintsha ye-AMT iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunenduku yokushintsha ye-MT/AT, ubuchwepheshe bukhuphukile, izindleko zeyunithi eyodwa zibiza kakhulu, kodwa kwi-OEM yemoto, ukusetshenziswa kwenduku yokushintsha ye-AMT, inqobo nje uma ushintsho oluncane, okungukuthi, lungasebenzisa kakhulu isitimela samandla se-MT, ngakho-ke izindleko zizonke zemoto zizoba ziphansi.
Kungani i-AMT shift lever? Kungenxa yokuthi i-electronic shift rod isebenzisa nomgomo wokufakwa kwe-electromagnetic kwe-AMT shift rod ukuze ishintshe amagiya.
Kodwa-ke, kukhona umehluko phakathi kokuba ne-Micro-CPU ku-substrate kanye nokungabi nayo.
Uma i-substrate (PCB) ifakwe i-Micro-CPU, izohlukanisa amandla kagesi ahlukene, iqinisekise igiya layo elihambisanayo, bese ithumela ulwazi lwegiya elihambisanayo kwi-ECU yemoto ngendlela ethile yokudlulisa (njengesignali ye-CAN). Ulwazi lutholwa yi-ECU ehambisanayo (isb. i-TCM, i-TransmissionControl) bese i-transmission iyalwa ukuba ishintshe. Uma kungekho i-Micro-CPU ebhodini eliyisisekelo (i-PCB), i-electronic shift lever ngokwayo izothunyelwa kwi-ECU yemoto ngesignali yentambo ukuze ishintshe igiya.
Kungashiwo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-AMT shift bar kuyisivumelwano se-OEM yemoto ngezindleko zokukhiqiza izimoto ezishibhile, okunobukhulu obukhulu be-MT/AT shift bar kanye nokukhetha i-electromagnetic induction. Kodwa-ke, ukukhetha i-electronic shift bar akunqunyelwe usayizi, ngakho-ke i-electronic shift bar okwamanje yathuthukiswa ngenhloso yokwenza kube lula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kungashiywa isikhala esiningi ekwakhiweni kwemoto. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapharamitha afana ne-shift rod Stroke kanye ne-Operation Force nawo angathuthukiswa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-mechanical shift rod, okwenza ukusebenza kube lula kumshayeli.
Njengamanje, izinhlobo ze-Lever kagesi emakethe yilezi ezilandelayo: Uhlobo lwe-Lever, Uhlobo lwe-Rotary/Dial, Uhlobo lwe-Push Switch, Uhlobo lwe-Lever yekholomu.
Uma sithatha inkinobho njengesibonelo, ingabuyela ngokuzenzakalelayo kugiya le-P bese ikhiywa yi-BTSI (BRAKING TRANSMISSION SHIFT INTERLOCK) noma ithathe i-automatic lift off. Ohlelweni lwemoto, ibha yokubhuleka iza nohlelo oluvuthiwe kubalulekile, ngaphandle kwalokho izobika amaphutha ahlukahlukene kuphela, ngakho-ke idinga ukubhulasha ukulungisa iphutha lesofthiwe. Umlenze wenkukhu we-BMW onamathelayo unomsebenzi wokubuyela emuva kugiya le-P ngemuva kokucima.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kwebha enkulu yokushintsha imishini, eyakhiwa ngosayizi omkhulu, kuya ekuthuthukisweni kwebha yokushintsha kagesi encane, elula enohlelo lwayo, iye yathuthuka kakhulu ngempela kumabha amade namade, kodwa angikwazi ukusho ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwebha yokushintsha kagesi kuzoba ngenye indlela izindleko zemoto ziphansi, kodwa zizokhuphuka, ngakho-ke i-OEM yamanje isalokhu iklanywa kakhulu yibha yokushintsha imishini. Kodwa ngokwanda okuqhubekayo kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla, kungabikezelwa ukuthi induku yokushintsha kagesi izoba yinto eyinhloko esikhathini esizayo.
