Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-turbocharger liner yemoto
Indima eyinhloko ye-turbocharger yezimoto ukwandisa umthamo wenjini, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise amandla okukhipha kanye ne-torque yenjini, ukuze imoto ithole amandla engeziwe. Ngokukhethekile, i-turbocharger isebenzisa amandla egesi ephuma enjinini ukuze ishayele i-compressor, futhi incindezela umoya epayipini eliwuthathayo, ikhulise ukuminyana, okwenza injini ikwazi ukushisa uphethiloli owengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukuphuma kwamandla.
Isebenza kanjani i-turbocharger
I-Turbocharger yakhiwa ikakhulukazi izingxenye ezimbili: i-turbine ne-compressor. Lapho injini isebenza, igesi yokukhipha umoya ikhishwa ngepayipi le-exhaust, iphushe i-turbine ukuze ijikeleze. Ukuzungezisa kwe-turbine kushayela i-compressor futhi kucindezela umoya epayipini eliwuthathayo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ingcindezi yokuthatha futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokuvutha nokuphuma kwamandla.
Izinzuzo kanye nebubi be-turbocharger
Izinzuzo:
Amandla akhuphukayo aphumayo : Ama-Turbocharger ayakwazi ukukhulisa amandla omoya, okuvumela injini ukuthi ikhiqize amandla engeziwe kanye ne-torque yokugudluza okufanayo.
Ukonga uphethiloli okuthuthukisiwe : Izinjini ezine-turbocharged zisha kangcono, ngokuvamile zonga u-3% -5% kaphethiloli, futhi zinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, izici ezinhle ezifanayo kanye nokusabela kwesikhashana .
ukuzivumelanisa nokuphakama okuphezulu : i-turbocharger ingenza injini igcine amandla aphezulu ekuphakameni okuphezulu, ukuxazulula inkinga yomoya-mpilo omncane endaweni ephakeme.
Okubi :
I-Turbine hysteresis : ngenxa ye-inertia ye-turbine kanye ne-intermediate bear, lapho igesi yokukhipha umoya ikhuphuka ngokuzumayo, isivinini se-turbine ngeke sikhuphuke ngokushesha, okuholela ekuphumeni kwamandla e-hysteresis.
umphumela wejubane eliphansi awumuhle : esimeni sejubane eliphansi noma isiminyaminya sethrafikhi, umphumela we-turbocharger awubonakali, ungcono ngisho kunenjini eshiwo ngokwemvelo.
Ama-turbocharger ezimoto enziwe ngezinto ezihlukene njengamasondo, ama-bearings, amagobolondo nama-impellers. Amasondo ngokuvamile enziwa ngezinto ze-superalloy, njenge-Inconel, Waspaloy, njll., ukuze ahlangabezane nezidingo zokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela.
Ama-bearings avame ukwenziwa nge-cermet nezinye izinto zokuthuthukisa ukuguga nokumelana nokugqwala.
Okwengxenye yegobolondo, igobolondo le-compressor ngokuvamile liyingxubevange ye-aluminium noma ingxubevange ye-magnesium ukuze kwehliswe isisindo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, kuyilapho igobolondo le-turbine ngokuvamile liyinsimbi ecijile.
I-impeller kanye ne-shaft yenziwe kakhulu ngensimbi, ikakhulukazi i-compressor impeller ivame ukusebenzisa i-superalloy, enokumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-oxidation lokushisa eliphezulu, amandla nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izinto zezingxenye ezahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yazo
Ihabhu lamasondo : ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinokushisa okuphezulu kwe-alloy, njenge-Inconel, Waspaloy, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela.
ukuthwala : imvamisa kusetshenziswa i-ceramic yensimbi nezinye izinto ukwenza ngcono ukuguga nokugqwala.
igobolondo:
Igobolondo le-compressor : ikakhulukazi i-aluminium alloy noma i-magnesium alloy, ukunciphisa isisindo kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle.
Igobolondo le-turbine: ikakhulukazi insimbi eyenziwe ngensimbi.
ama-impellers and shafts : ikakhulukazi insimbi, ikakhulukazi ama-compressor impellers avame ukusebenzisa i-superalloy, le alloy inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-oxidation, amandla nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izinto ezinomthelela ekukhethweni kwezinto
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-turbocharger ikakhulukazi kubheka izici ezilandelayo:
Ukushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okuphezulu : izinga lokushisa langaphakathi nokucindezela kwe-turbocharger kuphezulu, futhi kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinto ezinokushisa okuphezulu okuhle nokumelana nokucindezela okukhulu.
Ukumelana nokugqoka : izingxenye ezigcizelelwe zidinga ukumelana okuthile ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yesevisi.
Izakhiwo zemishini : izinto zokwakha zidinga ukuba namandla anele kanye nokuqina ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.
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