Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-liner ye-turbocharger yemoto
Indima eyinhloko ye-turbocharger yezimoto ukwandisa ukungenisa kwenjini, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe amandla okukhipha kanye ne-torque yenjini, ukuze imoto ithole amandla engeziwe. Ngokukhethekile, i-turbocharger isebenzisa amandla egesi yokukhipha enjinini ukushayela i-compressor, futhi icindezela umoya ungene epayipini lokungenisa, yandise ubuningi bokungenisa, ivumele injini ukuthi ishise uphethiloli owengeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela yandise ukukhishwa kwamandla.
Indlela esebenza ngayo i-turbocharger
I-Turbocharger yakhiwe kakhulu ngezingxenye ezimbili: i-turbine kanye ne-compressor. Uma injini isebenza, igesi yokukhipha umoya ikhishwa ngepayipi lokukhipha umoya, isunduze i-turbine ukuthi ijikeleze. Ukujikeleza kwe-turbine kuqhuba i-compressor futhi kucindezele umoya ungene epayipini lokungenisa umoya, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ingcindezi yokungenisa umoya futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla.
Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwama-turbocharger
Izinzuzo:
Ukwanda kwamandla okukhipha : Ama-Turbocharger ayakwazi ukwandisa ukungena komoya, okuvumela injini ukuthi ikhiqize amandla amaningi kanye ne-torque yokushintsha okufanayo .
Ukonga kukaphethiloli okuthuthukisiwe: Izinjini ezine-turbocharged zishisa kangcono, ngokuvamile zigcina u-3%-5% kaphethiloli, futhi zinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu, izici ezinhle zokufanisa kanye nokusabela kwesikhashana.
ukuzivumelanisa nokuphakama okuphezulu: i-turbocharger ingenza injini igcine amandla aphezulu okukhipha amandla endaweni ephezulu, ukuxazulula inkinga ye-oxygen encane endaweni ephezulu.
Okubi:
I-Turbine hysteresis : ngenxa yokungabi namandla kwe-turbine kanye ne-medium bearing, lapho igesi yokukhipha umoya ikhuphuka ngokuzumayo, ijubane le-turbine ngeke likhuphuke ngokushesha, okuholela ku-hysteresis yokukhipha amandla .
Umphumela wesivinini esiphansi awumuhle: uma kwenzeka isivinini esiphansi noma ukuminyana kwezimoto, umphumela we-turbocharger awubonakali, ungcono ngisho nangaphezu kwenjini ephefumulayo ngokwemvelo.
Ama-turbocharger ezimoto enziwe ngezinto ezahlukene ezifana namasondo, amabheringi, amagobolondo kanye nama-impeller. Amasondo avame ukwenziwa ngezinto ze-superalloy, njenge-Inconel, i-Waspaloy, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela.
Ama-bearings avame ukwenziwa nge-cermet nezinye izinto zokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka nokugqwala.
Ingxenyeni yegobolondo, igobolondo le-compressor liyi-aluminium alloy noma i-magnesium alloy ukuze kuncishiswe isisindo futhi kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle, kuyilapho igobolondo le-turbine liyinsimbi ephonswe kakhulu.
I-impeller kanye ne-shaft zenziwe ngensimbi, ikakhulukazi i-compressor impeller ivame ukusebenzisa i-superalloy, enokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushiswa kwe-oxidation ekushiseni okuphezulu, amandla kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.
Izinto zokwakha izingxenye ezahlukene kanye nemisebenzi yazo
Ihabhu lesisondo: ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ze-alloy ezinokushisa okuphezulu, njenge-Inconel, i-Waspaloy, njll., ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela.
i-bearing: ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-ceramic yensimbi nezinye izinto ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka nokugqwala.
igobolondo:
igobolondo le-compressor: ikakhulukazi i-aluminium alloy noma i-magnesium alloy, ukunciphisa isisindo nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle.
igobolondo le-turbine : ikakhulukazi izinto zensimbi ezibunjiwe .
ama-impeller kanye nama-shaft: ikakhulukazi insimbi, ikakhulukazi ama-compressor impeller avame ukusebenzisa i-superalloy, le alloy inokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokushiswa kwe-oxidation ekushiseni okuphezulu, amandla kanye nokumelana nokugqwala .
Izici ezithonya ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo
Ukukhethwa kwezinto ze-turbocharger kucabangela kakhulu lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu : izinga lokushisa langaphakathi kanye nokucindezela kwe-turbocharger kuphezulu, futhi kuyadingeka ukukhetha izinto ezinokushisa okuphezulu okuhle kanye nokumelana nokucindezela okuphezulu .
Ukumelana nokuguguleka: izingxenye ezicindezelekile zidinga ukuba nokumelana nokuguguleka okuthile ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo yesevisi.
Izakhiwo zemishini: izinto zokwakha zidinga ukuba namandla nokuqina okwanele ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.
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