Iyini i-bearing yenduku yokuxhuma yezimoto?
Iphinikhodi ye-crankshaft (eyaziwa ngokuthi "iphinikhodi encane") iyingxenye ebalulekile yokuthwala eshelelayo enjinini. Ifakwa phakathi kwengxenye enkulu yenduku yokuxhuma kanye nejenali yenduku yokuxhuma ye-crankshaft, esebenza ukuxhuma i-piston, ukuxhuma induku kanye ne-crankshaft, futhi ikhuthaza ukudluliselwa kwamandla kanye nokuguqulwa kokunyakaza. Umsebenzi oyinhloko
Nciphisa ukungqubuzana: Ngokusebenzisa izinto ezingamelani nokugcinwa kahle, ukungqubuzana okushelelayo phakathi kwenduku yokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft kuyancishiswa.
Ukusekela kanye nokubeka: Qinisekisa ukuthi induku yokuxhuma ijikeleza kahle izungeze i-crankshaft ngesikhathi sokuzulazula kwesivinini esikhulu.
Ukushabalalisa ukushisa: Dlulisa ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana ekhanda elikhulu lenduku yokuxhuma ukuze kuvinjelwe ukushisa kakhulu kwendawo.
Ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli kanye nokugcotshwa: Amanye amajenali enduku yokuxhuma aklanywe ngemifantu kaphethiloli kanye nemigodi kaphethiloli, enikeza uwoyela odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepiston ukuze kuphole ipiston.
Izici zesakhiwo
Ukwakheka kwezinto: Ngokuvamile kwakhiwe ngensimbi engemuva + ungqimba lwe-alloy olunciphisa ukuguguleka (njenge-alloy ye-Babbitt, i-alloy esekelwe ku-tin-aluminium ephezulu, ithusi eliholayo, njll.).
Ubukhulu: Ingemuva lensimbi cishe lingu-1–3mm, kanti ungqimba olunciphisa ukuguguleka cishe lingu-0.3–0.7mm.
Umklamo ohlukanisiwe: Uhlukaniswe ngamajenali aphezulu naphansi, futhi isiqondiso sokufakwa kanye nokumaka kumele kuqashelwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa.
Isakhiwo sokubeka: Kunezimbobo noma ama-notches okuvimbela ukuzungeza noma ukufakwa okungalungile.
Amagama ahlukile avamile kanye nokwehluka
"Ijenali encane": Iqanjwe ngoba ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma incane kunejenali eyinhloko ("ijenali enkulu"), futhi incane ngobukhulu.
Umehluko kusuka kumagazini oyinhloko:
Ijenali eyinhloko (ijenali enkulu): Isekela ijenali ye-crankshaft futhi inamathele kubhulokhi yesilinda. Isakhiwo sivame ukuba nemigodi yamafutha kanye nemisele yokuhlinzeka ngamafutha, esetshenziselwa ukusekela okuzinzile.
Ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma (ijenali encane): Ilandela ukujikisa okuphindaphindayo kwenduku yokuxhuma, ngesakhiwo esilula. Ezinye izinjini zesivinini esikhulu zinesembozo sokuthuthukisa ukumelana nokuguguleka.
Ukubonakaliswa kwamaphutha
Ukuphuma okukhulu: Ukuncipha kwengcindezi kawoyela nomsindo "wokungqongqoza kwesilinda".
Ukungavuleki ngokwanele: Ukuguguleka okusheshayo, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela "ukukhiya kwe-crankshaft".
Umsindo ongajwayelekile: Iphutha lejenali yenduku yokuxhuma libonakala kakhulu njengomsindo ocacile "wokuthepha", ikakhulukazi osobala kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okungazelelwe.
Iziphakamiso zokulungisa
Uma kufakwa esikhundleni amajenali enduku yokuxhuma, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imininingwane yokuqala noma ehambisanayo yamajenali angempela.
Ukufakwa kumele kulandele ngokuqinile izidingo ze-torque ukuze kuqiniswe amabhawodi enduku yokuxhuma, futhi kuqinisekiswe imininingwane yokuhlanganisa efana nokuqondiswa kwejenali, ukumaka, kanye nokuqondiswa komcibisholo wepiston kuya egiyeni lesikhathi.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwansuku zonke, naka ikhwalithi yamafutha kanye nomjikelezo wokushintsha, njengoba uwoyela ongemuhle uzosheshisa ukuguguleka kwejenali.
Amajenali enduku yokuxhuma imoto (aziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "amajenali amancane") ayizingxenye ezithwala izinto ezishelelayo enjinini, ezifakwe phakathi kwekhanda elikhulu lenduku yokuxhuma kanye nejenali ye-crankshaft. Imisebenzi yawo eyinhloko ingafingqwa kanje:
Nciphisa ukungqubuzana kanye nokuguga: Ngesendlalelo se-alloy esinciphisa ukuguguleka (njenge-alloy emhlophe, i-alloy esekelwe ku-aluminium, njll.), ukungqubuzana okuqondile phakathi kwekhanda elikhulu lenduku yokuxhuma kanye nejenali ye-crankshaft kuyancishiswa, okuvikela kokubili ekugugulekeni ngokweqile.
Ukusekela kanye nokuma: Njengebheyari elishelelayo, isekela ijenali ye-crankshaft, iqinisekisa ukuxhumana okuzinzile phakathi kwenduku yokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft, igcina umzila wokunyakaza oqondile.
Amandla okudlulisa: Kudlulisela ingcindezi yegesi kanye namandla okuphindaphindana kwe-inertia athwalwa yi-piston kuya ku-crankshaft, kufeza ukuguqulwa kusuka ekunyakazeni kwe-piston okuqondile kuya ekunyakazeni kokujikeleza kwe-crankshaft.
Ukugcotshwa kanye nokushabalaliswa kokushisa:
Imisele kawoyela kanye nezimbobo zikawoyela ezikujenali ziveza kahle uwoyela, zakha ifilimu kawoyela eqinile, zifinyelela ukuthambisa;
Ingemuva lensimbi elincane lihambisa ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana kuya ekhanda elikhulu lenduku yokuxhuma, okusiza ekushabalaleni kokushisa, kuvimbele ukushisa ngokweqile kwendawo.
Yandisa impilo yesevisi: Ngokuklama okumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokuhlanganiswa okunengqondo, nciphisa ukuguguleka kwejenali, futhi uthuthukise ukuqina kwenjini iyonke.
Amajenali enduku yokuxhuma avame ukuhlukaniswa ngamajenali aphezulu naphansi. Ijenali ephezulu inemifantu kawoyela kanye nemigodi kawoyela yokuhlinzeka ngowoyela emgodini wangaphakathi wepiston ukuze uphole; ijenali engezansi ayinamifantu kawoyela futhi ngokuyinhloko ithatha indima yokusekela. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa, naka isiqondiso sezindawo zokubeka kanye nezindinganiso ze-torque, ngaphandle kwalokho, ivame ukubangela umsindo ongajwayelekile, ukushiswa kwejenali, noma ngisho nokukhiywa kwe-crankshaft.
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