I-crankshaft bearing yemoto yenziwe ngani?
I-crankshaft bearing yezimoto (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-crankshaft bearing noma i-large bearing) iyisiketi se-sliding bearing esinesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe. Yakhiwe kakhulu nge-back yensimbi kanye nesendlalelo se-alloy esinciphisa ukuguguleka. Lesi sakhiwo sihlanganisa amandla nokumelana nokuguguleka ukuze sivumelane nendawo yokusebenza yenjini yesivinini esiphezulu, umfutho ophezulu, kanye nokushisa okuphezulu.
Ukwakheka kwezinto eziyinhloko
Insimbi engemuva: Ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi enekhabhoni ephansi noma insimbi ye-alloy, enikeza ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo kanye nokuqina.
I-alloy enciphisa ukuguguleka: Uma ixhumana ngqo ne-crankshaft, isebenza imisebenzi yokunciphisa ukungqubuzana, umthwalo wokuthwala, kanye nokuqeda ukushisa. Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka:
I-alloy ye-Babbitt (esekelwe ku-tin noma esekelwe ku-lead)
Izici: Ukumelana okuhle nokuguguleka kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuhle
Isicelo: Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinjini zikaphethiloli ezinamazinga aphansi okuqinisa
I-alloy esekelwe kuthusi (njengethusi eliholayo, i-alloy yethusi eliholayo)
Izici: Amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuphezulu, kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu
Isicelo: Kufanelekela izinjini zedizili noma izinjini zikaphethiloli ezithwala umthwalo omkhulu
I-alloy esekelwe ku-aluminium (esekelwe ku-aluminium ephezulu noma esiliva ephansi)
Izici: Isisindo esincane, ukushabalalisa ukushisa okuhle, kanye nokumelana okuhle kakhulu nokuguguleka
Isicelo: Njengamanje isetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-crankshaft bearings enjini yokushisa yangaphakathi. Incazelo Eyengeziwe
Ama-alloy asekelwe ku-aluminium abe yisinqumo esivamile ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okuvelele okuphelele, afaneleka kakhulu ezinjini zesimanje ezinejubane eliphezulu lokujikeleza kanye nokusebenza okuqhubekayo.
Eminye imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu izophinde iphathwe njengokufakwa kwe-tin plating kanye ne-phosphating ebusweni be-alloy obungagugi ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zokungqubuzana.
Amajenali e-crankshaft avame ukusetshenziswa ngamabili (phezulu nangaphansi), afakwe phakathi kwejenali enkulu ye-crankshaft kanye ne-cylinder block, ethembele kufilimu kawoyela engamamilimitha angaba ngu-0.005 ukuze kufezwe ukugcotshwa koketshezi nokuvimbela ukuthintana kwensimbi ngqo.
Ukuze ubuke izinto ezithile zamajenali e-crankshaft emoto ethile, ungabheka incwadi yokulungisa noma ubuze ulwazi oluhambisanayo nge-Autohome Crankshaft Journal.
Amajenali e-crankshaft ezimoto ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zokuthwala ezishelelayo enjinini. Imisebenzi yawo eyinhloko ingafingqwa kanje:
Sekela futhi ulungise i-crankshaft: Qinisekisa ukuthi i-crankshaft igcina indawo eqondile ye-radial ngesikhathi sokujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu, ugweme ukuthuthumela noma ukuphambuka.
Yakha ifilimu kawoyela yokuthambisa ngoketshezi: Yakha ifilimu kawoyela encane kakhulu (cishe amamilimitha angu-0.005) phakathi kwejenali ye-crankshaft kanye nejenali, uguqule ukungqubuzana kwensimbi okuqondile kube ukuthambisa ngoketshezi, kunciphisa kakhulu ukuguguleka.
Nciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuguga: Ngesakhiwo sesleeve esakhiwe ngezinto ezingagugi njenge-babbitt alloy kanye ne-copper-lead alloy, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukumelana nokungqubuzana futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini.
Ukushabalalisa nokupholisa ukushisa: Sebenzisa ukujikeleziswa kukawoyela wenjini ukususa ukushisa okusebenzayo, ukuvimbela amabheringi ukuthi angasebenzi ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu.
Ukuma kwe-Axial (kwezinye izinhlobo): Amajenali e-flanged crankshaft anganciphisa nokunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-crankshaft eceleni kwe-axis, okuqinisekisa indawo eqondile yezingxenye ezihambayo.
Uma ukuthambisa kukubi, ukuhlanganiswa kungafanele, noma uwoyela wenjini uqukethe ukungcola, kungabangela ukuthi ifilimu kawoyela iqhume, okuholela emaphutheni amakhulu njengokushisa ijenali, ukubamba umgodi, njll., okubonakala njengokuncipha kwengcindezi kawoyela, umsindo ongavamile, kanye namandla anciphile. Ngakho-ke, ukushintsha uwoyela wenjini njalo kanye nezihlungi, kanye nokugcina imoto ngokwezidingo, kubaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni amabheringi e-crankshaft.
Ukwehluleka kwe-crankshaft bearing emotweni (eyaziwa ngokuthi "ukuqeda i-bearing" noma "ukuphula i-bearing") kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu zemishini yenjini. Ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukwehluleka kwe-lubrication, okuholela ekugayweni okomile, ukusha kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ngisho nokubanjwa phakathi kwe-crankshaft journal kanye ne-bearing. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungaholela nasekubhujisweni kwenjini.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko:
Umsindo ongajwayelekile: Injini ikhipha umsindo ongathi "tang, tang" noma "buzzing" wensimbi ogoqozayo, ikakhulukazi obonakala kakhulu uma usheshisa.
I-alamu yokucindezela uwoyela: Isibani senkomba yokucindezela uwoyela kudeshibhodi siyakhanya, kanti igeyiji yokucindezela uwoyela ikhombisa ukufundwa okuphansi.
Ukulahlekelwa amandla: Amandla okukhipha injini ayancipha, futhi ukusheshisa kuba buthaka.
Ukukhishwa komoya okweqile: Kungase kuphume intuthu emnyama.
I-alamu yokushisa okuphezulu: Izinga lokushisa lamanzi eliphakeme ngokungavamile noma izinga lokushisa likawoyela.
Ayikwazi ukuqala noma injini ima: Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-crankshaft kanye ne-bearing kuyashiswa futhi kunamathele ndawonye, okuvimbela injini ukuthi ijikeleze.
Izimbangela ezivamile:
Izinkinga zesistimu yokugcoba:
Umfutho kawoyela onganele (ukuguga kwephampu kawoyela, ukwehluleka kwevalvu ekhawulela umfutho, ukuvuza kwesekethe kawoyela).
Ubuningi bamafutha obunganele noma obuthakathaka (ukuntuleka kwesikhathi eside kokufakwa esikhundleni sawo, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha angewona awemvelo).
Ukuhlanganiswa kwamafutha (i-coolant egeleza epanini lamafutha, njengokwehluleka kwendandatho evimba amanzi ye-cylinder liner).
Izindlela zikawoyela ezivalekile (ukungcola, ama-carbon deposits, izingcezu zensimbi ezivimba indlela kawoyela eyinhloko noma imigodi kawoyela we-crankshaft).
Izinkinga zokuhlanganisa nokususa:
Ukususwa okukhulu noma okunganele kwe-bearing clearance (okuthinta ukwakheka kwefilimu kawoyela).
Ukukhetha noma ukufaka amabhereyitha okungalungile.
Imithetho yokusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo:
Ukuqala injini ngesivinini esikhulu futhi ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala okubandayo.
Ukulayisha ngokweqile isikhathi eside kanye nokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu.
Ukumisa injini ngokushesha ngemva kokushisa, okubangela ukuba ifilimu kawoyela yonakale.
Amaphutha okuklama noma okukhiqiza:
Ukuphela kobuso okubi kanye nekhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-crankshaft noma i-bearing.
Ukuzungeza kwejenali ye-crankshaft okungavamile, ukuguqulwa, njll.
Iziphakamiso zokwelapha:
Misa imoto ngokushesha: Uma kuvela izimpawu ezisolwayo zokwehluleka kwebhereyitha (njengomsindo ongajwayelekile, i-alamu yokucindezela uwoyela), yimisa imoto ngokushesha futhi ungaqhubeki nokushayela. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukugwema umonakalo owengeziwe.
Ukugcinwa kobungcweti:
Shintsha i-crankshaft main bearing (i-large bearing) kanye ne-connecting rod bearing (i-small bearing).
Hlola ukuthi ijenali ye-crankshaft iklwebhekile, i-oxidized, idonswe, noma ikhubazekile; uma umonakalo umkhulu, kuyadingeka "ukugaya umgodi" noma ukufaka esikhundleni se-crankshaft.
Hlanza indlela kawoyela, shintsha iphampu kawoyela kanye nesihlungi, bese ulungisa izindawo zokuvuza ohlelweni lokupholisa.
Hlola ukuthi ingasetshenziswa yini ngokuqhubekayo:
Uma "kuyiphutha elincane lamabhereyitha", ngemuva kokulungiswa kobuchwepheshe bokugaya nokushintsha ibhereyitha elisha, lingasetshenziswa futhi.
Uma ijenali ye-crankshaft igugile kakhulu, i-crankshaft ikhubazekile noma iphukile, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukuthi kufakwe enye i-crankshaft. Akukhuthazwa ukuqhubeka nokusebenzisa ingxenye endala.
Izindlela zokuvimbela:
Hlola njalo bese ushintsha uwoyela nesihlungi esihlangabezana nezidingo.
Ngaphambi kokushayela, qinisekisa ukuthi izinga likawoyela lingaphakathi kwebanga elijwayelekile (isikali esiphakathi se-dipstick).
Gwema ukusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu noma umthwalo osindayo ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala okubandayo.
Shisa injini emanzini afudumele ngaphezu kuka-40°C ngaphambi kokuqala ebusika.
Qaphela isimo samafutha: Uma kukhona i-emulsification (umbala omhlophe, igwebu eliningi), ukuncipha kwe-viscosity, noma iphunga likaphethiloli, yilungise ngokushesha.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, qhubeka ufunda ezinye izihloko ezikulesi siza!
Sicela usishayele ucingo uma udinga imikhiqizo enjalo.
Inkampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophezele ekuthengiseni i-MG&I-MAXUSizingxenye zezimoto zamukelekile ukuthenga.
