Isilawuli Sokushaja: Umlawuli Ongabonakali kanye Nomphenduli Wephutha Wesistimu Yamandla Ezimoto
Ohlelweni lwamandla oluyinkimbinkimbi lwemoto, yize isilawuli sokushaja singavelele njengenjini noma ibhokisi lamagiya, sidlala indima ebalulekile. Sifana nomlawuli oqondile ohlala elungisa amapharamitha ngokusekelwe esimweni sokusebenza kwenjini ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamandla okusebenzayo nokuzinzile emotweni.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesilawuli sokushaja imoto
Isilawuli sokushaja imoto sihlukaniswe kakhulu ngabalawuli bokushaja besistimu yamandla kanye nabalawuli besigaba senjini, ngasinye senza imisebenzi yaso ukuze sigcine ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto.
Ohlelweni lwamandla emoto, isilawuli sokushaja sinesibopho somsebenzi obalulekile wokuzinzisa i-voltage. Ibanga lejubane lenjini libanzi, futhi i-voltage yokuphuma yejenereyitha izoshintshashintsha ngokufanele. Imishini kagesi engaphakathi emotweni, njengezibani zangaphambili, izinhlelo zomsindo, kanye nokuhamba kwemoto, konke kudinga i-voltage ezinzile ukuze isebenze kahle. Isilawuli sokushaja silawula usayizi wamandla kazibuthe ngaphakathi kwejenereyitha, sandise ugesi lapho ijubane lenjini liphansi futhi silinciphise lapho ijubane liphezulu, siqinise ugesi wokuphuma kwejenereyitha ngenani elilinganiselwe (ngokuvamile cishe ku-14.0V) ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini kagesi yemoto ayithintwa ukushintshashintsha kwe-voltage. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inemisebenzi yokuvimbela ugesi wokushaja ngokweqile nokunqamula ugesi obuyela emuva, ukugwema ukulimala kwebhethri nejenereyitha ngenxa yogesi wokushaja ngokweqile, ukuvimbela ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngokweqile kanye nomonakalo kuma-windings ejenereyitha, kanye nokwandisa ngempumelelo isikhathi sebhethri nejenereyitha.
Isilawuli sesigaba senjini sigxile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kwenjini. Isibonelo, isilawuli sesigaba se-VVT singalungisa isigaba se-camshaft ngokuya ngezinguquko ezimweni zokusebenza kwenjini, ngaleyo ndlela silungise ivolumu yokungenisa kanye neyokukhipha, silawule isikhathi sokuvula nokuvala kanye ne-engeli yamavalvu. Ezimweni zesivinini esiphansi noma somthwalo ophansi, isilawuli sesigaba sokungenisa sizothuthukisa ngokufanele isikhathi sokuvala sevalvu yokungenisa, sidale ukushaywa okufushane kokungenisa, sithuthukise umphumela wokujika kanye nokujikeleza kusilinda, senze ingxube ifane kakhulu, sithuthukise ukuzinza kokushisa, futhi sithuthukise ukuphuma kwe-torque yesivinini esiphansi, senze imoto iqale kahle; lapho injini isejubaneni eliphezulu noma izimo zomthwalo ophakeme, izolibazisa isikhathi sokuvala sevalvu yokungenisa, yandise ubude bokushaya kokungenisa, ivumele umoya omningi ungene kusilinda, futhi ihambisane nesikhathi sokufaka uphethiloli kamuva ukuze kwakheke ingxube exinene, yandise ukuphuma kwamandla kwenjini, ihlangabezane nezidingo zokusheshisa imoto noma ukushayela ngesivinini esikhulu.
Izimpawu ezivamile zokwehluleka kwesilawuli sokushaja imoto
Uma isilawuli sokushaja imoto sihluleka, sizobonisa ukungalingani ezicini eziningi zemoto.
Uma isilawuli sokushaja uhlelo lwamandla sihluleka, into evame kakhulu ukuthi ijenereyitha ayikhiqizi ugesi. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibani sesibonakaliso sebhethri kudeshibhodi sizokhanya, okuvame ukubangelwa ukuwohloka kwe-transistor ye-field-effect yomlawuli we-voltage noma i-transistor yaseDarlington. Kungase kube nesimo sokukhiqizwa kwamandla ngokweqile, okuzobangela ibhethri ukuthi lishaje kakhulu, okuzothinta impilo yebhethri, futhi kuholele ekulimaleni kwebhethri, okubonakala njenge-voltage yebhethri engaphansi kuka-10V, okwenza kube nzima ngemoto ukuqala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilawuli sejenereyitha esonakele sizobangela nokuthi imoto ibe nobunzima bokusheshisa, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, futhi kuthinte kakhulu ukusebenza kwemoto.
Ukwehluleka kwesilawuli sesigaba senjini kuzothinta ngqo ukukhishwa kwamandla enjini kanye nokonga uphethiloli. Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka, injini ingase ibe nokungahlali kahle okungazinzile, ukuzamazama okukhulu, ukukhishwa kwe-torque okungaphansi kwesivinini esiphansi okunganele, kanye nokuqala kwemoto okuhamba kancane; ngesivinini esiphezulu, ukukhishwa kwamandla akukwazi ukufinyelela ezingeni elijwayelekile, futhi ukusebenza kokusheshisa kuzokwehla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuncipha kokusebenza kahle kokushisa, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwemoto kuzokwanda kakhulu, futhi ukukhishwa komoya ophumayo kungadlula indinganiso.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokulungiswa kokwehluleka kwesilawuli sokushaja imoto
Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwesilawuli sokushaja kwesistimu yamandla, izindlela zokuthola zobungcweti zingasetshenziswa ekuxilongeni. Isibonelo, lapho kuhlolwa imoto, kungasetshenziswa ugesi we-DC oguquguqukayo ongu-10 - 20V (noma ongu-20 - 40V), oxhunywe ngokwezindlela ezithile, futhi kubhekwe ushintsho lwesikhombisi semitha samanje noma isimo sebhalbhu ukuze kulinganiswe i-voltage elawulayo yomlawuli. Uma i-voltage ingekho ngaphakathi kuka-13.6 - 14.5V, kusho ukuthi umlawuli unephutha. Ngokuvamile, abalawuli besekethe abahlanganisiwe abakwazi ukulungiswa uma sebewonakele futhi bangashintshwa kuphela. Uma beshintshwa, kubalulekile ukukhetha umlawuli ofanele ofanelana nowasekuqaleni ngokwe-voltage eqondile, i-ground polarity, kanye nezinye izici. Amazinga e-voltage kanye nezinhlobo zokumisa zesilawuli kanye nejeneretha kufanele futhi zihambisane.
Ukuxilongwa kwezilawuli zokushintshashintsha kwesigaba senjini kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokuxilonga yezimoto yobungcweti. Ukufunda amakhodi amaphutha enjini, ukuhlaziya idatha yesigaba se-camshaft, njll. Uma iphutha selitholakele, kubalawuli besigaba abaqhutshwa yi-hydraulic, kungadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi isekethe kawoyela we-hydraulic ivaliwe yini nokuthi indandatho yokuvala yonakele yini; kubalawuli abaqhutshwa ngugesi, kuyadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi isekethe yemoto kanye neyokulawula ijwayelekile yini. Kwezinye izimo, izingxenye zomlawuli wesigaba ezonakele zidinga ukushintshwa.
Amaphuzu abalulekile okugcinwa kwansuku zonke kwama-modulator ezimoto
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kokwehluleka kwe-modulator yezimoto, ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke kubalulekile. Okokuqala, ukuhlolwa njalo kwesistimu kagesi yemoto kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izintambo phakathi kwejeneretha nomlawuli ziphephile, kugwenywe amaphutha njengokushaja okungazinzile ngenxa yezintambo ezikhululekile. Okwesibili, ngokwezidingo zencwadi yokulungisa imoto, shintsha njalo uwoyela wenjini, izihlungi zomoya, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwengaphakathi lenjini futhi unikeze indawo yokusebenza enhle yomlawuli wesigaba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ushintsha ibhethri noma ijeneretha, khetha imikhiqizo efanela imoto ukuze ugweme ukulimaza i-modulator ngenxa yokungafani kwamandla kagesi noma ezinye izinkinga.
Njengengxenye ebalulekile yesistimu yamandla yemoto, ama-modulator ezimoto awanakubukelwa phansi. Ukuqonda imisebenzi yawo, ukubonakaliswa kwamaphutha, kanye nezindlela zokuxilonga nokuxazulula kungasiza abanikazi bezimoto ukuhlonza nokuxazulula izinkinga ngokushesha, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto nokwandisa isikhathi sayo sokuphila.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe, qhubeka ufunda ezinye izihloko ezikulesi siza!
Sicela usishayele ucingo uma udinga imikhiqizo enjalo.
Inkampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophezele ekuthengiseni i-MG&I-MAXUSizingxenye zezimoto zamukelekile ukuthenga.
