Ikhoyili yokukhanyisa: Isikhungo esiyinhloko samandla enjini
Ikhoyili yokushisa iyisici esiyinhloko sohlelo lokushisa lwemoto. Empeleni, iyi-transformer ekhethekile ye-pulse. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukuguqula ugesi we-voltage ephansi engu-12V ohlinzekwa yibhethri ube ugesi we-voltage ephezulu ongu-15,000-30,000V, okunikeza amandla anele ukuze i-spark plug ikhiqize i-spark kagesi, ngaleyo ndlela kuvuthe ingxube esilinda senjini bese kuqhuba injini ukuthi isebenze.
Isebenza ngokusekelwe esimisweni sokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic: Lapho ikhoyili eyinhloko inikezwa ngogesi we-low-voltage, kukhiqizwa insimu yamagnetic bese kuqongelelwa amandla. Lapho isilawuli sokushisa sinqamula ugesi, insimu yamagnetic eshintsha ngokushesha ibangela ugesi we-high-voltage ekujikeni kwesibili okujika kakhulu kunokujikeleza okuyinhloko. Logesi we-high-voltage ube usudluliswa nge-spark plug ukuze u-ionise umoya bese wenza inhlansi kagesi, ivuthe ingxube ngokushesha. Le nqubo idinga ukufana kahle nezimo zokusebenza zenjini. I-ECU izolungisa isikhathi sokushisa ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusekelwe kumapharamitha afana nesivinini nomthwalo ukuqinisekisa ukuphuma kwamandla okubushelelezi nokusebenza kahle.
Ngaphezu kokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi ayisisekelo, ikhoyili yokushisa ithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwenjini: Ukushisa okusebenzayo kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushisa, kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kanye nokukhishwa komoya; ukwakheka kokushisa okuzimele (ikhoyili eyodwa ngesilinda) kunganciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla futhi kuthuthukise ukuzinza kwamandla ezimweni zokusebenza ezisheshayo; amanye amakhoyili anemisebenzi yokuthola ukushisa anganikeza nempendulo ngesimo sokushisa, okwenza ngcono kakhulu ukulawula ukushisa.
Isexwayiso sephutha: Izimpawu eziyisithupha ezijwayelekile okufanele uziqaphele
Ikhoyili yokushisa isebenza endaweni enzima enokushisa okuphezulu, umfutho ophezulu, kanye nokudlidliza okuvamile, okwenza ithambekele ekugugeni kokushisa kanye ne-coil short circuits. Izimpawu ezilandelayo zivame ukubonwa:
Ukudlidliza okukhulu kokungenzi lutho: Ukwehluleka kwekhoyili yokushisa ye-cylinder eyodwa kuzobangela ukuntuleka kokunikezwa kukaphethiloli, okuholela ekusebenzeni okungalingani kwenjini. Umzimba wemoto kanye nesiteringi kuzonyakaza ngokuphawulekayo lapho kungenzi lutho, futhi ipayipi lokukhipha umoya lizokhipha umsindo "oqhumayo". Ukuthinta ipayipi lokukhipha umoya kuzoveza ukudlidliza okungajwayelekile.
Ukusheshisa okubuthakathaka ngokuma kancane: Amandla okushisa anganele abangela ukusha okungaphelele kwengxube, okuholela ekuphenduleni kokusheshisa okulibazisekile. Ukuma kancane kwenzeka ebangeni lika-2000-3000 rpm, futhi ukulahlekelwa amandla kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhuphuka.
Ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphezulu ngendlela engavamile: Ingxube engashiswanga ikhishwa ngqo, okuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okungu-10%-30%. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uphethiloli ukhipha iphunga likaphethiloli elinamandla, futhi udonga lwangaphakathi lwepayipi lokukhipha uphethiloli lungaba namabala kawoyela.
Isibani sephutha siyakhanyisa futhi amakhodi ephutha athile: Uma i-ECU ithola i-ignition anomaly, izokhanyisa isibani sephutha senjini. Ithuluzi lokuxilonga lizofunda amakhodi ephutha afana ne-P0300 (i-random misfire) noma i-P0301-P0304 (i-specific cylinder misfire).
Ubunzima bokuqala: Esimweni sezulu esibandayo, ukusebenza kokushisa kwekhoyili yokushisa kuyawohloka, ayikwazi ukunikeza ugesi owanele we-voltage ephezulu, okuholela emizamweni yokushisa ephindaphindwayo ngesikhathi sokuqala okubandayo, futhi izimo ezimbi kakhulu zingabangela ukuthi injini icime ngokushesha lapho iqala ukusebenza.
Ukubukeka kanye nokungasebenzi kahle: Kuvela imifantu noma amamaki okusha ebusweni bekhoyili, noma ipulaki yokuxhuma ingcoliswe uwoyela futhi igqwalile. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ungqimba lokuvikela lonakele; uma inani lokumelana lingaphezu kwebanga elijwayelekile (ukumelana kwesibili ngokuvamile kungu-5000-70000Ω), kuyadingeka ukulishintsha ngokushesha.
Ukugcinwa nokufakwa esikhundleni: Yandisa impilo yesevisi ngokwesayensi
Umjikelezo wokushintsha ikhoyili yokushisa awulona inani elinqunyiwe. Ngokuvamile, amakhilomitha ayi-100,000 anconywa njengendawo yokubhekisela, kodwa kufanele alungiswe ngokusekelwe ezimweni zangempela: Ezimotweni ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, lezo eziqhutshwa ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu nezinomswakama isikhathi eside, noma lezo eziqhutshwa njalo emabangeni amafushane, umjikelezo wokushintsha kufanele ufinyezwe; uma kwenziwa ukulungiswa okufanele kwansuku zonke, amanye amakhoyili angasetshenziswa amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-150,000.
Ukugcinwa kwansuku zonke kufanele kuqashelwe: Gwema ukuvinjelwa kwenjini isikhathi eside ukuze uvimbele ukushisa ngokweqile kwekhoyili; hlola njalo igebe le-spark plug (kungaba likhulu kakhulu noma lincane kakhulu kuzosheshisa ukuguga kwekhoyili); sebenzisa uphethiloli osezingeni eliphezulu ukunciphisa amadiphozithi ekhabhoni; gwema ukushiya iswishi yokushisa ivuliwe isikhathi eside lapho injini ingasebenzi. Uma kwenzeka iphutha, kuyadingeka ukuyishintsha ngokushesha. Amakhoyili asezingeni eliphansi athambekele ekulimaleni ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinto zokuvikela ezingezinhle kanye nezinqubo zokugoqa amakhoyili ezingajwayelekile. Kunconywa ukukhetha izingxenye zomkhiqizo zangempela zasefektri noma ezidumile.
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