Izingxenye Ezincane, Umthelela Omkhulu: Umsebenzi kanye Nokuphathwa Kwephutha Kwama-Spark Plugs Ezimoto
"Enhliziyweni" yenjini kaphethiloli yemoto, yize i-spark plug incane ngobukhulu, idlala indima ebalulekile nebalulekile. Ifana "nomsunguli wokushisa" wenjini, esebenza njengesikhungo esiyinhloko esixhumanisa amandla kagesi namandla omshini. Ukusebenza kwayo kuthinta ngqo ukukhishwa kwamandla enjini, ukonga uphethiloli, kanye nokuzinza kokushayela kwemoto iyonke.
Umsebenzi Oyinhloko Weziplagi Ze-Spark
Umsebenzi oyisisekelo nobaluleke kakhulu we-spark plug ukukhanyisa ingxube evuthayo esilinda, okuhlinzeka ngomthombo wamandla wokusebenza kwenjini. Ekupheleni kokucindezela kwenjini, ama-electrode e-spark plug akhiqiza i-arc enamandla aphezulu, avuthela ngokushesha ingxube yegesi ecindezelwe. Le nqubo iyindawo yokuqala yomsebenzi wenjini, futhi ukusha kwegesi yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi ephezulu kusunduza i-piston phansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuqhubekisele phambili i-crankshaft ukuthi ijikeleze, kunikeze amandla aqhubekayo emotweni. Ngokuvamile, injini enamasilinda amane ifakwe ama-spark plug amane, kuyilapho injini enamasilinda ayisithupha idinga amasilinda ayisithupha, kanye neyodwa ngesilinda ngayinye ukuqinisekisa inqubo yokusha eqinile nehlelekile yesilinda ngasinye.
Ngaphezu kokusha, ama-spark plug nawo anomthelela oqondile emandleni enjini nasekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli. Ama-spark plug asezingeni eliphezulu angaqinisekisa ukusha okuphelele kwengxube, athuthukise ukushelela kokukhishwa kwamandla futhi anciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Uma i-spark plug iguga, njengokuguga kwe-electrode noma ukufakwa kwekhabhoni okukhulu, kuzobangela ukusha okubambezelekile noma izinhlansi ezibuthakathaka, okuholela ekushiseni okunganele kwengxube, hhayi nje ekunciphiseni amandla kodwa futhi nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-10%-20%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spark plug anomsebenzi wokulawula inqubo yokusha, ngokulungisa isikhathi sokusha namandla, angazivumelanisa kangcono nezidingo zenjini ezimweni ezahlukene zokusebenza. Ngesivinini esiphansi, ingalawula ngokunembile isikhathi sokusha ukuze ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli; ngesivinini esiphezulu, inganikeza ngokushesha amandla anele ezinhlansi, iqinisekise ukusha okusheshayo kwengxube futhi ikhulule amandla anamandla.
Imisebenzi yokupholisa nokuvikela ama-spark plug nayo akufanele inganakwa. Ingxenye ye-ceramic ye-spark plug yenza imisebenzi ebalulekile yokushabalalisa ukushisa nokuvikela, okungasabalalisa ngokushesha ukushisa okukhiqizwa yi-electrode ephakathi, kuvimbele i-electrode ekushiseni ngokweqile futhi kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwe-spark plug; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ivimba ngempumelelo izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ekamelweni lokushisa, iqinisekisa indawo evamile yokusebenza ye-electrode ephakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spark plug angabonisa isimo sokusebenza senjini. Uma ene-carbon deposits, isibonelo, kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi injini inephutha elingase libe khona, njenge-carbon deposits eningi ephakamisa inkinga ngohlelo lokujova uphethiloli, noma ukusha okuhlobene nezinhlelo zokusha ezingavamile.
Amaphutha Avamile Nezixazululo Zama-Spark Plugs
Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-spark plug, amaphutha ahlukahlukene awanakugwenywa, athinta ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini. Amaphutha avamile afaka phakathi ubunzima bokusha, ukunyakazisa injini, ukuntuleka kwamandla, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, kanye nokukhishwa komoya ophumayo.
Ukuguguleka kwama-electrode kungenye yamaphutha avame kakhulu kuma-spark plug. Njengoba injini iguga, i-electrode ephakathi kanye ne-electrode eseceleni ye-spark plug kuzoguguleka ngenxa yokuguguleka kwe-spark kagesi isikhathi eside kanye nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali okuvela kugesi ovuthayo, okubangela ukuthi igebe le-electrode lande. Lapho igebe lidlula u-2mm, ukuhanjiswa kwamandla kwehla, futhi izinhlansi ezikhishweyo zincane kakhulu, okubangela isikhathi sokushisa esihamba kancane kanye nokusha okwanele kwengxube, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, amandla ancishisiwe, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ngisho nokungakwazi ukwakha izinhlansi, okubangela ukusha kabi kwesilinda. Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-spark plug entsha ngokuvamile iyadingeka.
Amadiphozithi ekhabhoni nawo "ayisitha" sama-spark plug. Inani elikhulu lamadiphozithi ekhabhoni kanye nokungcola okuqongelelwe ebusweni be-spark plug kuzonciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kagesi, kuthinte umphumela wokushisa. Amadiphozithi ekhabhoni avame ukuhlotshaniswa nekhwalithi embi kaphethiloli, ingxube ecebile ngokweqile, kanye nezihlungi zomoya ezivalekile. Uma uthola amadiphozithi ekhabhoni ku-spark plug, ungazama ukuhlanza kuqala. Uma amadiphozithi ekhabhoni emabi kakhulu noma i-spark plug ingasebenzi kahle ngemva kokuhlanza, udinga ukushintsha i-spark plug. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kufanele uphenye imbangela eyinhloko yamadiphozithi ekhabhoni, njengokushintsha uphethiloli osezingeni eliphezulu noma ukuhlola uhlelo lokujova uphethiloli ukuze uxazulule inkinga emthonjeni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spark plug angase abe namanani okumelana nokufakwa kokushisa aphansi kakhulu, umonakalo wesiketi, kanye namaphutha okuvuza. Uma inani lokumelana nokufakwa kokushisa liphansi kakhulu, kuzonciphisa i-ignition voltage esetshenziswa esikhaleni se-spark, okwenza i-spark ibe buthaka noma ilahlekelwe umsebenzi wayo wokushisa; imifantu esiketini izobangela ukuthi ugesi we-high-voltage uqhekeke futhi uvuza ugesi endaweni eqhekekile, okuholela ekutheni kungabikho spark ku-electrode; ukuvuza kuvame ukubangelwa amaphutha noma umonakalo ku-ceramic insulator ye-spark plug noma i-electrode gap eningi kakhulu. La maphutha ngokuvamile adinga ukushintshwa kwe-spark plug ngesikhathi esifanele, futhi lapho uyishintsha, kubalulekile ukunaka ukukhetha imodeli efanela injini yemoto ukuqinisekisa ukuthi inani layo lokushisa, imininingwane yentambo, kanye neminye imingcele iyahlangabezana nezidingo.
Ukugcinwa nokufakwa esikhundleni kwama-spark plug
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwe-spark plug nokwandisa isikhathi sayo sokusebenza, ukulungiswa njalo kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni ngesikhathi kubalulekile. Umjikelezo wokufakwa esikhundleni kwezinto ezahlukene zama-spark plug uyahlukahluka. Ama-spark plug ajwayelekile ethusi-core anconywa ukuthi ashintshwe njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-2-30,000, kuyilapho ama-spark plug e-iridium noma e-platinum angandiswa abe ngamakhilomitha angu-6-100,000. Imininingwane ethile kufanele ibhekiswe encwadini yemiyalelo yemoto. Ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke, kuyadingeka ukuhlola njalo isimo se-spark plug, ukubheka ukuthi i-electrode igugile yini, ukuthi kukhona yini ama-carbon deposits, nokuthi umzimba we-ceramic uqhekekile yini. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, naka ukugcina uhlelo lukaphethiloli luhlanzekile, gwema ukushayela ibanga elifushane njalo, futhi ugweme ukuqala isikhathi eside okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuqala okubandayo. Le mikhuba emihle yokushayela ingasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvela kwamaphutha e-spark plug.
Ekuphetheni, yize i-spark plug incane, iyisici esibalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle kwenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo, amaphutha avamile, kanye nezindlela zokulungisa kungasisiza ukuthi sibone futhi sixazulule izinkinga ngesikhathi, sigcine imoto isesimweni esihle sokushayela.
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