Indandatho yokusunduza imoto: Umqaphi ongabonakali wokuzinza kwe-axial yenjini
"Embusweni" oyinkimbinkimbi wenjini yemoto, kunezinto eziningi ezibonakala zingabalulekile kodwa ezibalulekile. Indandatho yokusunduza ingenye yazo. Ifana "nesivikelo se-axial" esithule esiqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini buthule. Uma yehluleka, ingase ibangele ukusabela kweketanga futhi isongele ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wendandatho yokudonsa
Indandatho yokusunduza, njengohlobo lwebheri elishelelayo lenjini, ithatha umthwalo obalulekile wokusekela i-crankshaft nge-axial. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, i-crankshaft ayidingi nje kuphela ukujikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu kodwa futhi ikhiqiza i-axial thrust ngenxa yokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo kweqembu lenduku yokuxhuma ye-piston, ukudluliselwa kwegiya, njll. Uma ingavinjelwe, i-crankshaft izobhekana nokunyakaza kwe-axial, okuzophazamisa ukuvuleka okuqondile phakathi kwezingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini. Indandatho yokusunduza idlulisela umthwalo we-axial ku-cylinder block ngokuhambisana eduze nendawo yokusunduza ye-crankshaft, inikeze ukwesekwa kwe-axial okuzinzile kwe-crankshaft futhi inciphise ngokuqinile ukunyakaza kwayo kwe-axial. Ngokuvamile, leli gebe lidinga ukulawulwa ngaphakathi kuka-0.35mm ukuvimbela ukunyakaza kwe-axial okweqile kwe-crankshaft, okungadala ukuphazamiseka phakathi kwenduku yokuxhuma nodonga lwesilinda, i-piston ne-valve, njll., futhi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuvamile kwazo zonke izingxenye ezihambayo.
Ngaphezu kokusekela kwe-axial kanye nokubeka, indandatho yokucindezela nayo inemisebenzi esekelayo yokwenza ngcono ukuthambisa nokunciphisa ukuguguleka kokungqubuzana. Ubuso bayo buvame ukuklanywa ngemigoqo kawoyela. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, uwoyela ungakha ifilimu kawoyela eqhubekayo ebusweni bokuxhumana phakathi kwe-crankshaft nendandatho yokucindezela ngokusebenzisa imigoqo kawoyela, kunciphisa i-friction coefficient futhi kunciphise ukuguguleka okuqondile phakathi kwezinsimbi, kwandise ngempumelelo impilo yenkonzo ye-crankshaft nendandatho yokucindezela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukwakheka okunengqondo kwemigoqo kawoyela kuqinisekisa ukugeleza okubushelelezi kwamafutha okugcoba futhi kuhlinzeka ngokuthambisa okuqhubekayo ezindaweni zokungqubuzana, kuvimbela ukuguguleka ngokweqile kanye nokushisa ngokweqile kwezingxenye ngenxa yokuthambisa okungekuhle.
Ku-camshaft, ezinye izinjini nazo zinezindandatho zokucindezela, ezisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezindandatho zokucindezela ze-crankshaft, ezisetshenziselwa ukukhawulela ukunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-camshaft, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okunembile kwesitimela se-valve, nokugcina isikhathi esinembile sokuvula nokuvala kwe-valve, ngaleyo ndlela kugcinwa ukukhishwa kwamandla kanye nokonga uphethiloli kwenjini.
Amaphutha avamile kanye nezimbangela zezindandatho zokudonsa
Ukuguguleka ngokweqile: Lokhu kungenye yamaphutha avame kakhulu endandatho yokushutha. Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, indandatho yokushutha iqhubeka nokuguguleka ebusweni bokushutha be-crankshaft, kanye nendawo yokushisa okuphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu kokusebenza kwenjini, ungqimba lwe-alloy olungagugi ebusweni bendandatho yokushutha luyaguguleka kancane kancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imikhuba yokushayela engafanele yabashayeli, njengokusheshisa okusheshayo njalo, ukwehla kwejubane okusheshayo, noma ukusebenzisa i-clutch ekungathathi hlangothi nasekukhuphukeni kwentaba, kuzokwenza amandla e-axial e-crankshaft ande ngokuzumayo, okwandisa ukuguguleka kwendandatho yokushutha. Uma uwoyela wokugcoba usezingeni eliphansi noma indlela kawoyela ivinjiwe, okuholela ekugcotshweni okubi, kuzosheshisa nenqubo yokuguguleka kwendandatho yokushutha.
Ukufakwa okungalungile: Ukufakwa kwendandatho yokudonsa kunezidingo eziqinile zokuqondisa. Ngokuvamile, ubuso bomsele wamafutha kufanele bubheke i-crankshaft ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uwoyela wokugcoba ungangena kahle ebusweni bokungqubuzana bese wenza ifilimu kawoyela. Uma indlela eqondiswa ngayo ifakiwe ngendlela engafanele, kuzoholela ekugcotshweni okungekuhle, futhi indandatho yokudonsa kanye ne-crankshaft azikwazi ukwakha ifilimu kawoyela esebenzayo, okubangela ukungqubuzana okomile, okuzoholela ekugugeni okusheshayo kwendandatho yokudonsa noma ngisho nokususwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma indandatho yokudonsa ingalungiswanga kahle ku-cylinder block noma endaweni ehambisanayo ye-crankshaft ngesikhathi sokufakwa, indandatho yokudonsa ingase ishintshe futhi yehluleke ukukhawulela ngempumelelo ukunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-crankshaft.
Ukuhlukanisa kanye nomonakalo: Uma indandatho yokucindezela igugile kakhulu noma ithinteka ngendlela engavamile, ingasuka endaweni yokufaka bese iwela epanini likawoyela. Indandatho yokucindezela egugile izolahlekelwa ukubamba kwayo kwe-axial ku-crankshaft, okubangela ukunyakaza okukhulu kwe-axial kwe-crankshaft, futhi ingashayisana nezinye izingxenye epanini likawoyela, okuholela ekulimaleni kwesibili. Isibonelo, ezimweni zokusheshisa umthwalo osindayo, ukuxhumana phakathi kwe-clutch kanye ne-flywheel kuzodlulisa i-torque enkulu. Uma indandatho yokucindezela igugile kakhulu futhi ingakwazi ukumelana namandla e-axial, ingasuka, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele izimpawu ezingavamile ezivela ku-sensor ye-crankshaft kanye ne-alamu evela ekukhanyeni kwephutha lenjini.
Ukuxilongwa kanye nokusabela kumaphutha endandatho yokusunduza
Uma indandatho yokusunduza ihluleka, injini ivame ukubonisa izimpawu ezithile ezingavamile. Uma ukunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-crankshaft kukhulu kakhulu, kungabangela imisindo engavamile ngesikhathi injini ingasebenzi kahle noma isebenza, ikakhulukazi lapho kushintsha amagiya, kusheshisa noma kwehlisa ijubane. Imisindo izocaca kakhulu. Kungase kube namaphutha ohlelweni lokudlulisa njengokungapheleli kwe-clutch noma ubunzima ekushintsheni amagiya. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungase kuholele nasekuncipheni kwamandla enjini kanye nokusetshenziswa kawoyela okungavamile.
Uma kutholakala inkinga yepuleti lokuphoqa, indlela ye-tachometer ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukunyakaza kwe-axial kwe-crankshaft. Uma ukunyakaza kudlula inani elijwayelekile elingu-0.35mm, kungenzeka ukuthi ipuleti lokuphoqa seligugile noma liwile. Uma iphutha lepuleti lokuphoqa seliqinisekisiwe, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukulungiswa nokufakwa esikhundleni ngesikhathi. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa esikhundleni, imininingwane yokufaka kumele ilandelwe ngokuqinile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isiqondiso sepuleti lokuphoqa silungile futhi siqinile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi kukhona yini ukuguguleka ebusweni bokuphoqa be-crankshaft. Uma kudingeka, lungisa noma shintsha i-crankshaft. Ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke, kufanele kwakheke imikhuba emihle yokushayela, kufanele kushintshwe amafutha ajwayelekile asezingeni eliphezulu, futhi ipuleti lokuphoqa nezinye izingxenye kufanele zihlolwe ngokomjikelezo wokulungisa ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke, kwandiswe impilo yenkonzo yenjini, futhi kuqinisekiswe ukushayela okuphephile nokubushelelezi. Ipuleti lokuphoqa, nakuba lincane, liyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwayo kanye nezici zamaphutha kusisiza ukuthi silondoloze injini yemoto kangcono, sithole futhi sixazulule izinkinga ezingaba khona ngesikhathi, sandise impilo yenjini, futhi siqinisekise ukuphepha nobushelelezi bokushayela.
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