Isembozo Sevalvu Yemoto: I-Invisible Guardian kanye Nesexwayiso Sephutha Lenjini
Esimisweni esiyinkimbinkimbi senjini yemoto, isembozo se-valve siyingxenye evame ukunganakwa kodwa sibaluleke kakhulu. Sisebenza "njengesembozo sokuvikela ikhanda" senjini, senza imisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile buthule. Uma yehluleka, izothinta ngqo isimo sokusebenza kwenjini ngisho nokuphepha kokushayela.
Umsebenzi Oyinhloko Wesembozo Sevalvu
Ukuvala Nokuvikela, Ukwakha Umugqa Wokuqala Wokuzivikela Indima eyisisekelo nebaluleke kakhulu yesembozo se-valve ukuvala indawo yendlela yokusebenza kwe-valve. Inamathele eduze kwesembozo sesilinda futhi yakha isithiyo esiqinile nge-gasket yokuvala, engavimbela ukuvuza kwamafutha enjini yangaphakathi, igweme ukugcotshwa okunganele kwezingxenye zenjini, futhi ivimbele uthuli lwangaphandle nokungcola ukuthi kungangeni esembozweni se-valve, iqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye zangaphakathi zisebenza endaweni ehlanzekile. Endaweni yokusebenza yenjini enokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okuphezulu, ukuvala okuhle kuyisisekelo sokugcina ukujikeleza okuvamile kohlelo lokugcoba nokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isembozo se-valve siphinde sihlanganyele ekugcineni ibhalansi yengcindezi yangaphakathi yenjini, ngokusebenzisa isixhumi sepayipi lokungenisa umoya se-crankcase, ngokubambisana ne-valve ye-PCV ukukhipha igesi yokukhipha umoya ku-crankcase, ukugwema ukwehluleka kwesivalo noma ukulimala kwezingxenye ngenxa yengcindezi yangaphakathi ngokweqile.
Ukuvikelwa Kwezingxenye Nokulungiswa Kokusebenza Indawo engaphansi kwesembozo se-valve yi-camshaft, ama-valve, izingalo ze-rocker, njll., izingxenye eziyinhloko zenjini. Ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ngokomzimba kwalezi zingxenye, inciphisa umonakalo ovela ekushayisaneni kwangaphandle kanye nokungqubuzana, futhi yandise impilo yazo yesevisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isembozo se-valve singalawula izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwesembozo se-valve, sivimbele uwoyela wokugcoba ukuthi ungonakali ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, siqinisekise ukuthi injini isebenza kahle ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elifanele. Ezinye izembozo ze-valve zinesakhiwo esihlanganisiwe sokuhlukanisa uwoyela negesi ngaphakathi, esingahlukanisa ngempumelelo umusi kawoyela negesi yokukhipha, sivumele uwoyela ukuthi ugeleze ubuyele ohlelweni lokugcoba, sithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, futhi sinciphise ukugqwala kwezingxenye zenjini yigesi yokukhipha.
Imisebenzi Ehlanganisiwe kanye Nokusekelwa Okusizayo Izimbozo zama-valve zesimanje azisezona izimbozo ezilula kodwa zihlanganisa izixhumi eziningi ezisebenzayo. Ngokuvamile zine-port yokugcwalisa uwoyela ukuze kube lula kubanikazi ukwengeza uwoyela; futhi zinikeza nezindawo zokufaka izingxenye ezifana nepayipi lokungenisa umoya le-crankcase kanye ne-ignition coil, ezihlanganisa izinhlelo ezahlukene zenjini ukuze kube lula ukufezwa kwemisebenzi iyonke. Ezinye izimbozo zama-valve zamamodeli aphezulu zisebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile kanye nemiklamo yesakhiwo, okungaba nomthelela wokunciphisa umsindo, ngokuvimbela umsindo odalwa ukunyakaza kwendlela yama-valve, ukuthuthukisa induduzo yokushayela.
Amaphutha Nezingozi Ezivamile Zesembozo Sevalvu
Uwoyela Ovuzayo: Isibonakaliso Sephutha Esisobala Kakhulu Uwoyela ovuzayo osuka embozweni wevalvu uwukubonakaliswa kwamaphutha okuvamile. Ekuqaleni, amabala kawoyela azokwakheka nxazonke kwembozo yevalvu, futhi njengoba ukuvalwa kwehluleka ukuthuthuka, amadiphozithi kawoyela azoqongelela futhi kuzokwenzeka ngisho nokuvuza komhlaba wonke. Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokuvuza zifaka phakathi ama-gasket okuvala asebekhulile, ukuguqulwa kwembozo yevalvu, kanye nokuvaleka kohlelo lokungenisa umoya lwe-crankcase. Ukuvuza kwesikhathi eside kuzoholela ekunciphiseni uwoyela wenjini, okusheshisa ukuguguleka kwezingxenye zenjini; uwoyela owela epayipini elishisayo lokukhipha umoya ngeke nje ukhiqize iphunga elicasulayo kodwa futhi kungase kubangele ingozi yokusha okuzenzakalelayo; ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvuza kuzongcolisa negumbi lenjini, kugqwale amapayipi kanye nezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi, okwandisa izindleko zokulungisa.
Ukungasebenzi Kahle Kokusebenza: Amandla Athintekile Nokuzinza Amaphutha okumboza ivalvu azophazamisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini, okubangela ukudlidliza okungasebenzi, ukubambezeleka kwamandla, njll. Uma ukuvala kwehluleka ngenxa yokuvuza, kuzophazamisa isilinganiso somoya-kaphethiloli senjini, okwenza ukushisa kunganele, okubonakala njengejubane lenjini elishintshashintshayo ngemva kokuqala okubandayo, umsindo wemoto, kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla okungasheleli ngesikhathi sokusheshisa. Amanye amamodeli angabonisa nokukhishwa kwentuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kusuka epayipini lokukhipha umoya, okuwumphumela wokungena kukawoyela egumbini lokushisa nokushiswa, okuhambisana nokwanda okungazelelwe kokusetshenziswa kukawoyela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umonakalo wokumboza ivalvu ungabangela ukukhanya kwephutha lenjini ukuthi kukhanye, futhi i-ECU izoqopha amakhodi amaphutha afanele, okubonisa izinhlelo zenjini ezingavamile.
Izinkinga Ezivela Kuwo: Amaphutha Amancane Aholela Ezingozini Ezinkulu Uma amaphutha okumboza ama-valve engaxazululwa ngokushesha, kuzovela uchungechunge lwezinkinga ezivela kuwo. Isibonelo, ukuvuza kukawoyela okubangela ukuvuza kukawoyela emgodini we-spark plug kuzothinta ukusebenza kohlelo lokushisa, okubangela ukushoda kwesilinda senjini, ukwehla kwamandla; ukwehluleka kokuvala isikhathi eside kuzosheshisa ukuguga kwe-valve oil seal, kwandise izindleko zokulungisa; Amadiphozithi akhiqizwa ukushiswa kukawoyela wenjini angavala futhi i-catalytic converter enezindlela ezintathu, ethinta ukukhishwa komoya futhi ibangele ukuthi imoto yehluleke ukuhlolwa kwaminyaka yonke.
Ukuhlonza Amaphutha kanye Neziphakamiso Zokulungisa
Abanikazi bangahlola indawo yenjini njalo ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona yini amabala kawoyela noma udaka oluzungeze isembozo sevalvu. Lokhu kungabasiza ekuqaleni ukuthi banqume ukuthi kunenkinga yokuvuza kawoyela. Uma bebona ukuzamazama okungasebenzi, ukulahleka kwamandla, noma ukukhanya kwephutha kukhanya, kufanele baye ngokushesha esikhungweni sokulungisa esingochwepheshe ukuze bahlolwe. Ngokufunda amakhodi ephutha, ukuhlola ingcindezi ye-crankcase, njll., bangakwazi ukukhomba inkinga ngokunembile.
Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwansuku zonke, kunconywa ukuhlola isimo sokuvala isembozo se-valve njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma amakhilomitha angama-40,000. Ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezine-turbocharger, ngenxa yokucindezela okuphezulu kwe-crankcase, izinkinga zokuvuza uwoyela zivame ukwenzeka, ngakho-ke umjikelezo wokuhlola kufanele ufinyezwe ngokufanele. Uma ushintsha isembozo se-valve noma i-gasket yokuvala, khetha izingxenye zokuqala noma zomkhiqizo. Sebenzisa indlela yokuqinisa evundlile ngesikhathi sokufakwa bese ulawula i-torque yesikulufu kahle ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isembozo siyafana. Ngezembozo ze-valve zepulasitiki ezigugayo futhi eziwohlokayo, cabanga ngokuthuthukela esembozweni se-valve ye-aluminium ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana kwayo nokushisa okuphezulu kanye namakhono okulwa nokonakala.
Nakuba isembozo se-valve sincane, siyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokusebenza okuzinzile kwenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi wayo kanye nokubonakaliswa kwamaphutha, nokwenza ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa njalo, kungasiza ekuboneni izinkinga ngesikhathi futhi kugweme amaphutha amancane abangela izingozi ezinkulu, kugcine injini isesimweni esihle sokusebenza ngaso sonke isikhathi.
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