Iyini ipayipi lokungenisa lendlu yesihlungi somoya semoto?
Ipayipi lokungenisa umoya lendlu yesihlungi somoya semoto, ngokuvamile elibhekisela epayipini elixhumanisa indlu yesihlungi somoya nesistimu yokungenisa injini (njenge-throttle noma i-incase manifold), liyingxenye ebalulekile ohlelweni lokungenisa injini. Umsebenzi walo oyinhloko ukusebenza njengebhuloho phakathi kwesihlungi somoya ne-incase manifold yenjini, liqondisa umoya wangaphandle ukuthi ungene enjinini ngempumelelo nangokuzinzile. Lilungiselela indlela yokuhamba komoya, linciphisa ukumelana nomoya, futhi liqinisekise ukuthi injini ithola umoya owanele nohlanzekile ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa. Umklamo wokuvala wepayipi lokungenisa ungavimbela uthuli olungahlungiwe kanye nezinhlayiya ukuthi zingangeni, livikele izingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini (njengezilinda namasongo e-piston) ekugugeni futhi landise isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amapayipi okungenisa asebenzisa izinto noma izakhiwo ezikhethekile (njengezithubhu ezigoqiwe, imiklamo yokunciphisa umsindo), okunganciphisa nomsindo wokungenisa futhi kuthuthukise induduzo yokushayela. Isakhiwo nezinto zepayipi lokungenisa zivame ukwenziwa ngocingo lwerabha nolwensimbi olunesakhiwo esigoqiwe, olunezintambo zensimbi ezijikelezayo ezifakwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kokucindezela futhi kuvimbele ukugoqeka endaweni encane yenjini. Lo mklamo wenza ipayipi likwazi ukwanda ngokwemvelo futhi linciphe, ligweme izithiyo futhi lizivumelanise nendawo eyinkimbinkimbi yegumbi lenjini. Izinto kumele zibe nokunwebeka okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu ukuze zimelane namazinga okushisa aphezulu, amazinga okushisa ashintshanayo, kanye nokuguguleka komhwamuko kawoyela wenjini, kugweme ukuguga nokuqina okungaholela ekuvuza komoya.
Ukucaciswa kwamagama ayisihluthulelo:
Ipayipi lokungenisa: Ngokubanzi libhekisela epayipini lokungenisa eliphelele kusukela kusihlungi somoya kuya ku-throttle/carburetor.
I-Intake manifold: Ibhekisela ngqo epayipini legatsha elixhumanisa i-throttle nesilinda ngasinye, elinomthwalo wokusabalalisa umoya ngokulinganayo kusilinda ngasinye.
Indlu yesihlungi somoya: Isembozo sangaphandle sesihlungi somoya, esisetshenziselwa ukuqukatha isici sesihlungi somoya.
Ukubaluleka kokugcinwa: Ipayipi lokungenisa livezwa amazinga okushisa aphezulu kanye nokudlidliza, futhi irabha ingaguga, ungqimba oluhlanganisiwe lungawa, noma amalunga angakhululeka, okuholela ekungeneni kabi komoya, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, ukwehla kwamandla, noma ukudlidliza okungasebenzi. Abanikazi bezimoto abaningi bayayishaya indiva insizakalo yayo, kodwa ukuhlolwa noma ukushintshwa okuvamile (ikakhulukazi lapho kushintsha isihlungi somoya) kungaqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kohlelo lokungenisa.
Ipayipi lokungenisa umoya lendlu yesihlungi somoya semoto (ngokuvamile libhekisela epayipini lokungenisa umoya noma ipayipi elixhumanisa isihlungi somoya ne-throttle) lidlala indima ebalulekile ohlelweni lokungenisa injini. Imisebenzi yalo eyinhloko ingafingqwa kanje:
- Ukuthutha umoya ohlanzekile: Njengesiteshi sokuxhumanisa phakathi kwesihlungi somoya kanye nohlelo lokungenisa injini, inesibopho sokuthutha umoya ohlanzekile ohlungiwe yisihlungi somoya kahle nangokuqhubekayo uye ku-throttle, i-intake manifold, futhi ekugcineni ungene kumasilinda ukuze ushiswe. Uma ipayipi ligugile futhi liqhekekile, uthuli olungahlungiwe luzongena enjinini, lusheshise ukuguguleka kwesilinda, amasongo e-piston, njll.
- Ukugcina ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa kanye nokukhipha amandla: Ingaphakathi lepayipi lokungenisa livame ukwakhiwa ngodonga lwangaphakathi olubushelelezi ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nomoya, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi injini ithola ivolumu eyanele futhi eqinile yokungenisa. Uma ipayipi likhubazekile, livalekile, noma livalwe kabi, lizobangela ivolumu yokungenisa enganele, okuholela ngqo ekwehleni kwamandla enjini, ukusheshisa okubi, ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe, kanye nokudlidliza okungasebenzi.
- Ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi wokunciphisa umsindo: Amanye amapayipi okungenisa noma izindlu zawo zokuhlunga umoya ezixhunyiwe zisebenzisa imiklamo yesakhiwo efana nemigudu yomoya ejikelezayo kanye namakamelo okuxokozela ukuze zimunce futhi zinciphise ngempumelelo umsindo wokugeleza komoya ngesikhathi senqubo yokungenisa, kuthuthukiswe ukuthula kwangaphakathi.
- Ukubamba iqhaza ohlelweni lokungenisa umoya lwe-crankcase: Kweminye imiklamo yenjini, leli phayiphi lokungenisa liyingxenye yohlelo lokungenisa umoya lwe-crankcase (PCV), liqondisa amagesi okukhipha umoya (aqukethe umusi kawoyela wenjini) emuva ku-input manifold ukuze kuphinde kushiswe, kuncishiswe ukungcola kwemvelo futhi kuvimbele ukucindezela okukhulu ku-crankcase ukuthi kungathinti uphawu lwenjini.
Ekuphetheni, ipayipi lokungenisa umoya eligcina isihlungi somoya aliyona nje "isiteshi" somoya kodwa futhi liyingxenye ebalulekile eqinisekisa ukuthi injini isebenza kahle, izinzile, futhi isikhathi eside. Ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwansuku zonke, kubalulekile ukuhlola ukuthi igugile, iqhekekile, noma ikhululekile.
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