Umsebenzi we-valve yokulawula ukugeleza kwephampu kawoyela wenjini yezimoto
Ivalvu yokulawula ukugeleza kwephampu kawoyela yemoto, evame ukubizwa ngokuthi ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi yephampu kawoyela, isebenza ngokuyinhloko ukulawula nokulawula ingcindezi ephezulu kawoyela ohlelweni lokugcoba injini, ukuvimbela ukulimala kwezingxenye ezifana nephampu kawoyela, izindlela zikawoyela, kanye nezivalo ngenxa yengcindezi enkulu.
Isimiso somsebenzi kanye nomsebenzi othize yilena elandelayo:
Ukulawulwa kokucindezela: Lapho ijubane lenjini landa noma i-viscosity kawoyela ikhuphuka, ukunikezwa kukawoyela yiphampu kawoyela kuzokhula, okubangela ukuthi ingcindezi kawoyela endaweni eyinhloko kawoyela ikhuphuke. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sevalvu ekhawulelayo siqukethe isiphethu kanye ne-valve core. Lapho ingcindezi kawoyela idlula umkhawulo wokuphepha omisiwe, ingcindezi kawoyela izonqoba amandla entwasahlobo, ivule i-valve core, futhi ivumele amanye amafutha ukuthi ageleze nge-valve ekhawulelayo abuyele ngqo echwebeni lokungenisa lephampu kawoyela (okungukuthi, "ukukhululeka kwengcindezi"), ngaleyo ndlela kuzinziswe ingcindezi kawoyela endaweni eyinhloko kawoyela ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele.
Ukuvikela ukuphepha kohlelo: Ukucindezela ngokweqile kukawoyela kungabangela ukuthi isihlungi sikawoyela siqhume, amalunga epayipi kawoyela avuza, ama-gasket e-valve cover ekamelweni le-valve, noma izivalo zikawoyela ngaphambili nangemuva kwe-crankshaft, njll. ukuba zonakale. I-valve ekhawulelayo, njengedivayisi yokuphepha, ingavimbela ngempumelelo amaphutha anjalo futhi iqinisekise ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesikhathi eside kohlelo lokugcoba.
Akukho ukulawula kwangaphandle okudingekayo: Le valve iyisakhiwo esenziwe ngomshini esifinyelela ukulawulwa okuzenzakalelayo okuncike ekucindezelweni kukawoyela uqobo. Ayidingi ukuhlanganyela kweyunithi yokulawula kagesi (i-ECU). Isakhiwo silula futhi impendulo iyashesha.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwezinye izinto, "i-valve yokulawula ukugeleza" ivame ukubhekisela ezingxenyeni ezifanayo ohlelweni lokuqondisa noma ohlelweni lukaphethiloli, kuyilapho ohlelweni lwephampu kawoyela, igama elinembile kakhulu lithi "i-valve ekhawulelayo" noma "i-valve yokuphepha", umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukukhawulela ingcindezi kunokuba nje ilawule ukugeleza.
Umonakalo wevalvu kagesi yokulawula ukugeleza kwephampu kawoyela (ngokuvamile okubhekiselwa kuvalvu kagesi kagesi yokulawula ukucindezela kawoyela noma izingxenye ezifanayo) uzothinta kakhulu ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto. Akukhuthazwa ukuqhubeka nokushayela.
Le valve kagesi iyisici esiyinhloko sokulawula uhlelo lokugcoba injini, esinomthwalo wokulawula ingcindezi kawoyela kanye nokugeleza kwawo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye yenjini ithola ukugcotshwa okwanele. Uma yonakele, izobangela ingcindezi kawoyela engavamile, ngaleyo ndlela ibangele uchungechunge lwezinkinga zamaketanga.
Imiphumela eyinhloko ihlanganisa:
Ukugcotshwa kwenjini okunganele: Umfutho kawoyela ophansi noma ongazinzile ubangela ukuthi izingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini (njenge-camshafts, izindlela zama-valve, ama-bearings, njll.) zingatholi ukugcotshwa okwanele, okusheshisa ukuguguleka.
Umsindo ongavamile wenjini kanye nokudlidliza: Ukugcotshwa okungekuhle kuzobangela umsindo wenjini osobala (njengokungqubuzana) futhi kuhambisane nokungahlaliseki noma ukuthuthumela ngesikhathi sokushayela.
Ukulahlekelwa amandla kanye nobuthakathaka bokusheshisa: Kwamanye amamodeli, i-valve kagesi yokulawula ukucindezela kukawoyela ixhunywe nohlelo lwe-variable valve timing (VVT). Uma yonakele, izobangela isikhathi se-valve esingajwayelekile, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokukhishwa kwamandla kanye nokusheshisa okuhamba kancane.
Ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile kwenjini: Uwoyela awugcini nje ngokuthambisa kodwa futhi uhlanganyela ekushiseni. Ukugeleza okungavamile kungathinta ukusebenza kahle kokushisa kwenjini, okwandisa ingozi yokushisa ngokweqile.
Umkhawulo wokuvikela injini ozenzakalelayo: I-ECU (iyunithi yokulawula injini) yezimoto zesimanje izoqala imodi yokuvikela lapho ibona umfutho kawoyela ongajwayelekile, inciphise isivinini senjini kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla ukuvimbela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, imoto ingase "ihambe" ngokuncipha okukhulu kokusebenza.
Umonakalo omkhulu ongaba khona enjinini: Ukushayela isikhathi eside ivalvu kagesi yonakele kungaholela ekushayweni kwesilinda, ekubanjweni kwamabhere, kanye neminye imonakalo engenakulungiseka yenjini. Izindleko zokulungisa ziphezulu kakhulu. Isiphakamiso:
Yima ngokushesha ukuze uyihlole: Uma ideshibhodi ibonisa isibani sokuxwayisa ngomfutho kawoyela, isibani sephutha lenjini sikhanya, noma uma uzizwa ulahlekelwe amandla kakhulu noma imisindo engavamile, kufanele uyimise imoto ngokuphephile.
Xhumana nochwepheshe bokulungisa: Ungazami ukushayela ngenkani. Kunalokho, xhumana nesikhungo sokulungisa sochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukuthi ngabe kuyiphutha le-valve kagesi bese uyishintsha ngokushesha.
Ukugcinwa njalo: Kunconywa ukuhlola uhlelo lwesekethe kawoyela njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-20,000 noma ngaphezulu bese usebenzisa uwoyela wenjini osezingeni eliphezulu ukunciphisa ingozi yokwakheka kwekhabhoni kanye nokuvinjelwa, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isikhathi sokuphila kwevalvu kagesi.
Ekuphetheni, ngemva kokuba ivalvu kagesi yokulawula ukugeleza kwephampu kawoyela yonakele, ukusebenza kokushayela kwemoto ngeke kwehle kakhulu nje kuphela, kodwa futhi kunobungozi obukhulu bokuphepha. Kumelwe uyeke ngokushesha ukushayela bese wenza ukulungisa.
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