Iyini i-chopper yezimoto?
I-automotive phase shifter, evame ukubhekisela ku-actuator ohlelweni lwe-variable valve timing (VVT), yaziwa nangokuthi i-camshaft phase regulator noma i-timing regulator. Akuyona idivayisi ezimele "ye-phase shifter" kodwa iyisici esiyinhloko sohlelo lwe-valve yenjini, enesibopho sokulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo izikhathi zokuvula nokuvala kwama-valve okungenisa noma okukhipha umoya ngokusekelwe esivinini senjini, umthwalo, nezinye izimo zokusebenza, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhishwa kwamandla, ukonga uphethiloli, kanye nokusebenza kokukhishwa komoya.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukushintsha i-engeli yesigaba esihlobene phakathi kwe-camshaft ne-crankshaft, ngaleyo ndlela kufezwe isikhathi se-valve esiguquguqukayo esiqhubekayo. Isikhathi se-valve esihleliwe sendabuko asikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nazo zonke izimo zokusebenza, kuyilapho i-phase shifter ingafeza "ukulungiswa okuhlakaniphile":
Ngejubane eliphansi kanye nemithwalo ephansi: Thuthukisa ukuvuleka kwevalvu yokungenisa ukuze wandise ivolumu yokungenisa, uthuthukise i-torque kanye nokushelela.
Ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nemithwalo ephezulu: Libazisa ukuvalwa kwevalvu yokungenisa, usebenzise umphumela we-inertia yokungenisa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokushaja nokuthuthukisa ukuphuma kwamandla.
Izinhlobo kanye nezimiso zokusebenza ze-phase shifter
Isishintshi sesigaba se-hydraulic (esijwayelekile)
Iqhutshwa umfutho kawoyela wenjini ngokusebenzisa ama-rotor angaphakathi afana ne-blade noma ama-block-shaped rotors, okushintsha indawo ehlobene phakathi kwe-camshaft nesondo leketanga. I-valve yokulawula uwoyela (i-OCV) ilawula isekethe kawoyela ngokomyalo we-ECU ukuze kufezwe isikhathi kusengaphambili noma ukubambezeleka.
Isakhiwo: Sifaka i-stator, i-rotor, igumbi le-hydraulic, iphini yokukhiya, kanye nentwasahlobo yokubuyisela, njll.
Imikhawulo: Ijubane lokulungisa kanye nokunemba kuthinteka yingcindezi kanye nokushisa kukawoyela wenjini, futhi ngokuvamile kungalungiswa kuphela kusukela "esigabeni sokuqala" ohlangothini olulodwa.
I-electric phase shifter (ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa)
Iqhutshwa ngqo yinjini, iqondisa umehluko wesivinini sokujikeleza phakathi kwe-camshaft, isondo leketanga, kanye nenjini ngesakhiwo somshini esinezingqimba ezintathu ukuze kufezwe ukulungiswa kwesigaba okunembile nokusheshayo.
Izinzuzo: Impendulo esheshayo, ukunemba okuphezulu kokulawula, akuthintwa yizimo zikawoyela wenjini, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile.
Okubi: Kubiza kakhulu kunohlobo lwe-hydraulic, okwamanje olusetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukungaqondani okuvamile kuyacaciswa
I-Phase shifter ≠ phase sensor: I-phase sensor (njenge-camshaft position sensor) "iso" elibona izikhundla ze-valve, kanti i-phase shifter "isandla" esenza ukulungiswa.
I-Phase shifter ≠ frequency converter noma i-signal modulator: Ezinye izinto ezingezona ezezimoto zikhuluma nge-"phase shifter" ebhekisela ekulungisweni kwe-electronic signal phase, okungahlobene nesakhiwo semishini senjini.
I-chopper yezimoto ingenye yezindlela zobuchwepheshe ezibalulekile zezinjini zesimanje ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo, kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ithuthukisa ngokuguquguqukayo isikhathi sokuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-valve, ivumela injini ukuthi "iphefumule" kahle ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Njengamanje, uhlobo olujwayelekile luyi-hydraulic, kanti uhlobo lukagesi luba umkhuba wesikhathi esizayo kancane kancane.
Igama elithi "chopper" emkhakheni wezimoto lingase libe igama elingalungile. Esivame ukuxoxa ngalo yi-generator regulator (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-voltage regulator), okuyiyona nto eyinhloko yesistimu yokushaja yemoto futhi enesibopho sokuqinisa ukuphuma kwamandla kagesi kwe-generator. Uma yehluleka, izothinta ngqo ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokusebenza kwemoto.
Nazi izibonakaliso ezivamile, izimbangela, kanye nezixazululo zamaphutha kumlawuli wejeneretha yezimoto:
Iphutha Eliyinhloko:
- Isibani sesibonakaliso sebhethri esingajwayelekile: Isibani sesibonakaliso sebhethri (sokushaja) kudeshibhodi sihlala sivuliwe noma sikhanya, okuyisibonakaliso esiqondile kakhulu, esibonisa ukuthi uhlelo lokushaja alusebenzi kahle.
- I-voltage yebhethri engavamile:
- I-voltage ephansi (ngaphansi kuka-12V): Ibangela ukushaja kwebhethri okunganele, okubangela ubunzima ekuqaliseni imoto, ukukhanya kwezibani, ukusebenza okungajwayelekile kwamadivayisi kagesi, kanye nokuvala injini ngokuzumayo ngesikhathi sokushayela.
- I-voltage ephezulu (ngaphezu kuka-14.5V): Ibangela ukushaja ngokweqile kwebhethri, isheshise ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrolyte ngaphakathi kwebhethri, ukukhukhumala, umonakalo, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungabangela ingozi yokuqhuma kwebhethri.
- Ukusebenza kwemoto okunciphile: Ngenxa yokuphakelwa kwamandla okungazinzile, kungabangela ukusebenza okungajwayelekile kweyunithi yokulawula injini (i-ECU), okuholela ekunyakazeni kwenjini, ukusheshisa okunganele, isivinini esingazinzile, ngisho nokuvala injini ngokuzumayo.
- Ukungasebenzi kahle kwemishini kagesi: Izibani zezimoto, izinhlelo zomsindo, amafasitela, njll., zingase zisebenze ngezikhathi ezithile, ukukhanya okungajwayelekile, noma umonakalo oqondile ngenxa ye-voltage engazinzile.
Izimbangela Ezivamile Zephutha:
- Ukwehluleka kwezingxenye ze-elekthronikhi zangaphakathi: Ama-transistors e-Field-effect (ama-FET) noma ama-transistors aseDarlington ngaphakathi komlawuli angase aphuke noma avuleke ngenxa ye-overvoltage, ukushisa ngokweqile, noma ukuguga, okuyimbangela eyinhloko yokungazinzi kwe-voltage (kungaba phezulu kakhulu noma phansi kakhulu).
- Izici zemvelo: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu engxenyeni yenjini, umswakama, kanye nokushayela isikhathi eside emigwaqweni enamagquma kusheshisa ukuguga komlawuli.
- Ukuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi kujeneretha: Uma amandla kagesi kagesi engazinzile noma umthwalo uguquguquka kakhulu, kwandisa umthwalo kumlawuli, okubangela ukuthi asebenze njalo futhi okungenzeka ukuthi uyalimaza.
- Izinkinga zokuxhuma: Amapulagi okuxhuma axegayo, agqwalile, noma izintambo zokuxhuma eziphukile nezifushane nazo zingavimbela isilawuli ukuthi sisebenze kahle.
Izindlela Zokuxilonga Nezokuxazulula:
- Ukwahlulela kokuqala: Okokuqala, qaphela isimo sesibani sesibonakaliso sokushaja kudeshibhodi bese ulinganisa i-voltage phakathi kwama-terminal ebhethri nge-multimeter (ngenkathi injini isebenza). I-voltage evamile kufanele ibe phakathi kuka-13.8V no-14.5V. Uma i-voltage iphansi kakhulu noma iphezulu kakhulu, ngokuvamile kungatholakala ukuthi umlawuli noma ijeneretha inephutha.
- Ukuxilongwa kobungcweti: Kunconywa ukuthi uvakashele isitolo sokulungisa izimoto sobungcweti. Ochwepheshe bazosebenzisa imishini yokuxilonga ekhethekile ukuze bafunde amakhodi amaphutha futhi benze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwejeneretha, umlawuli, kanye nesekethe yokushaja yonke ukuze bathole ngokunembile indawo yamaphutha.
- Uhlelo lokulungisa:
- Shintsha umlawuli: Kwabalawuli be-elekthronikhi, uma umonakalo uqinisekisiwe, ukuwushintsha ngqo kuyisisombululo esisheshayo nesithembeke kakhulu.
- Hlola izintambo: Ngaphambi kokushintsha isilawuli, qiniseka ukuthi imigqa yokuxhuma nama-plug asesimweni esihle ukuze ugweme ukuthi ingxenye entsha yonakale ngenxa yezinkinga zezintambo.
- Hlola ijenereyitha: Ngezinye izikhathi, amaphutha kujenereyitha uqobo (njengamabhulashi, ama-rectifier) angabonakala njengezinkinga zokulawula, ngakho-ke kufanele ahlolwe ndawonye.
Sicela uqaphele: "I-electronic chopper" okukhulunywe ngayo ku-inthanethi ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimotweni zamamodeli kagesi noma kuma-drones futhi iyisici esihluke ngokuphelele kumlawuli wejeneretha yezimoto. Kukhona futhi "umlawuli" ohlelweni lomoya opholile lwemoto, kodwa umsebenzi walo ukulawula ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwezindawo zomoya, futhi akuhlobene nohlelo lokushaja. Ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokushayela, uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla, sicela wenze ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe ngokushesha. Ungashayeli ngemoto enephutha.
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Inkampani Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophezele ekuthengiseni i-MG&I-MAXUSizingxenye zezimoto zamukelekile ukuthenga.
