Iyini iphampu yamanzi yezimoto?
Iphampu yamanzi yezimoto iyisici esiyinhloko sohlelo lokupholisa injini, esinomthwalo wokuqhuba i-coolant ukuthi ijikeleze phakathi kwenjini ne-radiator ngamandla e-centrifugal, ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokusebenza kwenjini. Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko kanye nezimiso zifaka:
Umsebenzi Oyinhloko: Cindezela i-coolant ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ijikeleza njalo emanzini enjini naphakathi kwe-radiator, ususe ukushisa kwenjini ngempumelelo futhi uvimbele ukulimala kokushisa ngokweqile.
Isimiso Sokusebenza: I-crankshaft yenjini iqhuba i-impeller ukuthi ijikeleze ngebhande, isebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukuqondisa i-coolant emaphethelweni omzimba wephampu (okwakha ukuphuma komfutho ophezulu), kuyilapho isikhungo se-impeller sikhiqiza umfutho ophansi wokudonsa i-coolant entsha, okwenza ukujikeleza kwegazi okuhambisanayo kuhambisane.
Izici Eziyinhloko: Ngokuvamile yakhelwe njengephampu ye-centrifugal yepayipi enezigaba eziningi, eyenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali futhi ifakwe izivalo zemishini, enesakhiwo esincane kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, okuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside.
Izimpawu ezivamile zokwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi yezimoto
Ukuvuza kwe-coolant: Uma uphawu lwamanzi lwephampu yamanzi luguga noma lonakele, i-coolant izongena ngemigodi yokungenisa umoya noma ukuxhumana kwephampu yamanzi. Kutholakala iminonjana yoketshezi eluhlaza, obomvu noma opinki eduze kwephampu yamanzi noma phansi kwegumbi lenjini, okuyisibonakaliso esivamile sokuvuza.
Izinga lokushisa lenjini eliphakeme ngendlela engavamile: Uma i-impeller yephampu yamanzi igugile, ikhululekile noma i-bearing ibambekile, ukusebenza kahle kokujikeleza kwe-coolant kuzoncipha, noma ngabe i-coolant yanele, izinga lokushisa lamanzi enjini lizokhuphuka ngokushesha, isibani esixwayisa ngokushisa kwamanzi kudeshibhodi singakhanya, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzoba khona into "ebilayo".
Umsindo ongajwayelekile: Uma ama-bearings angaphakathi ephampu yamanzi egugile noma i-impeller ikhululekile, kuzophuma umsindo "oqhumayo" oqhubekayo, umsindo wokungqubuzana kwensimbi noma umsindo "oqhumayo" ongavamile, futhi umsindo uvame ukwanda ngokwanda kwesivinini senjini, okuhluke kakhulu kumsindo wokushelela kwebhande.
Ukungazinzi kwenjini noma i-stall yenjini: Uma iphampu yamanzi ixhunywe ebhandeni lesikhathi noma ebhandeni lokushayela, futhi ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwephampu yamanzi kuyanda (njengokunamathela kwamabhere), kuzothinta ngqo ukusebenza kwenjini. Lapho ingasebenzi noma ngesikhathi sokuqala kubanda ebusika, kuzobonakala njengokushintshashintsha kwesivinini senjini, futhi kuholele nasekumeni kwenjini.
Ukuwohloka kwesibandisi noma ukwehla okusheshayo kwezinga: Uma isibandisi siba mnyama ngombala, sinephunga elinobuthi noma elimuncu, noma sidinga ukugcwaliswa njalo, kungase kubonise ukugqwala kwangaphakathi noma ukwehluleka kokuvala kwephampu yamanzi.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko zokwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi yezimoto
Ukuguga kwe-seal: I-seal yamanzi yephampu yamanzi ixhumana ne-coolant eshisa kakhulu isikhathi eside, ezoqina kancane kancane futhi iqhekeke, okubangela ukuthi i-coolant ingene endaweni ye-bearing, okusheshisa ukuguguleka kwe-bearing.
Ukuguguleka kwamabhere: Ukuvuza kwe-coolant noma ukugcotshwa okubi kuzodala umonakalo ku-water pump shaft, okuyimbangela eqondile yomsindo ongavamile kanye nokumelana okwandisiwe ngesikhathi sokujikeleza.
Umonakalo noma ukugqwala kwe-impeller: Izinto ezinobuthi noma ze-alkaline ku-coolant zizogqwala i-impeller, okubangela umonakalo we-blade noma ukwehla kokusebenza kahle.
Izinkinga zebhande: Ibhande eliqine kakhulu lizokwandisa umthwalo empompini yamanzi, okusheshisa ukuguguleka kwamabhereyi; ibhande elikhululekile noma eliphukile kakhulu lizobangela ukuthi ipompo yamanzi iyeke ukusebenza ngokuphelele.
Ukulungiswa kwe-coolant okungalungile: Ukwehluleka ukufaka i-coolant esikhundleni sayo ngokwezidingo ezisetshenziswa ngesandla kuzokhulisa ukugqwala kwangaphakathi kanye nokufakwa kwesikali ohlelweni, kufinyeze isikhathi sokuphila sepompo yamanzi.
Izinkinga zekhwalithi noma ukufakwa okungafanele: Ukusebenzisa izingxenye ezingezinhle noma ukufakwa okungafanele (njengezikulufo eziqinile kakhulu, ukuhambisana okungafanele) nakho kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kusenesikhathi.
Ungabhekana kanjani nokwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi yezimoto?
Isiphakamiso esiyinhloko: Beka phambili ukufaka esikhundleni iphampu yamanzi entsha sha kunokuyilungisa.
Nakuba ezinye izinkinga ezincane (njengokuguga kwe-water seal kuphela) zingalungiswa okwesikhashana ngokuyihlukanisa nokufaka esikhundleni se-seal, iphampu yamanzi iyinto eyinkimbinkimbi, enembile, futhi inqubo yokulungisa iyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kunezingozi ezingaba khona njengokuvala okungekuhle, ukusebenza kahle kokujikeleza kwegazi okunganele, kanye nokuphila isikhathi esifushane ngemva kokulungiswa, okungathembeki kakhulu kunemikhiqizo emisha. Yeka ukushayela ngokushesha: Uma izimpawu zephutha ezingenhla sezitholiwe, ikakhulukazi uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi liphezulu kakhulu noma kukhona ukuvuza okukhulu, yima imoto ngokushesha ukuze ugweme umonakalo ongenakulungiseka obangelwa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kwenjini.
Ukuxilongwa kochwepheshe: Iya esitolo sokulungisa esidumile, hlola iphuzu lokuvuza kwe-coolant, ulalele imisindo engavamile, bese uhlola idatha yesenzwa yokushisa kwamanzi ukuqinisekisa umthombo wephutha, bese ususa izinkinga ngezinye izingxenye ezifana ne-radiator ne-thermostat.
Shintsha ngezingxenye zokuqala noma zekhwalithi ephezulu: Khetha iphampu yamanzi ehambisana nomodeli wemoto yokuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi usayizi we-pulley, ukwakheka kwe-impeller, kanye nemingcele yesistimu yokupholisa injini kuyahambisana, ugweme amaphutha esibili abangelwa ukungahambelani.
Hlola izingxenye ezihlobene ngasikhathi sinye: Uma ushintsha iphampu yamanzi, kunconywa ukuthi uhlole futhi ufake ibhande lokushayela, i-tensioner pulley, kanye ne-coolant ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka okuphelele kwesistimu.
Iziphakamiso zokuvimbela zansuku zonke:
Hlola njalo izinga le-coolant nombala ukuqinisekisa ukuthi liphakathi kwamamaki angu-MAX no-MIN, futhi akukho ukungcoliswa noma iphunga.
Qaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuvuza ebusweni bephampu yamanzi kanye nezindawo zokuxhuma zamapayipi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ngakunye.
Lalela ngokucophelela noma yimiphi imisindo engavamile lapho injini isebenza, ikakhulukazi lapho injini ingasebenzi futhi isheshisa.
Landela izidingo zencwadi yokulungisa imoto ukuze ushintshe i-coolant njalo (ngokuvamile njalo eminyakeni emi-2-4 noma amakhilomitha angu-4-60,000).
Isikhumbuzo esibalulekile: Ukwehluleka kwephampu yamanzi kuyisibonelo esivamile "sezingxenye ezincane, izingozi ezinkulu". Ungabi ne-psychology ngoba izindleko zokulungisa ziphansi. Ukushintsha iphampu yamanzi entsha ngesikhathi kuyisinqumo esingabizi kakhulu nesithembekile sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwenjini nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwemoto.
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