Iyini imiphumela uma umbhede wesilinda wemoto wonakele?
Ukulimala kombhede wesilinda (i-gasket yesilinda) yemoto kungonakalisa ukusebenza kokuvala kwenjini, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla, ukwehluleka kohlelo lokupholisa, ukungcola kohlelo lokuthambisa, kanye nomonakalo ongenakulungiseka njengokudonsa isilinda senjini noma ukubamba isivalo samabhere, okudinga ukulungiswa ngokushesha. Imiphumela ethile ifaka:
Ukuwohloka kokusebenza kwamandla: Amandla okukhipha injini ancipha kakhulu, okubonakala njengobunzima bokusheshisa, ukuntuleka kwamandla okusheshisa, ukusabela kancane kwejubane lenjini lapho i-accelerator icindezelwa kanzima, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, imoto ayikwazi ukuhamba ngesivinini esiphezulu noma ukusebenza ngaphansi komthwalo ogcwele.
Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokupholisa: Isilinganiso sokushisa sikhuphuka kakhulu, i-radiator ivame ukoma, futhi imbobo yokugcwalisa amanzi ikhipha amabhamuza njalo; i-coolant ingaxubana namafutha enjini, okubangela amaconsi kawoyela ebusweni bethangi lamanzi, futhi ukunganakwa isikhathi eside kungaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekushiseni injini okomile.
Ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokugcoba: Uwoyela wenjini uyaxutshwa bese uphenduka ube mhlophe (ingxube yamafutha namanzi), ukusetshenziswa okungajwayelekile kwamafutha epanini likawoyela, kanye nokusebenza kokugcoba okunciphile, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuguguleka kwezingxenye ezifana ne-crankshaft kanye ne-camshaft.
Imisindo engavamile yokusebenza kanye namaphutha: Ukuvuza komoya esigxotsheni sekhanda lesilinda (umsindo "ovuthayo" noma "oqhumayo"), ukwehluleka okuncane kwesilinda (umsindo "oqhumayo"), intuthu emhlophe evela epayipini lokukhipha umoya (ukushiswa kwe-coolant) noma intuthu emnyama (ukusha okwanele).
Umonakalo omkhulu ongaba khona: Uma ungaxazululwa ngokushesha, i-coolant ingangena engxenyeni kawoyela noma ekamelweni lokushisa, okubangela ukudonsa kwesilinda, ukubanjwa kwe-crankshaft, kanye nokwenyuka okukhulu kwezindleko zokulungisa kanye nokunciphisa isikhathi sokuphila kwenjini.
Ngemva kokuba i-gasket yesilinda (embuzweni womsebenzisi, "umbhede wesilinda" uvame ukubhekisela ku-gasket yesilinda) yonakele, izophazamisa isakhiwo sokuvala injini, ibangele ukuvuza kwe-coolant, uwoyela wenjini, kanye namagesi anomfutho ophezulu, okuholela ochungechungeni lwezimo zokungasebenzi kahle.
Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokupholisa: Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, izinga lokushisa lamanzi lizokhuphuka ngendlela engavamile, futhi ngesikhathi sokusheshisa noma ukuqala kabusha okungazelelwe, amanzi angaphuma echwebeni lokugcwalisa amanzi le-radiator noma i-coolant angaphuma; kakhulu, i-radiator ingaqhubeka nokoma, futhi ipayipi lokukhipha umoya lingakhipha inkungu yamanzi noma intuthu emhlophe.
Izinkinga zesistimu yokugcoba: Uwoyela wenjini uxubana ne-coolant, okwenza into efana nobisi enamathela ku-dipstick kawoyela noma odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepani kawoyela, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kokugcoba kanye nokuguguleka okukhulu kwezingxenye.
Ukwehla kokusebenza kwamandla: Umfutho wesilinda onganele, imoto izizwa ibuthakathaka benjini kanye nobunzima bokusheshisa, ukwanda kancane kwesivinini senjini ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okuphuthumayo; uma amasilinda amabili aseduze engasebenzi noma engasebenzi kahle, kungabangela umsindo wokuthuthumela noma "wokuphuma" komoya.
Izici zomsindo wokukhipha umoya kanye nomsindo ongajwayelekile: Ipayipi lokukhipha umoya lingakhipha intuthu emhlophe (ukushiswa kwe-coolant) noma intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (ukushiswa kukawoyela wenjini), futhi ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, kungaba nemisindo "ephumayo" yokuvuza komoya, imisindo yokungqongqoza, noma imisindo "yokungqubuzana" yokuqhekeka.
Ezinye izimpawu: Amabala amanzi, amabala kawoyela, noma amabhamuza angavela endaweni ephakathi kwesembozo sesilinda kanye nebhulokhi yesilinda; ukunganakwa isikhathi eside kungaholela ekudonsweni kwesilinda, ekulimaleni kwe-crankshaft, kanye nezinye izinkinga ezinkulu.
Ukuze kutholakale ukuthi i-gasket yesilinda ishisiwe yini, kungasetshenziswa izindlela eziningana ezibalulekile kanye nezindlela zokuhlola:
Izimpawu eziyinhloko
Ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokupholisa
Izinga lokushisa lamanzi liyakhuphuka ngokuzumayo, futhi amanzi aphuma echwebeni lokugcwalisa amanzi le-radiator lapho i-accelerator icindezelwa kanzima.
Uma isembozo sethangi lamanzi sivulwa ngokushesha ngemva kokuqalisa, kuvela amabhamuza phezu kwamanzi, bese kukhishwa inkungu yamanzi ephuma embotsheni yepayipi lokukhipha umoya.
Ukunganakwa isikhathi eside kungabangela ukugqwala endaweni yokugcwalisa amanzi yerediyetha, amanzi angena epanini likawoyela, kanye nentuthu emhlophe evela epayipini lokukhipha umoya.
Isenzakalo sokuvuza
Kunomsindo wokukhipha umoya "oqhumayo oqhumayo" ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi kunezimpawu zomusi endaweni ephakathi kwesembozo sesilinda kanye ne-gasket yesilinda, noma ibhulokhi yesilinda.
Indawo lapho kuvela khona amabhamuza ngemva kokusebenzisa amanzi anensipho yilapho kuvuza khona.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwamandla
Amandla ancipha ngokuzumayo, ijubane lenjini alikhuphuki ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okuphuthumayo, futhi injini iyanyakaza.
Amasilinda amabili aseduze awasebenzi noma awasebenzi kahle, futhi ngokususa ama-fuel injector noma ama-spark plug amasilinda amabili aseduze bese ufutha intuthu emgodini owodwa, kuzophuma intuthu komunye umgodi, okubonisa ukuthi amasilinda amabili ayaxhumana.
Ezinye izimpawu
Uma injini iqala, umsindo omkhulu othi "ukuqhuma okukhulu" ungezwakala endaweni eyonakele ye-gasket yesilinda.
Amanzi, uwoyela, noma amabhamuza kungavela endaweni ehlangana nesembozo sesilinda kanye nebhulokhi yesilinda.
Uma uhamba eduze komngcele we-gasket yesilinda ngesandla sakho, ungawuzwa umoya oshisayo uvunguza esandleni sakho.
Izindlela zokuhlola zobungcweti
Ukuhlolwa kokucindezela kwesilinda Kala ukucindezela kwesilinda ngesilinganiso sokucindezela esimweni senjini ebandayo. Ezinjinini eziphefumulayo ngokwemvelo, inani elijwayelekile liyibha engu-9-12, kanti ezinjinini ezine-turbocharger, liyibha engu-12-15. Umehluko wokucindezela phakathi kwesilinda ngasinye kumele ube ngu-≤ 15%.
Ukuvalwa kwesilinda esisodwa kanye nokunqanyulwa kukawoyela
Ngokuvala isilinda esisodwa nokunqamula ukunikezwa kukawoyela, noma ngokulinganisa ingcindezi yesilinda, kungenzeka ukuthola amaphutha okushiswa kwegesi yesilinda ngokunembe kakhudlwana.
Ukugcinwa nokuvimbela kwansuku zonke
Ukuhlolwa okuvamile
Hlola umbala wamafutha enjini nsuku zonke. Yishintshe ngokushesha uma iba yi-emulsified.
Misa injini ngokushesha uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi lidlula umkhawulo.
Ukutholwa okujulile
Kala ingcindezi yesilinda esimweni senjini ebandayo. Ezinjinini eziphefumulayo ngokwemvelo, inani elijwayelekile liyibha engu-9-12, kanti ezinjinini ezine-turbocharger, liyibha engu-12-15. Umehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwesilinda ngayinye kumele ube ngu-≤ 15%.
Ukulungiswa kwansuku zonke
Faka isihlanzi sikaphethiloli njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-5,000.
Hlola inani le-pH (8.5-9.5) lesithambisi lapho ushintsha isithambisi njalo eminyakeni emi-2.
Amanothi amane
Uma kuvela noma yiluphi uphawu olujwayelekile, ukulungiswa kochwepheshe kumele kwenziwe ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda komonakalo ngenxa yokuqongelela kwekhabhoni kanye nokuguga kwezimpawu.
Ukuhlolwa njalo kwesistimu yokupholisa yenjini nakho kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela amaphutha okushiswa kwegesi yesilinda.
Uma kutholakala izimpawu ezingenhla, kunconywa ukuthi uxhumane nomuntu olungisayo ochwepheshe ukuze ahlolwe futhi alungiswe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenjini.
Udinga uhlu lokuphathwa okuphuthumayo kokusha kwe-gasket yesilinda? Luhlanganisa izinyathelo zokuhlola ukupaka ngokushesha kanye nezinyathelo zokusiza okwesikhashana ukuze ugweme umonakalo wesibili.
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