Iyini isondo elicindezelayo lejeneretha yemoto?
Isondo lokucindezela lejeneretha yemoto liyingxenye ebalulekile ohlelweni lokudlulisa izesekeli zenjini yemoto. Lisetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula nokugcina ukucindezeleka okufanele kwebhande lokushayela, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izesekeli ezifana nejeneretha zingasebenza kahle nangokuzinzile.
Empeleni, iyithuluzi lokucindezela ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngokuvamile eliqukethe indawo eqinile, ingalo yokucindezela, umzimba wesondo, intwasahlobo yokugoqa, i-rolling bearing, kanye ne-spring sleeve, njll. Lapho ibhande lidlula ukunwebeka okuncane noma ukukhululeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, intwasahlobo yokugoqa noma uhlelo lwe-hydraulic ngaphakathi kwesondo lokucindezela luzolungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okucindezela, okubangela ukuthi umzimba wesondo uhlale ucindezela ibhande, ngaleyo ndlela:
Ukuvimbela ukushelela kwebhande: ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izesekeli ezifana nejeneretha zithola amandla okushayela anele, ukugwema ukukhiqizwa kwamandla okunganele ngenxa yokushelela.
Ukunciphisa ukudlidliza nomsindo: ukwenza ibhande lisebenze kahle futhi kunciphisa imisindo engavamile njengokuthi "ukuchofoza" noma "ukukhala" engxenyeni engaphambili yenjini.
Ukwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwebhande: ukugcina ukucindezeleka okufanele ukuze kugwenywe ukuguguleka okusheshayo kwebhande ngenxa yokuxega kakhulu noma ukuqina kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezivamile zamaphutha zifaka: umsindo "wokuchofoza" oqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa injini noma ukusebenza kwayo (ikakhulukazi obonakala kakhulu ezinjinini ezibandayo), umsindo owandisiwe ngesikhathi sokusheshisa, ukusebenza okungavamile kwejeneretha (njengezibani ezifiphele), njll.
Ngenxa yomsebenzi wayo wokubambisana nebhande futhi njengengxenye evame ukuguguleka, ngokuvamile kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe isondo lokucindezela lejeneretha kanye nebhande lapho kufakwa ibhande ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka nokuphepha kohlelo lokudlulisa.
Umjikelezo wokushintsha onconywayo ungamakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-6-8 okushayela noma njalo eminyakeni emi-2.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesondo lokucindezela ijeneretha yemoto ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwebhande lokushayela, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile nokuphumelelayo kohlelo lwezesekeli zenjini.
Ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okucindezela ukuze inciphise ukudlidliza nomsindo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwebhande, ivimbele ukushelela kwebhande, ngaleyo ndlela iqinisekise ukusebenza okuvamile kwezesekeli ezifana nejeneretha, i-air conditioner compressor, njll.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko ifingqiwe kanje:
Ukugcina ukucindezeleka kwebhande: ukukhokhela ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okucindezeleka ngokwezinga elibangelwa ukuguguleka kwebhande noma ukuguga, ukugwema ukushelela ngenxa yokucindezeleka okukhulu noma ukuguguleka ngokweqile kwamabheringi ngenxa yokucindezeleka okuqinile kakhulu.
Ukunciphisa ukudlidliza nomsindo: ukwenza ibhande lisebenze kahle futhi kunciphisa imisindo engavamile engxenyeni yenjini (njengemisindo "yokuchofoza" eqhubekayo).
Ukuvimbela ukwehluleka kwesistimu: uma isondo elicindezelayo lihluleka, lingabangela ukushelela kwebhande, ukuphuma kwejeneretha okungazinzile, ngisho nokuphuka kwebhande, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokudluliswa kwamandla enjini.
Izimpawu ezivamile zephutha: umsindo okhuphukile ngesikhathi sokusheshisa (ikakhulukazi ku-1500 rpm), ukunyakazisa injini, ubunzima bokusha, noma umsindo obukhali oqhubekayo. Iseluleko Sokulungisa: I-pulley ye-tensioner yejeneretha iyinto evame ukuguguleka. Kunconywa ukuyishintsha kanye nebhande lokushayela kanye nesondo elingasebenzi kumakhilomitha angu-60,000 kuya ku-80,000 noma lapho kuvela imisindo engavamile, ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kohlelo lokudlulisa.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwesondo elicindezelayo kujeneretha yemoto kubhekisela ekungajwayelekile kwengxenye esetshenziselwa ukulawula ukucindezeleka kwebhande lejeneretha, okubangela ukungazinzi ohlelweni oluqhutshwa yibhande. Le ngxenye iyingxenye evame ukuguguleka. Ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ingase yehluleke ngenxa yokuguga, ukuguguleka, noma ukugcotshwa okunganele, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele uchungechunge lwezinkinga zokusebenza kwenjini.
Ukubonakaliswa kwamaphutha amakhulu
Umsindo wenjini okhuphukile ngesikhathi sokusheshisa okusheshayo: Ikakhulukazi uma ijubane lenjini lifinyelela cishe ukujikeleza okungu-1500 ngomzuzu, umsindo ohlukile "wokubhonga" noma "wokutshiyoza" ungezwakali, okuwuphawu olujwayelekile lwama-bearings amasondo aqinile noma izipilingi ezingasebenzi.
Amazinyo okweqa isikhathi senjini: Uma ibhande lejeneretha lihlanganyelwe noma lihlotshaniswa nohlelo lwesikhathi, ukucindezeleka okunganele kungabangela ukuthi ibhande lishelele noma leqe amazinyo, kuphazamise ukushaqeka nesikhathi sevalvu, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kubangele ukushayisana kwevalvu nepiston, okuholela emonakalweni omkhulu njengokuguqulwa kwevalvu.
Ukuqhaqhazela kwenjini: Ngenxa yokushayela kwebhande okungazinzile, injini ilahlekelwa ukuhambisana kokusebenza, okubonakala njengokuqhaqhazela okusobala lapho ingasebenzi noma ngesikhathi sokushayela.
Ubunzima bokuqalisa noma ukungakwazi ukuqala injini: Ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesikhathi, ingxube ayikwazi ukushiswa ngesikhathi esifanele, okwenza kube nzima ukuqala imoto noma ngisho nokungakwazi nhlobo ukuqala.
Ukushelela kwebhande elicindezelayo noma umsindo ongajwayelekile: Lapho umoya opholile noma eminye imithwalo ikhuphuka, umsindo "wokugubha" noma "wokuqhuma" wokushelela kwebhande elicindezelayo ungezwakala, ikakhulukazi lapho injini ibanda noma ibhethri seliphelile.
Isibani sephutha ledeshibhodi siyavula: Iyunithi yokulawula injini ibona ukusebenza okungajwayelekile (njengokusha kwenjini, ukushintshashintsha kwesivinini), okubangela isibani sephutha (njengesibani se-Check Engine).
Umthelela kanye nezingozi zephutha
Uma izimpawu zokuqala zinganakwa, iphutha lizoqhubeka liba libi kakhulu:
Ekuqaleni, umsindo noma ukuthuthumela okuncane kuphela okukhona;
Esigabeni esiphakathi, ukulahleka kwamandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okwandisiwe kwenzeka;
Esigabeni sokugcina, kungase kubangele ukungalungi okukhulu kwesistimu yesikhathi, okuholela ekugobeni kwe-valve, ekulimaleni kwe-piston, kanye nezindleko zokulungisa eziphezulu kakhulu.
Izindlela zokuphatha eziphakanyisiwe
Ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi: Uma kuvela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezingenhla, kubalulekile ukuhlola ngokushesha isimo sesondo elicindezelayo kanye nebhande esiteshini sokulungisa sochwepheshe.
Isiphakamiso sokushintsha: Isondo lokucindezela livame ukushintshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nebhande lesikhathi, njengoba zombili zinesikhathi esifanayo sokuphila kanye nezinqubo zokuhlanganisa ezihambisanayo. Ukuzishintsha ndawonye kungonga izindleko futhi kugweme ukulungiswa okuvamile esikhathini esifushane.
Ukulungiswa Okuvamile: Ngokwencwadi yokulungisa yamamodeli amaningi ezimoto, isondo elicindezelayo kufanele lihlolwe noma lishintshwe kumakhilomitha ayi-8-10,000 okushayela noma iminyaka engu-3-5 yokusetshenziswa.
Ukuqashelwa kwansuku zonke: Hlola ukuthi ibhande likhululekile yini, ukuthi umzimba wesondo unezimfa noma amabala kawoyela.
Qaphela: Kwezinye izinto, elithi "isondo lokucindezela ijeneretha" kanye nelithi "isondo lokucindezela" amagama ahlukene engxenye efanayo, enomsebenzi ofanayo, womabili abhekisela kudivayisi yokucindezela ibhande.
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