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I-automotive phase shifter, evame ukubhekisela ku-phase shifter ohlelweni lwe-variable valve timing (VVT), iyisici esibalulekile endleleni yokusebenza kwesitimela se-valve yenjini. Isetshenziselwa ukulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo izikhathi zokuvula nokuvala kwama-valve okungenisa noma okukhipha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwenjini, ukonga uphethiloli, kanye namazinga okukhishwa ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene.
Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukushintsha i-engeli yesigaba esihlobene phakathi kwe-camshaft ne-crankshaft ngokusekelwe ezimweni zesikhathi sangempela njengejubane lenjini, umthwalo, kanye nokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuvunyelwe isikhathi se-valve esiguquguqukayo esiqhubekayo. Izinjini ezinesikhathi se-valve esihleliwe azikwazi ukulinganisela i-torque yesivinini esiphansi kanye namandla esivinini esiphezulu, kuyilapho i-phase shifter, ngokulungiswa okuhlakaniphile, ivumela injini ukuthi ifinyelele ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa kanye nokukhipha umoya okungcono kakhulu ezimweni ezahlukene.
Incazelo emfushane yesimiso sokusebenza
I-phase shifter ivame ukufakwa engxenyeni engaphambili ye-camshaft futhi ixhunywe ku-timing chain noma i-pulley. Isakhiwo sayo esiyisisekelo sakhiwe yi-rotor exhunywe ngokuqinile ku-camshaft kanye ne-stator exhunywe ku-timing pulley. Uchungechunge lwezimbobo zikawoyela ezivaliwe lwakhiwa phakathi kwe-rotor kanye ne-stator.
I-Hydraulic phase shifter (eyinhloko): Uwoyela wenjini, ngaphansi kwengcindezi yepompo kawoyela, ulethwa ngqo ekamelweni eliphambili noma elingemuva le-phase shifter nge-valve yokulawula uwoyela (i-OCV valve). Ngokulawula ingcindezi kawoyela, i-rotor iyajikeleza uma iqhathaniswa ne-stator, ngaleyo ndlela ishintshe isigaba se-camshaft. Isibonelo, ukuhlinzeka ngowoyela ekamelweni eliphambili kungenza i-valve ivuleke kusenesikhathi ukuze kwandiswe i-torque yesivinini esiphansi; ukuhlinzeka ngowoyela ekamelweni elingemuva kungabambezela ukuvulwa kwe-valve ukuze kwandiswe amandla esivinini esiphezulu.
I-Electric phase shifter (ubuchwepheshe obuvelayo): Isibonelo, i-electric phase shifter eyenziwe yi-LuK isebenzisa isakhiwo somshini esiqhutshwa yi-motor esine-axis ezintathu, esixhumanisa ngqo i-camshaft, i-pulley, kanye ne-motor. Ngokulawula ngokunembile ijubane le-motor, ukujikeleza okuhlobene phakathi kwe-camshaft ne-pulley kuyatholakala, ngaleyo ndlela kulungiswa isikhathi se-valve. Lesi sakhiwo asincikile ekucindezelweni kukawoyela wenjini, sinesivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo, ukunemba okuphezulu kokulawula, futhi asithinteki yi-viscosity kawoyela wenjini okushisa okuphansi.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
• Thuthukisa ukuphuma kwamandla: Lungiselela i-engeli yokugqagqana kwevalvu ngesivinini esikhulu senjini, wandise ivolumu yokungenisa, futhi wandise amandla enjini.
• Thuthukisa ukonga uphethiloli: Finyelela umphumela womjikelezo we-Miller ngokubambezela ukuvalwa kwevalvu yokungenisa emithwalweni ephansi, unciphise ukulahlekelwa kokupompa.
• Nciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi: Ukusha okuphelele kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamagesi ayingozi (njenge-CO, i-NOx, kanye ne-HC).
• Thuthukisa ukuzivumelanisa nezimo: Ikakhulukazi i-electric phase shifter, ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zokushisa zenjini kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezishintshayo.
Ukucaciswa kokungaqondani okuvamile
• Inzwa yesigaba ≠: I-phase shifter iyi-actuator, enesibopho "sokulungisa"; kuyilapho inzwa yesigaba (njengenzwa yesikhundla se-camshaft) iyindlela yokuzwa, enesibopho "sokuqapha" indawo yangempela ye-camshaft nokubuyisela isignali kuyunithi yokulawula injini (ECU) ukuze kwakheke isilawuli esivaliwe.
• Isilawuli sesigaba esiguquguqukayo se-camshaft: Lesi sakamuva yigama elisetshenziswa yimikhiqizo efana ne-Audi ngesu labo lokulawula uhlelo lwe-VVT, kanti ingxenye yalo eyinhloko ye-actuator yisigaba esishintshayo.
Ngamafuphi, i-automotive phase shifter ingenye yobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bezinjini zesimanje ukuze kufezwe ukusebenza okuphumelelayo, okuhlanzekile, nokusebenza kahle. Intuthuko yayo ishintsha kusukela ohlotsheni lwe-hydraulic olujwayelekile iye kohlobo lukagesi olunembe kakhulu noluthembekile.
Emkhakheni wezimoto, igama elithi "phase shifter" livame ukubhekisela ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezihlukene zokusebenza, futhi imisebenzi yazo ethile incike ohlelweni ezisetshenziswa kulo.
• I-VVT phase shifter (uhlelo lwesikhathi se-valve oluguquguqukayo): Lesi yingxenye ebalulekile ohlelweni lokuphatha injini. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukulungisa ngokuguquguqukayo isigaba sokujikeleza se-camshaft ngokusekelwe ezimweni zokusebenza zesikhathi sangempela senjini (njengesivinini nomthwalo). Ngokushintsha izikhathi zokuvula nokuvala kwama-valve okungenisa kanye/noma okukhipha, ingenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa kanye nenqubo yokushisa kusilinda, ifinyelele umphumela wokuthuthukisa amandla enjini, ithuthukise ukonga kukaphethiloli, futhi inciphise ukukhishwa kokukhipha. Umlawuli wesistimu yamandla ezimoto (umlawuli we-voltage): Lesi sigaba sinesibopho sokuqapha nokulawula i-voltage yokukhipha yejeneretha yemoto. Ngenxa yezinguquko zesivinini senjini, ijubane lejeneretha liyashintshashintsha, okubangela i-voltage yokukhipha engazinzile. Umlawuli we-voltage ulawula i-magnetic current ngaphakathi kwejeneretha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-voltage yokukhipha ihlala izinzile ngenani elilinganiselwe (ngokuvamile cishe ku-14.0V). Lokhu kuvikela ngempumelelo imishini kagesi esebhodini ekushintsheni kwe-voltage futhi inemisebenzi yokuvimbela i-current yokushaja ngokweqile nokunqamula i-reverse current (backflow) ukuvikela ibhethri kanye nejeneretha.
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