Umgomo wokusebenza kwepompo yamanzi yemoto
Ebhulokini lesilinda senjini yemoto, kuneziteshi eziningi zamanzi zokujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa, ezixhunywe ku-radiator (eyaziwa ngokuthi ithangi lamanzi) ngamapayipi amanzi, zakha uhlelo olukhulu lokujikeleza kwamanzi. Endaweni engenhla yokukhipha injini, kukhona iphampu yamanzi eqhutshwa yibhande lefeni bese ipompa amanzi ashisayo esuka eziteshini zamanzi ebhulokini lesilinda senjini bese ipompa amanzi abandayo. Eceleni kwephampu yamanzi, kukhona i-thermostat. Uma imoto isanda kuqala (injini ebandayo), ayivulwa, ngakho amanzi okupholisa awadluli ethangini lamanzi kodwa ajikeleza kuphela ngaphakathi kwenjini (eyaziwa ngokuthi ukujikeleza okuncane). Lapho izinga lokushisa lenjini lifinyelela ngaphezu kwama-degrees angu-95, liyavulwa, bese amanzi ashisayo enjinini epompa ethangini lamanzi. Umoya obandayo ovunguza phezu kwethangi lamanzi ngesikhathi sokuhamba kwemoto ususa ukushisa.
Injini iqhutshwa yi-pulley ukuze ijikeleze i-bearing kanye ne-impeller yephampu yamanzi. Uketshezi olupholile olusephampuni yamanzi lujikeleziswa ndawonye yi-impeller, futhi ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-centrifugal, luphonswa emaphethelweni endlu yephampu yamanzi, ludale ingcindezi ethile, bese lugeleza luphume ngepayipi lokukhipha noma amanzi. Ngenxa yokwehla kwengcindezi enkabeni ye-impeller, uketshezi olupholile olusethangini lamanzi ludonswa lungene ku-impeller ngephampu yamanzi ngaphansi komehluko wengcindezi phakathi kokungena kwamanzi kwephampu kanye nesikhungo se-impeller, okufeza ukujikeleza okuphindaphindayo koketshezi olupholile.
Ukuvuza kwephampu yamanzi yemoto kuvame ukudinga ukushintshwa; ngaphandle kwalokho, kungabangela umonakalo omkhulu enjinini. Nasi ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe:
Izimbangela nezingozi zokuvuza
Iphutha eliyinhloko: Ukuvuza kubangelwa kakhulu yizivalo ezonakele, izivalo zamanzi, noma amabheringi, futhi ukulahleka koketshezi olupholile kuzokwenza injini ishise kakhulu, ishe, noma iqhume.
Imiphumela emibi kakhulu: Uma ingashintshwa, ukwehluleka kwesistimu yokupholisa kuzokwenza:
Geza uketshezi lokugcoba lwama-bearings, usheshise ukuguguleka kwezingxenye;
Izinga lokushisa lenjini lizokhuphuka, okubangela ukuqhekeka kwesilinda, ukusha kwamabhere, kanye nokunye ukulimala okungapheli.
Amacala angavamile kanye nokuphathwa kwawo
Ukuvuza okuncane: Kuphela uma izingxenye zokuvala sezigugile, kungenziwa ukushintshwa okuhlukile kwendandatho yokuvala (hhayi yonke inhlangano yephampu yamanzi), kodwa kudinga ochwepheshe abangochwepheshe ukuqinisekisa.
Izinyathelo zesikhashana: Ukuvuza okuncane kungaxazululwa ngokusebenzisa i-sealant njengesinyathelo esiphuthumayo, kodwa kumele kulungiswe ngokushesha ukuze kugwenywe ukwanda kokuvuza.
Iziphakamiso zesenzo
Yeka ukushayela ngokushesha: Uma uthola ukuvuza (njengokupholisa okunciphile noma amabala amanzi ngaphansi kwemoto), kufanele ucime injini bese uyihlola ukuze uvimbele injini ukuthi ingalahliwe.
Izimpawu eziyinhloko zephampu yamanzi yemoto enephutha zifaka phakathi ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini, ukuvuza kwe-coolant, umsindo ongajwayelekile, isivinini esingazinzile sokungenzi lutho, kanye nokukhanya kwesibani sedeshibhodi. Izimpawu ezithile yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ukushisa ngokweqile kwenjini noma izinga lokushisa elikhuphukayo le-coolant: Ukujikeleza koketshezi olupholile kuyavalwa, okubangela ukuba izinga lokushisa lenjini likhuphuke ngendlela engavamile, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kwenzeka into "ebilayo".
Ukuvuza kwe-coolant: I-seal yephampu yamanzi iyahluleka, futhi kuvela ama-traceant coolant eduze kwenjini (ngokuvamile eluhlaza noma opinki), okuhambisana nokwehla kwezinga loketshezi.
Umsindo ongajwayelekile: Ama-bearings noma ama-impeller alimele, okubangela imisindo yokungqubuzana "eqhumayo" noma "eqhumayo", eyanda ngokukhuphuka kwesivinini sokujikeleza.
Isivinini esingazinzile sokungenzi lutho: Isivinini senjini siyashintshashintsha kakhulu, futhi imoto ivame ukuma uma iqala ezimweni ezibandayo, ngenxa yokumelana kokujikeleza kwephampu okuthinta idrayivu yebhande.
Isibani sesexwayiso sedeshibhodi siyakhanya: Isibani sesexwayiso sokushisa kwamanzi siyavulwa, okubonisa ukwehluleka kohlelo lokupholisa.
Iphampu yamanzi "iyinhliziyo" yenjini, futhi ukulungiswa okufanele kungasindisa izinkinga eziningi. Amaphuzu abalulekile amathathu: Ukuhlolwa nokulungiswa okuvamile: Shintsha i-antifreeze ejwayelekile njalo eminyakeni emi-2 noma amakhilomitha angama-40,000. Ungasebenzisi amanzi ompompi, ngoba azolimaza izingxenye zokuvala. Khumbula ukuhlola ukuqina kwebhande kanye nokuguquguquka kwama-bearings ngesikhathi sokulungiswa ngakunye.
Izivalo nama-bearings: Naka ngokukhethekile isivalo samanzi kanye ne-gasket yokuvala, zishintshe uma sezindala. Ama-bearings kumele ajikeleze kahle ngaphandle kwemisindo engavamile; ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kushintshwe elisha.
Iphampu eqhutshwa yi-pulley: Kumaphampu amanzi aqhutshwa yi-pulley, kunconywa ukuhlola noma ukushintsha njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-60,000. Kungcono ukuyishintsha kanye nebhande lesikhathi ukuze wonge isikhathi.
Amaphuzu abalulekile okwandisa isikhathi sokuphila kwephampu
Ukuhlanza kwansuku zonke: Hlanza njalo umzimba wephampu kanye ne-impeller ukuze uvimbele ukungcola ukuthi kungaqongelelani.
Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa: Naka ukushabalaliswa kokushisa ezinsukwini ezishisayo, futhi ungavumeli imoto ihlale elangeni eliqondile isikhathi eside. Ukuhlanza Okujulile: Hlukanisa futhi uhlanze njalo emakhilomitha ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2-3, hlola i-impeller kanye nokuguga kwamabhereyitha.
Umehluko wokulungisa wezinhlobo ezahlukene zokushayela
I-V-belt drive: Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Gxila ekuhlolweni njalo ngamakhilomitha ayi-6,000. Amabhande agugile azosheshisa ukuguguleka kwephampu yamanzi.
Ukushayela ngeketanga: Isikhathi eside sokuphila, cishe amakhilomitha ayi-8-12 000. Kodwa ukuhlolwa okuvamile nakho kuyadingeka. Amanothi Okufanele Uwaqaphele
Ukukhetha i-coolant: Khetha i-antifreeze ngokuqinile ngokwencwadi yemiyalelo yemoto. Ungaxubi izinhlobo ezahlukene.
Ukulungiswa kwebhande: Ukucindezela kufanele kube okuphakathi. Kungaba okuqinile kakhulu noma okukhululekile kakhulu kuzofinyeza isikhathi sokuphila kwepompo yamanzi.
Ukuphathwa Okungajwayelekile: Uma uzwa imisindo engavamile, uzwa ukuvuza, noma ubona izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lamanzi, yenza ukulungiswa ngokushesha.
Ngemva kokufakwa kwephampu entsha, kuyadingeka ukuhlola indawo yokufaka, indlela yokujikeleza, kanye nokuqina kwephayiphi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile.
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