Iyini ingxenye engezansi yebhampa yangemuva yemoto?
Ingxenye engezansi yebhampa yangemuva yemoto ivame ukubhekisela engxenyeni yepulasitiki efakwe ngaphansi kwebhampa yangemuva, eyaziwa ngokuthi ‘ipuleti le-deflector’ noma ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi ‘i-spoiler yebhampa yangemuva’ noma ‘i-trim engezansi yebhampa yangemuva’.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko nezici zale ngxenye yilezi ezilandelayo:
Ukulungiswa kwe-Aerodynamic: Ipuleti le-deflector, elinomklamo walo othambekele phansi, liqondisa ukuhamba komoya kahle ngaphansi kwemoto, linciphisa ukumelana komoya kanye nokucindezela kwekhabhini, ngaleyo ndlela lehlise umsindo womoya ngesivinini esiphezulu futhi lithuthukise ukonga kukaphethiloli.
Ukuqina kokushayela okuthuthukisiwe: Kunciphisa ngempumelelo "ukuphakamisa" okubangelwa umehluko wokucindezela phakathi kwengxenye ephezulu nephansi yemoto lapho ihamba ngesivinini esikhulu, kuvimbela amasondo angemuva ukuthi angantanti futhi kuthuthukise ukubamba nokuphatha imoto.
Umsebenzi Wokuvikela: Njengengxenye yokuvikela okungaphansi, ipuleti lokudeflektha limunca amandla athile okushaya emihuzuko noma ezingozini ezincane, livikele i-bumper yangemuva kanye nesakhiwo esingezansi semoto.
Umklamo wobuhle: Ukuma kwayo okuhlelekile kuhambisana nesitayela semoto iyonke, okuthuthukisa ukubukeka kwemoto kanye nokukhanga kwayo.
Le ngxenye ivame ukwenziwa ngepulasitiki futhi inamathele kubhampa ngezikulufo noma iziqeshana, okwenza kube lula ukuyihlukanisa nokuyishintsha.
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kwezinye izinto, igama elithi ʻspoiler' lingabhekisela futhi ku-'iphiko lomsila' elifakwe phezulu ngemuva kwemoto, okuyingxenye ehlukile kupuleti lokudeflector elingaphansi kwebhampa yangemuva.
Ingxenye yepulasitiki yengxenye yebhampa engezansi yemoto ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ‘ipuleti le-deflector’, futhi idlala izindima eziningi ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwemoto, okungaphezu nje kokuhlobisa.
Imisebenzi eyinhloko
Lungiselela i-aerodynamics, uthuthukise ukuzinza kokushayela: Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko wepuleti lokudedela. Ngesikhathi sokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugeleza komoya kuzokhiqiza ukuphakama okuphezulu ngenxa yokwehluka kwengcindezi, okungabangela ukuthi amasondo angemuva "antante" futhi kuthinte ukuphathwa. Ipuleti lokudedela, ngesimo salo esithile esibheke phansi, lingaqondisa ngempumelelo ukugeleza komoya ukuthi kuhambe kahle, kunciphise ingcindezi yekhabhini, ngaleyo ndlela kuncishiswe ukuphakama, kuqinisekiswe ukuthi amasondo angemuva anamathele phansi, kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukuzinza nokuphathwa ngesivinini esikhulu.
Nciphisa ukumelana nomoya, thuthukisa ukonga uphethiloli: Ngokwenza ukuhamba komoya kube lula kakhulu phezu kwemoto, kunciphisa ukuxokozela kanye nama-vortices phansi kwemoto, ipuleti lokudefleka linciphisa ngempumelelo ukumelana nomoya (ukumelana nomoya) kwemoto. Ngokumelana nomoya okuncishisiwe, injini ayidingi ukusebenzisa amandla amaningi ukuze inqobe ukumelana nomoya, ngaleyo ndlela isize ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kukaphethiloli.
Vikela imoto kanye nabahamba ngezinyawo: Ipuleti lokudefleka litholakala endaweni ephansi kakhulu ngemuva kwemoto, njenge-"buffer pad". Ezingozini noma ekuklwebhekeni ngesivinini esiphansi (njengokushaya unqenqema noma amatshe), lingaqala ngokumunca futhi lisakaze amandla okushaya, livikele i-bumper yangemuva kanye nesakhiwo esingezansi semoto, linciphise izindleko zokulungisa. Ezingozini ezinzima kakhulu, lingasiza futhi ekusabalaliseni amandla okushaya, linciphise ukulimala kwabagibeli futhi linikeze isivikelo esithile se-buffer kwabahamba ngezinyawo.
Thuthukisa ukubukeka kwemoto: Ipuleti le-deflector liyingxenye ebalulekile yokwakheka kokubukeka kwemoto. Imigqa yayo ebushelelezi kanye nesimo sayo sezemidlalo kungathuthukisa ukuguquguquka kokubona kwemoto kanye nemfashini, kwenze ukubukeka kwangemuva kuhambisane kakhudlwana, kuthuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe noma kwezemidlalo, futhi kuthuthukise izinga lokubukeka kanye nokuqashelwa kwemoto iyonke.
Nciphisa umsindo ngesikhathi sokushayela: Ngokwenza ngcono indlela yokuhamba komoya nokunciphisa ukuxokozela nokudlidliza phansi kwemoto, ipuleti lokudefletha linganciphisa futhi, ngezinga elithile, umsindo womoya ngesikhathi sokushayela ngesivinini esikhulu, okudala indawo ethule ngaphakathi kwemoto.
Ngamafuphi, ipuleti lokudefletha ngaphansi kwebhampa yangemuva yemoto liyingxenye yomklamo oyinkimbinkimbi ohlanganisa ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kwe-aerodynamic, ukuvikelwa kokuphepha, ukulungiswa kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, kanye nokuhlobisa ukubukeka. Nakuba lincane, lidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho kwemoto iyonke.
Imbangela evame kakhulu yokwehluleka engxenyeni engezansi yebhampa yangemuva yemoto ukuguga, ukuphuka noma ukukhululeka kweziqeshana zokulungisa, okubangela ukuba ibhampa igobe, iqhekeke noma yandise igebe nomzimba wemoto. Isixazululo sidinga ukunqunywa ngokusekelwe kumbangela ethile kanye nobunzima bokwehluleka.
Izixazululo eziyinhloko
Shintsha iziqeshana zokulungisa (isixazululo esivame kakhulu) Iningi lezinkinga ngengxenye engezansi yebhampa yangemuva egugile zibangelwa ukuguga, ukuqhekeka noma ukuhlukana kwezinamathiseli zepulasitiki. Isixazululo esiqondile nesisebenza kahle kakhulu yilesi:
Qhaqa ngokuphelele i-bumper yangemuva.
Hlola futhi ushintshe zonke izibambo ezonakele noma ezindala. Kunconywa ukuthi ushintshe zonke izibambo ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla okufanayo futhi ugweme ukuthi izibambo ezintsha zingaphinde zihluleke ngenxa yokuxega kwezinye izibambo ezindala.
Uma ufaka kabusha i-bumper, qiniseka ukuthi zonke izikhonkwane zifakwe ngokunembile nangokuqinile ezikhaleni ezifanele emzimbeni wemoto.
Le ndlela iyasebenza uma izikhonkwane zonakele kodwa umzimba webhampa awunazo izimfa noma ukonakala okukhulu.
Hlola futhi ulungise umonakalo emzimbeni we-bumper
Uma ingxenye engezansi yebhampa inemifantu, amaphuphu noma ukuguquka okukhulu, ukufaka izikhonkwane kuphela ngeke kuxazulule inkinga. Kudingeka ukulungiswa kochwepheshe:
Ibhampa yepulasitiki: Ubuchwepheshe bokushisela ngepulasitiki bungasetshenziswa ukulungisa. Ngemva kokubuyisela isimo sokuqala, ukugaya nokupenda kungenziwa ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokubuyisela ukubukeka kwasekuqaleni.
Izinto zensimbi noma ze-fiberglass: Uma ugongolo lwensimbi lukhubazekile noma izinto ze-fiberglass zonakele, kufanele kusetshenziswe ukushisela insimbi okuhambisanayo noma amasu okulungisa akhethekile e-fiberglass.
Uma umonakalo umkhulu kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe yonke i-bumper entsha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha nobuhle.
Hlola futhi ulungise izingxenye ezihlobene
Ngezinye izikhathi inkinga ngengxenye engezansi yebhampa ayibangelwa yizibambo zokubopha kuphela. Ezinye izingxenye ezihlobene nazo zidinga ukuhlolwa:
Hlola ibhulakhethi yebhampa: Kwamanye amamodeli (njenge-QX50), ukuguquguquka kwebhampa yangemuva kungase kuhlobane nesikhala esiningi sepuleti lokulungisa langemuva. Cabanga ukusebenzisa iphedi yerabha efanele ngaphansi kwepuleti lokulungisa ukuze ulungise indawo. Kodwa-ke, lo msebenzi uvame ukudinga ukuhlakazwa kwebhampa.
Hlola ukulingana kwezingxenye eziseduze: Qinisekisa ukuthi igebe eliphakathi kwe-bumper kanye ne-fender yangemuva, isembozo se-trunk, njll. liyafana yini. Susa ukukhubazeka "okungamanga" okubangelwa ukungahleleki kahle kwezinye izingxenye.
Iseluleko sochwepheshe sokulungisa
Thatha isinyathelo ngokushesha: Uma ukukhubazeka kwebhampa kungalungiswa ngesikhathi, kungase kuwa ngesikhathi sokushayela, kungagcini nje ngokuphazamisa ukubukeka, kodwa futhi kube yingozi enkulu yokuphepha ezimotweni ezingemuva.
Khetha isitolo sokulungisa izimoto sochwepheshe: Kunconywa ukuthi uye esitolo sokulungisa izimoto sochwepheshe ukuze uthole ukuxilongwa nokulungiswa. Sebenzisa amathuluzi nezinto zokwakha zobungcweti ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokuphepha kokulungisa nokushayela.
Ukulungiswa kokuvimbela: Hlola njalo ukuqina kwebhampa, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokushayela emigwaqweni enamagquma noma uhlangabezana nemihuzuko emincane, bese uthola ngokushesha futhi ubhekane nezinkinga ezingaba khona.
Isifinyezo: Uma kunezinkinga ngengxenye engezansi yebhampa, beka phambili ukuhlola nokufaka zonke izibambo esikhundleni sazo. Uma izibambo ziphelele kodwa ibhampa inemifantu noma ukuguquguquka, kudingeka ukulungiswa kwe-weld noma ukushintshwa. Uma inkinga iyinkimbinkimbi, kunconywa ukufuna usizo kochwepheshe abangochwepheshe. Ungazinaki izingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona.
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