Izibani zemoto: "Amehlo" okuphepha kokushayela kanye nokuxazulula izinkinga
Phakathi kwezingxenye eziningi zemoto, izibani zangaphambili zifana "namehlo" emoto, ziyimishini ebalulekile yokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokushayela. Azikhanyisi nje kuphela umgwaqo ongaphambili kumshayeli ebusuku noma esimweni sezulu esibi, kodwa futhi zidlulisela izimpawu zokushayela kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ngezindlela ezahlukene zokukhanyisa. Ukubaluleka kwazo kuyabonakala.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezibani zemoto
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wezibani zangaphambili ukunikeza umshayeli ukukhanya, ukuqinisekisa ukubonakala okucacile komgwaqo ongaphambili ezimweni ezingabonakali kahle njengasebusuku, kusihlwa, noma esimweni sezulu esinemvula nesinomswakama. Imisebe eseduze nokukhanya okuphansi inobubanzi obungamamitha angu-30 kuya kwangu-50, igxile endaweni eseduze phambi kwemoto futhi ingabangeli ukukhanya kubashayeli bezimoto ezizayo, okwenza kube kuhle ukusetshenziswa emigwaqweni yasemadolobheni, lapho bedlula abanye, noma lapho belandela eduze. Izibani ezisebenza emini zingathuthukisa ukubonakala kwezimoto emini, zenze kube lula kwabanye abasebenzisi bomgwaqo ukuqaphela imoto nokuvimbela izingozi.
Ukudluliselwa kwesignali, isixwayiso kanye nokugwema Ngaphezu kokukhanyisa, izibani zangaphambili nazo zinomsebenzi obalulekile wokuxwayisa. Ngokushintsha phakathi kwezindlela zokukhanyisa ezahlukene, abashayeli bangadlulisela izinhloso zabo zokushayela kwezinye izimoto nakubahamba ngezinyawo. Isibonelo, lapho bedlula ebusuku, ukushintshana phakathi kwemisebe ephezulu nephansi kungaxwayisa imoto eyandulele. Uma imoto iphuka futhi ima okwesikhashana, ukuvula izibani eziyingozi (kwamanye amamodeli, lokhu kufezwa ngokukhanyisa izibani zangaphambili ngokushesha) kungaxwayisa ezinye izimoto nabahamba ngezinyawo, okubonisa ukuthi imoto isesimweni esingavamile futhi ibacele ukuba baqaphele. Esimweni sezulu esinemvula noma esinenkungu, ukusebenzisa izibani zangaphambili kanye nezibani zangemuva kungathuthukisa ukubonakala futhi kunciphise amathuba ezingozi.
Ukuthobela imithethonqubo, isiqinisekiso sokuphepha Ezifundeni eziningi, imithethonqubo yomgwaqo ibeka ngokusobala ukuthi izibani zangaphambili kumele zivulwe ebusuku noma ezimweni zokubonakala okuphansi. Lokhu akugcini nje ngokuqinisekisa ukuphepha komshayeli ekushayeleni kodwa futhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokugcina ukuhleleka komgwaqo. Ukunamathela emithethweni yokusebenzisa izibani kunganciphisa izingozi ezibangelwa ukubonakala okungekuhle futhi kudale indawo yokushayela ephephile.
Amaphutha avamile kanye nezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga zezibani zemoto
Nakuba izibani zangaphambili bezilokhu zithuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo ekwakhiweni nasekukhiqizweni, amaphutha ahlukahlukene angase avele ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside, okuthinta ukuphepha kokushayela. Nazi ezinye zezinkinga ezivamile nezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga:
Izibani zekhanda azisebenzi nhlobo. Lokhu kuyiphutha elivamile. Izizathu eziyinhloko zifaka: okokuqala, i-bulb ingase yonakale, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyi-halogen bulb (evame ukuhlala iminyaka emi-2 kuya kwemi-3) noma i-LED bulb, okungase kube ngenxa yokuphuka kwe-filament noma ukwehluleka kwe-chip yangaphakathi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, hlola ukubukeka kwe-bulb; uma i-filament iphukile noma i-bulb imnyama, yishintshe nge-bulb yencazelo efanayo. Okwesibili, i-fuse kungenzeka ukuthi ivuthile, okungabangela nokuthi izibani zekhanda zingasebenzi. Isekethe yezibani zekhanda inama-fuse okuvikela, futhi uma amandla kagesi ephezulu kakhulu (njengokusebenzisa i-bulb enamandla aphezulu ukuze kuguqulwe), i-fuse izovuthela ukuvikela isekethe. Ngalesi sikhathi, thola ibhokisi le-fuse lemoto bese ubheka imininingwane encwadini ukuze ufake i-fuse esikhundleni sencazelo efanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphutha okuxhuma (njengama-plug akhululekile, izintambo ezigugayo kanye nezintambo ezimfushane), amaphutha okushintsha noma okudlulisela angabangela nokuthi izibani zekhanda zingasebenzi. Uma ungakwazi ukuzixazulula ngokwakho, kunconywa ukufuna izinsizakalo zokulungisa zobungcweti.
Izibani zekhanda ziyakhanya futhi zicime. Leli phutha livame ukuhlotshaniswa nokuxhumana okungekuhle. Okokuqala, hlola ukuthi isisekelo sebhalbhu si-oxidized noma sigqwalile; uma kunjalo, hlanza i-oxide noma ushintshe i-bulb; ngesikhathi esifanayo, hlola ukuthi i-fuse ikhululekile noma i-oxidized; uma kunjalo, shintsha i-fuse ukuze ihlolwe. Uma imoto ifakwe izibani ezizenzakalelayo, uhlelo lungashintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo imodi yokukhanya ngenxa yokwahlulela okungalungile yinzwa yokukhanya, okubangela ukuthi abantu bakholelwe ngephutha ukuthi kukhona iphutha. Ezimweni ezinjalo, ungashintshela kwimodi yesandla ukuze ubone ukuthi izibani zibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izintambo ezigugayo kanye ne-voltage engazinzile (njengebhethri eliphelile noma i-generator engajwayelekile) nakho kungabangela ukuguquguquka kokunikezwa kokukhanya, okuholela ekukhanyeni okungenasikhathi. Ungasebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala i-voltage engaguquki yebhethri (kufanele ibe ngu-≥ 12.5V) kanye ne-voltage yokukhipha yejeneretha (efanele izinze ku-13.8 - 14.8V) ngemva kokuqala. Uma i-voltage ingajwayelekile, udinga ukulungisa ngokushesha uhlelo lokunikezwa kwamandla.
Ukukhanya kwezibani zangaphambili okunganele kungathinta umbono womshayeli futhi kwandise ingozi yokushayela ebusuku. Izimbangela ezingaba khona zifaka phakathi ukuguga kwebhalbhu. Njengoba imoto isetshenziswa, ukukhanya kwebhalbhu kwehla kancane kancane. Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe ibhalbhu njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-50,000 noma ngemva kweminyaka emi-2 yokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukungcola ebusweni bekhava yesibani kungathinta nomphumela wokukhanya. Ngesikhathi sokushayela, ikhava yesibani ivame ukuchitheka ngamanzi noma udaka, futhi uma ingahlanzwa ngesikhathi, ukusebenza kahle kokukhanyisa kuzoncipha ngo-50%. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlanza ikhava yesibani njalo. Kungase kube namaphutha ohlelweni lokunikezwa kwamandla, njengokwanele kwe-voltage yebhethri noma ukumelana kwemigqa okwandisiwe, okungaholela ekunganeleni kokunikezwa kwamandla ebhalbhu kanye nokuncipha kokukhanya. Udinga ukuhlola uhlelo lokunikezwa kwamandla ukuqinisekisa i-voltage ezinzile kanye nemigqa engaphazanyiswa.
Amaphuzu abalulekile okunakekelwa njalo kwezibani zangaphambili
Ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kwezibani zangaphambili futhi kuncishiswe ukwenzeka kwamaphutha, ukulungiswa njalo kubalulekile. Okokuqala, hlola njalo isimo sokusebenza kwezibani zangaphambili, okuhlanganisa ukuthi izibani eziseduze, ezikude, ezijikayo, kanye nezibani zenkungu zikhanyisiwe kahle yini, nokuthi indlela yokukhanya iphambukile yini. Okwesibili, gcina isembozo sesibani sihlanzekile futhi usihlanze njalo ngesihlanzi esizinikele ukuze ugweme ithonya lamabala emphumeleni wokukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwezidingo zencwadi yomsebenzisi yemoto, shintsha isibani njalo. Ungalindi kuze kube yilapho isibani sonakele ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokusishintsha ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izibani zangaphambili zihlala zisebenza kahle ekukhanyeni. Ezimotweni ezifakwe izibani ezizenzakalelayo, udinga futhi ukuhlola njalo ukuthi isibani sisebenza kahle yini ukuze ugweme ukusebenza okungalungile kwezibani ngenxa yokwehluleka kwezinzwa.
Izibani zangaphambili zemoto ziyisiqinisekiso esibalulekile sokuphepha kokushayela. Ukuqonda imisebenzi yazo, amaphutha avamile, kanye nezindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga, nokwenza ukulungiswa njalo kungagcina lawa "mehlo" ekhanya njalo, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokuhamba kwethu.
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