Isihlungi Samafutha Emoto: Isexwayiso Esingabonakali Somqaphi Nesephutha Senjini
Ohlelweni lokusebenza kwenjini yemoto, yize isihlungi sikawoyela sibonakala singabalulekile, siyingxenye ebalulekile eqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kwenjini. Kufana "nezinso" zenjini, kuhlunga buthule ukungcola ku-oyela wenjini futhi kuhambise "igazi" elihlanzekile ezingxenyeni eziqondile zenjini. Uma isihlungi sikawoyela sehluleka, ngeke sithinte kuphela ukusebenza kwenjini kodwa futhi singadala umonakalo omkhulu wemishini.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesihlungi samafutha
Umthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wesihlungi samafutha ukuhlunga ukungcola ku-oyela wenjini. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, ukungqubuzana kwezingxenye zensimbi zangaphakathi kukhiqiza ukucheba kwensimbi, kanti uwoyela wenjini ezindaweni ezishisa kakhulu uzokhiqiza ama-carbon deposits kanye nodaka lwamafutha, futhi uthuli oluvela emoyeni lungaxubana nowoyela wenjini. Uma lokhu kungcola kusakazwa ngokungahleliwe, kuzoguga izingxenye eziqondile ezifana nama-piston, ama-crankshaft, nama-camshaft njenge-sandpaper, okusheshisa ukuguga kwenjini. Izihlungi zamafutha ezisezingeni eliphezulu zithembele ephepheni lokuhlunga elincane ukuze zivimbele ngempumelelo ukungcola okuncane njengo-0.001mm, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uwoyela ongena ohlelweni lokugcoba uhlanzekile futhi umsulwa, ngaleyo ndlela wandise impilo yenkonzo yenjini.
Okwesibili, isihlungi samafutha singagcina ukuzinza kokusebenza kwamafutha enjini. Singahlunga izinsini namanzi kumafutha enjini ukuvimbela uwoyela wenjini ukuthi ungaxubani ngenxa yokuba khona kwamanzi, futhi sivimbele izinsini ukuthi zingabangeli ukwehla kokugeleza kwamafutha enjini. Uwoyela wenjini ohlanzekile ungakha kangcono ifilimu yamafutha ebusweni bezingxenye, udlala indima ekugcobeni, ekupholiseni, ekuvaleni nasekuhlanzeni, ukugcina injini isesimweni sokusebenza esisebenzayo njalo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, isihlungi samafutha sifakwe i-bypass valve njengesinyathelo sokuphepha. Uma isihlungi sivalekile ngokungcola okuningi, i-bypass valve izovuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ivumele uwoyela wenjini ukuthi udlule isihlungi futhi ungene ngqo ohlelweni lokugcoba, ivimbele injini ukuthi yonakale ngokushesha ngenxa yokuntuleka kokugcoba kwamafutha. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuyisinyathelo esiphuthumayo kuphela. Ukuthembela isikhathi eside ku-bypass valve kuzobangela uwoyela wenjini ongahlungiwe ukuthi ungene enjinini, okusabangela ukuguguleka kwengxenye, ngakho-ke ukushintshwa njalo kwesihlungi kubalulekile.
Amaphutha avamile kanye nezimpawu zesihlungi samafutha
Iphutha elivame kakhulu lesihlungi sikawoyela ukuvaleka. Njengoba isikhathi sokusetshenziswa sanda, ubuso besihlungi buzoqoqa inani elikhulu lokungcola, okubangela ukwanda kokumelana kokujikeleza kukawoyela noma ukuvaleka okuphelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, isibani se-alamu yokucindezela kukawoyela kudeshibhodi yenjini sivame ukukhanya, okuwuphawu oluqondile lokwehla kokucindezela kukawoyela.
Ukuvaleka kuzophinde kubangele uchungechunge lwezimpikiswano zamaketanga: ngenxa yokungagcwalisi ngokwanele, izingxenye zangaphakathi zenjini zizokhiqiza umsindo ocacile wokungqubuzana kwensimbi, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala noma ukusheshisa okubandayo, umsindo uzoba mkhulu kakhulu; ukugeleza okunganele kwamafutha kuholela ekunciphiseni komphumela wokushabalalisa ukushisa, izinga lokushisa lenjini liyakhuphuka, ukuphuma kwamandla kwehla, imoto ishesha ngobunzima, ukukhuphuka intaba kuba nzima; ngesikhathi esifanayo, injini yokunqoba ukumelana kokungqubuzana okwandisiwe kuzokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, okuholela ekwandeni kokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okungajwayelekile; kakhulu, kungase futhi kubangele ukungazinzi kokungenzi lutho, ukuma kwenjini, ngisho nokusha kukaphethiloli, ipayipi lokukhipha umoya likhipha intuthu eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, futhi ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli kwanda kakhulu.
Ngaphezu kokuvaleka, isihlungi samafutha singase sibe nenkinga yokuhluleka kokuvala. Uma indandatho yokuvala yesihlungi igugile, yonakele, noma ingaqiniswanga ku-torque ecacisiwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa, izobangela ukuvuza kwamafutha, inciphise umthamo wamafutha enjini futhi ibangele ukuntuleka kwephutha lokuthambisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenzisa izihlungi eziphansi kungabangela umonakalo wephepha lesihlungi, ukwehluleka kwe-bypass valve, kanye nokungakwazi ukuhlunga ukungcola ngempumelelo, okuvumela ukungcola ukuthi kungene ngqo enjinini, okubangela umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu.
Ukugcinwa nokufakwa esikhundleni kwesihlungi samafutha
Ukuze kugwenywe ukwehluleka kwezihlungi zikawoyela, ukushintshwa njalo kubalulekile. Ngokuvamile, isihlungi sikawoyela kufanele sishintshwa ngesikhathi esifanayo namafutha enjini, ngomjikelezo wokushintsha ngokuvamile osukela kumakhilomitha angu-5000-10000 noma njalo ezinyangeni ezi-6, kuye ngezincomo zomenzi. Ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima njengothuli namazinga okushisa aphezulu, umjikelezo wokushintsha kufanele ufinyezwe ngokufanele.
Uma ushintsha isihlungi samafutha, kufanele unake ukusebenza kahle. Okokuqala, khipha uwoyela wenjini endala ngokuphelele. Bese usebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile ukususa isici sesihlungi esidala. Faka ungqimba lwamafutha endandatho yokuvala yesici sesihlungi esisha, bese usiqinisa ngesandla bese usiqinisa nge-torque ecacisiwe ukuqinisekisa ukuvala okuhle. Ngemva kokushintsha, qala injini bese uhlola ukuthi ingcindezi yamafutha ijwayelekile yini. Futhi, hlola ukuthi akukho ukuvuza.
Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukukhetha izihlungi zikawoyela wenjini ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Beka phambili ukukhetha imikhiqizo evela kumikhiqizo eyaziwayo eneziqinisekiso zekhwalithi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isici sesihlungi sinokulunga okuhle kokuhlunga kanye nomthamo womlotha, futhi ugweme izingozi ezingaba khona enjinini ngenxa yezihlungi ezingezinhle.
Nakuba isihlungi samafutha enjini sincane, sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yenjini. Ukuqonda umsebenzi waso, ukuhlonza ngokushesha izimpawu zamaphutha, nokwenza ukulungiswa nokushintsha njalo kungaqinisekisa ukuthi injini ihlala isesimweni esihle futhi kunikeze isiqinisekiso esiqinile sokushayela imoto ngokuphephile.
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