Indawo yokusebenza kanye nomgomo wefeni yokupholisa imoto
1. Lapho inzwa yezinga lokushisa ethangini (empeleni ivalvu yokulawula izinga lokushisa, hhayi inzwa yokushisa kwegeji yamanzi) ithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lethangi lingaphezu komkhawulo (ikakhulukazi amadigri angu-95), i-fan relay iyabandakanyeka;
2. Isekhethi yabalandeli ixhunywe nge-fan relay, bese i-fan motor iqala.
3. Uma inzwa yezinga lokushisa ethangini lamanzi ithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lethangi lamanzi liphansi kunombundu, i-relay yefeni iyahlukaniswa futhi isithuthuthu sesifeni siyayeka ukusebenza.
Isici esihlobene nokusebenza kwabalandeli izinga lokushisa lethangi, futhi izinga lokushisa lethangi alihlobene ngokuqondile nezinga lokushisa lamanzi enjini.
Indawo yokusebenza kanye nomgomo wefeni yokupholisa imoto: isistimu yokupholisa imoto ihlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili.
Ukupholisa uketshezi nokupholisa umoya. Isimiso sokupholisa semoto epholile uketshezi sizungeza uketshezi ngamapayipi namashaneli enjini. Lapho uketshezi lugeleza enjinini eshisayo, lubamba ukushisa futhi lupholise injini. Ngemva kokuba uketshezi seludlule enjinini, luphambukiselwa kumshini wokushisa (noma kurediyetha), lapho ukushisa okuvela oketshezini kuhlakazwa khona emoyeni. Ukupholisa umoya Ezinye izimoto zakuqala zazisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa umoya, kodwa izimoto zesimanje aziyisebenzisi le ndlela. Esikhundleni sokuzungeza uketshezi enjinini, le ndlela yokupholisa isebenzisa amashidi e-aluminium anamathiselwe ngaphezulu kwamasilinda enjini ukuze apholise. Amafeni anamandla aphephetha umoya emakhasini e-aluminium, akhiphe ukushisa emoyeni ongenalutho, opholisa injini. Ngenxa yokuthi izimoto eziningi zisebenzisa ukupholisa uketshezi, izimoto zamapayipi zinamapayipi amaningi ohlelweni lwazo lokupholisa.
Ngemva kokuba iphampu ilethe uketshezi enjinini, uketshezi luqala ukugeleza eziteshini zenjini ezizungeze isilinda. Uketshezi lube selubuyela ku-thermostat ngekhanda le-cylinder yenjini, lapho luphuma khona enjinini. Uma i-thermostat icishiwe, uketshezi luzogeleza lubuyele ngqo epompo ngamapayipi azungeze i-thermostat. Uma i-thermostat ivuliwe, uketshezi luzoqala ukugelezela kurediyetha bese lubuyela empompini.
Isistimu yokushisa nayo inomjikelezo ohlukile. Umjikelezo uqala ekhanda le-cylinder bese uphakela uketshezi ngokusebenzisa izifutho ze-heater ngaphambi kokubuyela epompo. Ezimotweni ezinama-othomathikhi, ngokuvamile kunenqubo yomjikelezo ohlukile wokupholisa uwoyela wokudlulisa owakhelwe kurediyetha. Amafutha okudlulisa ampontshwa ngokudluliswa kwesinye isishintshi sokushisa kurediyetha. Uketshezi lungasebenza ebangeni lokushisa elibanzi ukusuka ngaphansi kwamadigri Celsius angaphezu kuka-38.
Ngakho-ke, noma iluphi uketshezi olusetshenziselwa ukupholisa injini kufanele lube nendawo ephansi yokuqandisa, indawo yokubilisa ephezulu kakhulu, futhi ikwazi ukumunca inhlobonhlobo yokushisa. Amanzi angolunye loketshezi olusebenza kahle kakhulu ukumunca ukushisa, kodwa indawo yokuqandisa yamanzi iphezulu kakhulu ukuze ihlangabezane nezimo eziyinhloso zezinjini zezimoto. Uketshezi olusetshenziswa izimoto eziningi yingxube yamanzi ne-ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), eyaziwa nangokuthi isipholisa. Ngokungeza i-ethylene glycol emanzini, iphuzu lokubilisa lingakhuphuka kakhulu futhi iphuzu lokuqandisa lehliswe.
Njalo uma injini isebenza, iphampu izungeza uketshezi. Ngokufana namaphampu ayi-centrifugal asetshenziswa ezimotweni, njengoba iphampu izungeza, iphampa uketshezi ngaphandle ngamandla amaphakathi futhi ihlale ilumunca phakathi nendawo. I-inlet yepompo itholakala eduze nendawo ukuze uketshezi olubuya kurediyetha lukwazi ukuxhumana nama-pump blades. Ama-pump blades athwala uketshezi aluyise ngaphandle kwepompo, lapho lungena khona enjinini. Uketshezi oluphuma empompini luqala ukugeleza esivimbeni senjini nasekhanda, bese lungena kurediyetha, futhi ekugcineni lubuyele empompini. Ibhulokhi yesilinda yenjini kanye nekhanda kunenqwaba yamashaneli enziwe ngokusakazwa noma ukukhiqizwa komshini ukuze kube lula ukugeleza koketshezi.
Uma uketshezi kula mapayipi lugeleza kahle, uketshezi kuphela oluthinta ipayipi luzopholiswa ngokuqondile. Ukushisa okudluliselwa kuketshezi olugeleza ngepayipi kuya epayipini kuncike ekuhlukeni kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwepayipi noketshezi oluthinta ipayipi. Ngakho-ke, uma uketshezi oluthintana nepayipi lupholile ngokushesha, ukushisa okudluliswayo kuzoba kuncane kakhulu. Lonke uketshezi olusepayipini lungasetshenziswa ngendlela ephumelelayo ngokudala isiphithiphithi epayipini, kuxutshwe lonke uketshezi, nokugcina uketshezi luthintana nepayipi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze lumunce ukushisa okwengeziwe.
I-cooler yokudlulisa ifana kakhulu ne-radiator ku-radiator, ngaphandle kokuthi amafutha awashintshi ukushisa nomzimba womoya, kodwa nge-antifreeze ku-radiator. Ikhava yethangi lokucindezela Ikhava yethangi lokucindezela ingakhuphula iphoyinti elibilayo le-antifreeze ngo-25℃.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-thermostat ukushisa injini ngokushesha nokugcina izinga lokushisa elingashintshi. Lokhu kufezwa ngokulungisa inani lamanzi ageleza nge-radiator. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, i-radiator izovaleka ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi wonke ama-antifreeze azozungeza enjinini. Uma izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze likhuphukela ku-82-91 C, i-thermostat izovulwa, okuzovumela uketshezi ukuba lugeleze ku-radiator. Uma izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze lifinyelela ku-93-103℃, isilawuli sezinga lokushisa sizohlala sivuliwe.
Ifeni yokupholisa iyafana ne-thermostat, ngakho-ke kufanele ilungiswe ukuze injini igcine izinga lokushisa elingashintshi. Izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angaphambili zinamafeni kagesi ngoba injini ivamise ukufakwa ivundlile, okusho ukuthi ukuphuma kwenjini kubheke eceleni kwemoto.
I-fan ingalungiswa ngokushintsha kwe-thermostatic noma ikhompyutha yenjini. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kwephoyinti elimisiwe, lawa mafeni azovulwa. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwenani elimisiwe, laba balandeli bazocisha. Ifeni epholisayo Izimoto ezidonsa ngamasondo angemuva ezinenjini yobude ngokuvamile zihlonyiswa ngamafeni okupholisa aqhutshwa yinjini. Laba balandeli banama-clutches e-thermostatic viscous. I-clutch itholakala maphakathi nefeni, izungezwe ukugeleza komoya okuvela kurediyetha. Le clutch ye-viscous kwesinye isikhathi ifana ne-viscous coupler yemoto edonsa ngawo wonke amasondo. Uma imoto ishisa ngokweqile, vula wonke amawindi bese usebenzisa i-heater uma isiphephetha-moya sigijima ngesivinini esikhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isistimu yokushisisa empeleni iyisistimu yokupholisa yesibili, engabonisa isimo sesistimu enkulu yokupholisa emotweni.
Isistimu ye-heater I-heater bellows etholakala kudeshibhodi yemoto empeleni iyirediyetha encane. Umshicileli we-heater uthumela umoya ongenalutho ngokusebenzisa izivunguvungu ze-heater nasendlini yabagibeli yemoto. Ama-heaters amancane afana nama-radiator amancane. Izifutho zokushisisa zimunca isinqandi-kushisa esishisayo esivela esihlokweni sesilinda bese siyibuyisela emuva empompini ukuze i-heater ikwazi ukusebenza lapho i-thermostat ivuliwe noma ivaliwe.
