Isikhundla sokusebenza kanye nomgomo womoya wokupholisa imoto
1. Lapho inzwa yokushisa yethangi (empeleni ivalvu yokulawula izinga lokushisa, hhayi inzwa yokushisa yegeji yamanzi) ithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lethangi lidlula umkhawulo (ikakhulukazi ama-degrees angu-95), i-fan relay iyabamba;
2. Isekethe yefeni ixhunywe nge-fan relay, bese injini yefeni iyaqala.
3. Lapho inzwa yokushisa yethangi lamanzi ithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lethangi lamanzi liphansi kunomkhawulo, i-fan relay iyahlukaniswa bese injini ye-fan iyeka ukusebenza.
Isici esihlobene nokusebenza kwefeni izinga lokushisa lethangi, futhi izinga lokushisa lethangi alihlobene ngqo nezinga lokushisa lamanzi enjini.
Isikhundla sokusebenza kanye nomgomo womoya wokupholisa imoto: uhlelo lokupholisa imoto luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezimbili.
Ukupholisa uketshezi kanye nokupholisa umoya. Uhlelo lokupholisa lwemoto epholiswe uketshezi lujikeleza uketshezi ngamapayipi neziteshi enjinini. Uma uketshezi lugeleza ngenjini eshisayo, lumunca ukushisa bese lupholisa injini. Ngemva kokuba uketshezi seludlule enjinini, ludluliselwa ku-heat exchanger (noma i-radiator), lapho ukushisa okuvela kuketshezi kuhlakazeka khona emoyeni. Ukupholisa umoya Ezinye izimoto zakuqala zazisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokupholisa umoya, kodwa izimoto zanamuhla azisebenzisi le ndlela. Esikhundleni sokujikeleza uketshezi enjinini, le ndlela yokupholisa isebenzisa amashidi e-aluminium anamathiselwe ebusweni bamasilinda enjini ukuze ipholise. Abalandeli abanamandla baphefumula umoya kumashidi e-aluminium, bekhipha ukushisa emoyeni ongenalutho, okupholisa injini. Ngenxa yokuthi izimoto eziningi zisebenzisa ukupholisa uketshezi, izimoto ze-ductwork zinepayipi eliningi ohlelweni lwazo lokupholisa.
Ngemva kokuba iphampu isilethe uketshezi ebhulokini lenjini, uketshezi luqala ukugeleza ngeziteshi zenjini ezizungeze isilinda. Uketshezi lube selubuyela ku-thermostat ngekhanda lesilinda senjini, lapho lugeleza khona luphuma enjinini. Uma i-thermostat icishiwe, uketshezi luzogeleza lubuyele ngqo ephampuni ngamapayipi azungeze i-thermostat. Uma i-thermostat ivuliwe, uketshezi luzoqala ukugeleza lungene ku-radiator bese lubuyela ephampuni.
Uhlelo lokushisa lunomjikelezo ohlukile. Umjikelezo uqala ekhanda lesilinda bese uphakela uketshezi ngemibhobho yesifudumezi ngaphambi kokubuyela empompini. Ezimotweni ezinezidluliseli ezizenzakalelayo, ngokuvamile kunenqubo yomjikelezo ohlukile wokupholisa uwoyela wokudlulisa owakhelwe ku-radiator. Uwoyela wokudlulisa uphonswa yi-transmission ngenye i-heat exchanger ku-radiator. Uketshezi lungasebenza ebangeni elikhulu lokushisa kusukela ngaphansi kwezinga-zero degrees Celsius kuya ngaphezu kwama-38 degrees Celsius.
Ngakho-ke, noma yiluphi uketshezi olusetshenziswa ukupholisa injini kumele lube nephuzu eliphansi kakhulu lokuqandisa, iphuzu eliphezulu kakhulu lokubila, futhi lukwazi ukumunca ububanzi bokushisa. Amanzi angenye yeziphuzo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ukumunca ukushisa, kodwa iphuzu lokuqandisa lamanzi liphezulu kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezimo ezihlosiwe zezinjini zezimoto. Uketshezi olusetshenziswa kakhulu yizimoto ingxube yamanzi kanye ne-ethylene glycol (c2h6o2), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-coolant. Ngokufaka i-ethylene glycol emanzini, iphuzu lokubila lingandiswa kakhulu futhi iphuzu lokuqandisa lehliswe.
Njalo uma injini isebenza, iphampu ijikeleza uketshezi. Njengephampu ye-centrifugal esetshenziswa ezimotweni, njengoba iphampu ijikeleza, iphampu uketshezi ngaphandle ngamandla e-centrifugal futhi ilumunce njalo phakathi nendawo. Indawo yokungena yephampu iseduze nendawo ephakathi ukuze uketshezi olubuya ku-radiator lukwazi ukuxhumana nama-blade ephampu. Ama-blade ephampu athwala uketshezi aye ngaphandle kwephampu, lapho lungena khona enjinini. Uketshezi oluvela kuphampu luqala ukugeleza nge-block yenjini nekhanda, bese lungena ku-radiator, bese ekugcineni lubuyela ephampuni. I-block yesilinda yenjini nekhanda kuneziteshi eziningi ezenziwe ngokukhipha noma ukukhiqizwa kwemishini ukuze kube lula ukugeleza koketshezi.
Uma uketshezi olukulezi zipayipi lugeleza kahle, uketshezi oluthinta ipayipi kuphela oluzopholiswa ngqo. Ukushisa okudluliswa kusuka oketshezini olugeleza ngepayipi kuya epayipini kuncike ekwehlukeni kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kwepayipi noketshezi oluthinta ipayipi. Ngakho-ke, uma uketshezi oluthinta ipayipi lupholiswa ngokushesha, ukushisa okudluliswayo kuzoba kuncane kakhulu. Lonke uketshezi olukupayipini lungasetshenziswa kahle ngokudala ukuxokozela epayipini, ukuxuba lonke uketshezi, nokugcina uketshezi luthinta ipayipi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ukuze kudonswe ukushisa okwengeziwe.
Isibandisi sokudlulisa sifana kakhulu ne-radiator ekwi-radiator, ngaphandle kokuthi uwoyela awushintshisani ukushisa nomzimba womoya, kodwa nge-antifreeze ekwi-radiator. Isembozo sethangi lokucindezela Isembozo sethangi lokucindezela singakhuphula izinga lokubila le-antifreeze ngo-25℃.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-thermostat ukushisa injini ngokushesha nokugcina izinga lokushisa lihlala linjalo. Lokhu kufezwa ngokulungisa inani lamanzi ageleza nge-radiator. Emazingeni okushisa aphansi, indawo yokukhipha i-radiator izovinjwa ngokuphelele, okusho ukuthi yonke into evimbela ukuqandisa izojikeleza ngenjini. Uma izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze selikhuphukele ku-82-91 C, i-thermostat izovulwa, okuzovumela uketshezi ukuthi lugeleze nge-radiator. Lapho izinga lokushisa le-antifreeze lifinyelela ku-93-103℃, isilawuli sokushisa sizohlala sivuliwe.
Ifeni yokupholisa ifana ne-thermostat, ngakho-ke kumele ilungiswe ukuze injini ihlale isezingeni lokushisa elifanayo. Izimoto ezisebenzisa amasondo angaphambili zinabalandeli bakagesi ngoba injini ivame ukufakwa ngokuvundlile, okusho ukuthi umphumela wenjini ubheke ohlangothini lwemoto.
Ifeni ingalungiswa nge-thermostatic switch noma ikhompyutha yenjini. Uma izinga lokushisa likhuphuka ngaphezu kwephuzu elibekiwe, lawa mafeni azovulwa. Uma izinga lokushisa lehla ngaphansi kwenani elibekiwe, lawa mafeni azovulwa. Ifeni yokupholisa Izimoto ezishayela ngemuva ezinezinjini ezinde zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngamafeni okupholisa aqhutshwa yinjini. Lawa mafeni anezimbobo ezigobile ze-thermostatic. I-clutch itholakala maphakathi nefeni, izungezwe umoya ovela ku-radiator. Le clutch ethile egobile ngezinye izikhathi ifana kakhulu ne-coupler egobile yemoto edonsa ngamasondo onke. Uma imoto ishisa kakhulu, vula wonke amafasitela bese usebenzisa i-heater lapho ifeni isebenza ngesivinini esigcwele. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uhlelo lokushisa empeleni luyisistimu yokupholisa yesibili, engabonisa isimo sesistimu yokupholisa eyinhloko emotweni.
Uhlelo lwe-heater Izimbobo ze-heater ezitholakala kudeshibhodi yemoto empeleni ziyi-radiator encane. Ifeni ye-heater ithumela umoya ongenalutho ngezimbobo ze-heater futhi ingene egumbini labagibeli emotweni. Izimbobo ze-heater zifana nezimbobo ezincane ze-radiator. Izimbobo ze-heater zimunca i-thermal antifreeze kusuka ekhanda lesilinda bese ziyibuyisela ephampini ukuze i-heater ikwazi ukusebenza lapho i-thermostat ivuliwe noma ivaliwe.
