Kuyini ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwemoto
Ngokuvamile, imoto inezingxenye ezine: injini, ishasi, umzimba kanye nemishini kagesi.
Injini umsebenzi wayo ukushisa uphethiloli ofakwa kuyo ukuze ikhiqize ugesi. Izimoto eziningi zisebenzisa injini yokushisa yangaphakathi yohlobo lwepulagi, ngokuvamile eyakhiwa umzimba, indlela yokuxhuma induku ye-crank, indlela ye-valve, uhlelo lokuhlinzeka, uhlelo lokupholisa, uhlelo lokugcoba, uhlelo lokuthulisa (injini kaphethiloli), uhlelo lokuqala nezinye izingxenye.
I-chassis, ethola amandla enjini, idala ukunyakaza kwemoto futhi igcine imoto ihamba ngokwendlela yokulawula yomshayeli. I-chassis inezingxenye ezilandelayo: I-Driveline - Ukudluliselwa kwamandla kusuka enjinini kuya kumasondo okushayela.
Uhlelo lokudlulisa luhlanganisa i-clutch, i-transmission, i-transmission shaft, i-drive axle nezinye izingxenye. Uhlelo lokushayela - Ukuhlanganiswa kwezimoto nezingxenye kuxhunywe ku-whole futhi kudlala indima yokusekela imoto yonke ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwemoto.
Uhlelo lokushayela luhlanganisa uhlaka, i-axle engaphambili, indawo yokuhlala ye-axle yokushayela, amasondo (isiteringi nesondo lokushayela), ukumiswa nezinye izingxenye. Uhlelo lokushayela - luqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ingagijima ngendlela ekhethwe umshayeli. Luqukethe igiya lokushayela elinepuleti lokushayela kanye nedivayisi yokudlulisa umshayeli.
Imishini yokubhuleka - inciphisa noma imise imoto futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi imoto ima ngokuthembekile ngemva kokuba umshayeli ehambile endaweni. Imishini yokubhuleka yemoto ngayinye ihlanganisa izinhlelo eziningana zokubhuleka ezizimele, uhlelo ngalunye lokubhuleka lwakhiwe yidivayisi yokuphakelwa kwamandla, idivayisi yokulawula, idivayisi yokudlulisa kanye nebhuleki.
Umzimba wemoto uyindawo yokusebenza yomshayeli, kodwa futhi uyindawo yokulayisha abagibeli nemithwalo. Umzimba kufanele uhlinzeke ngezimo zokusebenza ezilula kumshayeli, futhi uhlinzeke ngendawo ekhululekile nephephile kubagibeli noma uqinisekise ukuthi izimpahla ziphelele.
Imishini kagesi iqukethe iqembu lokuphakelwa kukagesi, uhlelo lokuqala injini kanye nohlelo lokushisa, ukukhanyisa izimoto kanye nedivayisi yesignali, njll. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufakwa imishini eminingi kagesi efana nama-microprocessor, izinhlelo zekhompyutha eziphakathi kanye namadivayisi obuhlakani bokwenziwa ezimotweni zesimanje.
