Isibuko sokubuka ngemuva.
Isibuko esingemuva singenye yezingxenye ezibalulekile zokuphepha zomzimba wemoto, esisetshenziselwa ukubona isimo somgwaqo wangemuva wemoto ngenkathi ibuyela emuva kanye nomshayeli ukubona umzimba wonke wemoto ngenkathi ishayela imoto.
Njengamanje, ifilimu yokubonisa isibuko sezimoto zasekhaya ngokuvamile yenziwe ngesiliva ne-aluminium, kanti enye yayo yenziwe nge-chromium. Emazweni angaphandle, izibuko ze-chrome zithathe indawo yezibuko zesiliva nezibuko ze-aluminium.
Isibuko esivimbela ukukhanya ngokuvamile sifakwa egumbini, elakhiwe yisibuko esikhethekile nama-photodiode amabili kanye nesilawuli se-elekthronikhi, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sithola ukukhanya okuya phambili kanye nesignali yokukhanya kwangemuva ethunyelwa yi-photodiode. Uma ukukhanya kokukhanyisa kukhanya esibukweni sangaphakathi, uma ukukhanya kwangemuva kukhulu kunokukhanya kwangaphambili, isilawuli se-elekthronikhi sizokhipha i-voltage engqimbeni eqhubayo. I-voltage esengqimbeni eqhubayo ishintsha umbala wesendlalelo se-electrochemical sesibuko, lapho i-voltage iphakama, kulapho umbala wesendlalelo se-electrochemical umnyama khona, ngalesi sikhathi noma ngabe ukukhanya okunamandla kuya esibukweni esibuyela emuva, izibuko ezivimbela ukukhanya eziboniswa emehlweni omshayeli zizobonisa ukukhanya okumnyama, hhayi okukhazimulayo.
Ngokuvamile, imoto inezibuko ezintathu ezibukwa ngemuva, futhi umnikazi uyashayela ukuze azibone cishe izikhathi eziyikhulu ngosuku, kodwa kunezinkinga ezithile ezihlobene ezivame ukunganakwa, njengokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani isibuko esibukwa ngemuva ukuze sifinyelele izinga elihle kakhulu, ukuthi ungayisingatha kanjani inkinga yokungaboni kahle kwesibuko esibukwa ngemuva kanye nomthelela wokukhanya kwesibuko esibukwa ngemuva ezimweni ezahlukene zokukhanya. Ngosizo lwesibuko esibukwa ngemuva semoto, umshayeli angandisa insimu yokubona, abone ngokungaqondile ingemuva lemoto, eceleni nangaphansi kwesimo, kungashiwo ukuthi isibuko esibukwa ngemuva semoto sidlala indima ebalulekile kumshayeli, ngakho-ke yini umnikazi okufanele ayinake enkingeni yesibuko esibukwa ngemuva?
(1) Ukulungiswa kwesibuko sangemuva kunemithetho ethile, akukwazi ukwenziwa kuphela ngokuzizwa
Wonke umuntu unomkhuba ohlukile wokushayela, ngokuvamile ngokuzwa ukuthi ulungisa isibuko esingemuva. Eqinisweni, kunemithetho ethile yokulungisa isibuko esingemuva. Izinkinga ezilandelayo kudingeka ziqashelwe ekulungiseni:
① Ukuze ulungise izibuko ezintathu ezingemuva, qala ulungise indawo yokuhlala, bese ulungisa isibuko.
② Esibukweni esingemuva emotweni, izindawo zesobunxele nesokudla zilungiswa ziye onqenqemeni lwesobunxele lwesibuko ezisikwe endlebeni yesokudla yesithombe esibukweni. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ezimweni zokushayela ezijwayelekile, awukwazi ukuzibona usuka esibukweni esingemuva emotweni, futhi izindawo eziphezulu nezingezansi ziwukubeka umkhathi okude phakathi kwesibuko.
Esibukweni sangemuva kwesobunxele, izikhundla eziphezulu nezingezansi ziwukubeka umkhathizwe okude phakathi nendawo, kanti izikhundla zesobunxele nezingakwesokudla zilungiswa ukuze zivumelane nomzimba othatha ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yobubanzi besibuko.
Esibukweni sokubuka ngemuva kwesokudla, ngoba isihlalo somshayeli sisehlangothini lwesobunxele, ukuqonda komshayeli uhlangothi lwesokudla lomzimba akulula kangako, kanye nesidingo sokupaka eceleni komgwaqo ngezinye izikhathi, indawo ephansi yesibuko sokubuka ngemuva kwesokudla inkulu uma ulungisa izikhundla eziphezulu nezingezansi, okubalwa cishe u-2/3 wesibuko. Izikhundla zesobunxele nezingakwesokudla nazo zilungiswa zibe yi-1/4 yendawo yomzimba.
(2) Ububanzi besibuko sangemuva bulinganiselwe, futhi kufanele uqaphele izindawo ezingaboni
Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi ukuze kuqedwe izindawo ezingaboni, izibuko zesobunxele nesokudla kufanele ziphendukelwe ngaphandle noma phansi ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kungabuyisela emuva, ngoba awukwazi ukususa izindawo ezingaboni, futhi kungakwenza uphumule ukubuka kwakho izindawo ezingaboni. Umshayeli ojwayelekile angabona cishe ama-200° ngakwesobunxele nangakwesokudla ngaphambili ngaphandle kokubheka emuva, ngamanye amazwi, kukhona cishe ama-160° angabonakali. Ukuthembela ezibukweni ezintathu ezincane ukuze kumbozwe ama-160° asele "kuyisibuko esiqinile kakhulu". Eqinisweni, izibuko zesobunxele nesokudla kanye nezibuko zengemuva emotweni zinganikeza kuphela ububanzi obubonakalayo obungu-60°, ngakho-ke yini okufanele yenziwe ngama-100° asele? Ama-degree ayi-100 asele yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi indawo engaboni. Yingakho sidinga ukubheka emuva ezindaweni zethu ezingaboni ngenkathi sishayela. Nakuba izimoto eziningi ezintsha zihlonyiswe ngezibuko ezigobile kabili, kodwa lesi isibuko sesobunxele, kwesokudla, i-Engela yombono ukwandisa ezinye, asikwazi ukumboza ngokugcwele zonke izindawo, ngakho indawo engaboni noma ukuqaphela kakhudlwana.
(3) Ukukhanya kwesibuko sangemuva kuhlukile emini nasebusuku, futhi kufanele kulungiswe ngendlela efanele
Bambalwa abantu abanaka ukubonakaliswa kwesibuko sangemuva. Ubukhulu bokubonakaliswa buhlobene nezinto zefilimu ezikhanyayo ebusweni besibuko, futhi lapho ukubonakaliswa kukhulu, kulapho isithombe esiboniswa yisibuko sicaca khona. Ifilimu ekhanyayo yesibuko sangemuva sezimoto ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ezintweni zesiliva neze-aluminium, ukubonakaliswa kwayo okuncane ngokuvamile kungu-80%. Ukubonakaliswa okuphezulu kuzoba nemiphumela emibi kwezinye izikhathi, njengokushayela ebusuku ngaphansi kokukhanya kwezibani zemoto, ukubonakaliswa kwesibuko sangemuva emotweni kuzokwenza umshayeli abe nomuzwa wokungaboni, othinta ukuphepha kokushayela, ngakho-ke isibuko sangemuva emotweni ngokuvamile siyisibuko se-prismatic, yize isibuko siyisicaba, kodwa ukuma kwaso kwesigaba kuyi-prismatic, sisebenzisa ukubonakaliswa kobuso besibuko se-prismatic futhi ukubonakaliswa kwangaphakathi akuzona izici ezifanayo, Akufinyeleli mfuneko yokukhanya. Emini, kusetshenziswa ifilimu ekhanyayo yangaphakathi yesiliva noma i-aluminium enokubonakaliswa okungu-80%, kanti ebusuku, kusetshenziswa ingilazi engaphezulu enokubonakaliswa okungu-4% kuphela. Ngenxa yalokhu, isibuko sangemuva sangaphakathi esisesimweni sasemini kufanele sijikeleziswe kahle ebusuku ukuze sivumelane nezidingo zokushayela.
Abakhiqizi abaningi bezimoto basebenza kanzima esibukweni sokubuka ngemuva kwemoto, umsebenzi wokuncibilikisa isibuko sangemuva kanye nomsebenzi wenkungu, umsebenzi wokuwasha, ubuchwepheshe be-LCD yesibuko sangemuva kanye nobuchwepheshe bekhamera yemoto yomqondo sekuvele, imishini ehlukahlukene ethuthukisiwe yenza imoto ihlakaniphe futhi iphephe kakhudlwana, kodwa emotweni ngayinye yokukhiqiza, isibuko sokubuka emuva kwesobunxele nesokudla esitholakala ohlangothini lomnyango kanye nesibuko sokubuka emuva ngaphakathi kwemoto. Nakuba zibukeka zibuhlungu, yize zandisa ukumelana nokushayela, futhi ngenxa yokuma kwazo ezinhlangothini zangaphandle zomzimba, zivame kakhulu ukulimala kwengozi, kodwa akukho moto entula kuzo. Kuphela ngokusebenzisa ngokugcwele "amehlo" amathathu emotweni lapho ukushayela kungaphephile futhi kuthembeke khona. Ekuthengeni, kumelwe sithenge imikhiqizo yangempela, imikhiqizo ephansi inezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha. Abantu abaningi bakhetha ukuthenga ku-inthanethi, ukuthenga ku-inthanethi, kumele baye kuwebhusayithi evamile ukuze bathenge.
Izinga lokulungisa isibuko sangemuva kwesobunxele nakwesokudla: umkhathi okude utholakala phakathi kwesibuko, kanti umzimba uthatha ingxenye eyodwa kwezine yesibuko. Izinga lokulungisa isibuko sangemuva: Umkhathi okude utholakala phakathi kwesibuko, ungabona indlebe yakho yesokudla. Kunezinothi eziningana: (1) Uma ulungisa isibuko sangemuva, khetha umgwaqo ovundlile. (2) Uma ulungisa isihlalo somshayeli, lungisa isibuko sangemuva. (3) Isibuko sangemuva siyindawo engaboni kahle, ungalandeli isibuko sangemuva esikholelwa ezeni.
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