Indandatho ye-piston.
I-piston ring isetshenziselwa ukufaka i-piston groove ngaphakathi kwendandatho yensimbi, indandatho ye-piston ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: indandatho yokucindezela kanye nendandatho kawoyela. Indandatho yokucindezela ingasetshenziselwa ukuvala igesi yengxube evuthayo ekamelweni elivuthayo; Indandatho kawoyela isetshenziselwa ukukhuhla uwoyela oweqile kusilinda. Indandatho ye-piston iwuhlobo lwendandatho yensimbi enwebekayo ene-deformation enkulu yangaphandle, eqoqwe kuphrofayili kanye nomsele ohambisana nawo we-annular. Izindandatho zepiston eziphindaphindayo nezizungezayo zincike emehlukweni wengcindezi yegesi noma uketshezi ukuze akhe uphawu phakathi kwendilinga yangaphandle yeringi nesilinda nohlangothi olulodwa lweringi kanye negroove yeringi.
Ububanzi besicelo
Amasongo e-piston asetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini ehlukahlukene yamandla, njengezinjini ze-steam, izinjini zikadizili, izinjini zikaphethiloli, ama-compressor, umshini wokunyathelisa we-hydraulic, njll., ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimotweni, ezitimeleni, emikhunjini, ezikebheni nokunye. Ngokuvamile, indandatho ye-piston ifakwa emseleni we-piston, futhi yona kanye ne-piston, i-cylinder liner, ikhanda le-cylinder nezinye izingxenye zekamelo ukwenza umsebenzi.
I-piston ring iyingxenye eyinhloko ngaphakathi kwenjini kaphethiloli, yona nesilinda, i-piston, i-cylinder wall ndawonye ukuze kuqedelwe uphawu lwegesi yamafutha. Izinjini zezimoto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zinezinhlobo ezimbili zezinjini zikadizili nekaphethiloli, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhlukile kukaphethiloli, ukusetshenziswa kwezindandatho zepiston akufani, izindandatho zakuqala zepiston zakhiwa ngokuphonswa, kodwa ngokuqhubeka kobuchwepheshe, insimbi enamandla amakhulu. Amasongo e-piston azalwa, futhi ngomsebenzi wenjini, izidingo zemvelo ziyaqhubeka nokuba ngcono, izinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe ezisezingeni eliphezulu, njengokufafaza okushisayo, i-electroplating, i-chrome plating, njll. ukwelashwa kwe-phosphating, njll, kuthuthukisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-piston ring.
Umsebenzi wendandatho ye-piston uhlanganisa ukubekwa uphawu, uwoyela olawulayo (ukulawula uwoyela), ukuqhutshwa kokushisa (ukudlulisa ukushisa), isiqondiso (ukusekelwa) izindima ezine. Ukubeka uphawu: kubhekiselwa kwigesi yokuvala, ungavumeli ukuvuza kwegesi yegumbi elivuthayo ku-crankcase, ukuvuza kwegesi kulawulwa okungenani, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okushisayo. Ukuvuza komoya ngeke kunciphise amandla enjini kuphela, kodwa futhi kwenza ukuwohloka kwamafutha, okuwumsebenzi oyinhloko wendandatho yegesi; Lungisa uwoyela (ukulawula uwoyela) : uwoyela wokugcoba owedlulele odongeni lwesilinda uyakhishwa, futhi udonga lwesilinda lumbozwe ifilimu yamafutha amancane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugcotshwa okujwayelekile kwesilinda nepiston nendandatho, okuwumsebenzi oyinhloko indandatho yamafutha. Ezinjini zanamuhla ezinesivinini esikhulu, ukunakwa okukhethekile kunikezwa indima yefilimu yokulawula indandatho ye-piston; Ukushisa kokushisa: ukushisa kwepiston kudluliselwa ku-cylinder liner ngokusebenzisa indandatho ye-piston, okungukuthi, umphumela wokupholisa. Ngokusho kwedatha ethembekile, u-70 ~ 80% wokushisa otholwe ngenhla yepiston yepiston engapholisiwe uhlakazwa ngeringi ye-piston odongeni lwesilinda, futhi u-30 ~ 40% wepiston yokupholisa uhlakazwa ngeringi yepiston kuya kusilinda. udonga; Ukusekela: I-piston ring igcina i-piston kusilinda, ivimbela ukuthintana okuqondile phakathi kwepiston nodonga lwesilinda, iqinisekisa ukunyakaza okushelelayo kwepiston, inciphisa ukumelana nokungqubuzana, futhi ivimbela i-piston ekushayeni isilinda. Ngokuvamile, ipiston yenjini kaphethiloli isebenzisa izindandatho ezimbili zegesi nendandatho kawoyela eyodwa, kuyilapho injini kadizili ivamise ukusebenzisa izindandatho zikawoyela ezimbili nendandatho eyodwa yegesi.
Ukuhlonza okuhle nokubi
Indawo yokusebenza yendandatho ye-piston ngeke ibe nama-nick, imihuzuko, ukuxebuka, isilinda sangaphandle kanye nezindawo ezingaphezulu neziphansi zokugcina kufanele zibe nesiphetho esinqunyiwe, ukuchezuka kwe-curvature akufanele kube kukhulu kuno-0.02-0.04 mm, ukugoqa okujwayelekile indandatho ku-groove akufanele idlule u-0.15-0.25 mm, futhi ukunwebeka nokucaciswa kwendandatho ye-piston kuhlangabezana nezidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi sihlole ukuvuza kokukhanya kweringi ye-piston, okungukuthi, indandatho yepiston iphansi kusilinda, sibeke isibani esincane ngaphansi kwendandatho ye-piston, sibeke isikrini esikhanyayo ngenhla, bese sibona igebe lokuvuza phakathi. indandatho yepiston nodonga lwesilinda, okubonisa ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kweringi yepiston nodonga lwesilinda kuhle. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umthungo ovuzayo okhanyayo weringi yepiston ukalwe ngegeji yogqinsi akufanele udlule u-0.03 mm. Ubude bomthungo oqhubekayo wokuvuza kokukhanya akumele bube bukhulu kuno-1/3 wobubanzi besilinda, ubude benani lezikhala zokuvuza kokukhanya akumele bube bukhulu kuno-1/3 wobubanzi besilinda, kanye nobude obuphelele benombolo ukuvuza okukhanyayo akufanele kudlule i-1/2 yobubanzi besilinda, ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kushintshwe. Indandatho ye-Piston yokumaka i-GB/T 1149.1-94 icacisa ukuthi zonke izindandatho zepiston ezidingekayo ukuze zibe nesikhombisi-ndlela sokukhweza zizomakwa ohlangothini olungaphezulu, okungukuthi, uhlangothi oluseduze negumbi lomlilo. Amasongo amakwe ohlangothini olungenhla ahlanganisa: indandatho yekhoni, i-chamfer yangaphakathi, indandatho yetafula lokusika yangaphandle, iringi yekhala, indandatho ye-wedge nendandatho yamafutha edinga ukuqondiswa kokufakwa, futhi uhlangothi olungaphezulu lwendandatho luphawuliwe.
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