Indandatho yepiston.
Indandatho yepiston isetshenziselwa ukufaka umsele wepiston ngaphakathi kwendandatho yensimbi, indandatho yepiston ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: indandatho yokucindezela kanye nendandatho kawoyela. Indandatho yokucindezela ingasetshenziswa ukuvala igesi exubile evuthayo ekamelweni lokushisa; Indandatho kawoyela isetshenziselwa ukuklwebha uwoyela owengeziwe kusilinda. Indandatho yepiston uhlobo lwendandatho yensimbi enwebekayo enokuguquguquka okukhulu kokukhula kwangaphandle, ehlanganiswe kuphrofayili kanye nomsele wayo ohambisanayo. Amasongo episton aphindaphindayo najikelezayo ancike ekwehlukeni kokucindezela kwegesi noma uketshezi ukuze akhe uphawu phakathi kwendilinga yangaphandle yendandatho kanye nesilinda kanye nohlangothi olulodwa lwendandatho kanye nomsele wendandatho.
Ububanzi besicelo
Amasongo e-piston asetshenziswa kabanzi emishinini ehlukahlukene yamandla, njengezinjini zomusi, izinjini zedizili, izinjini zikaphethiloli, ama-compressor, imishini yokucindezela i-hydraulic, njll., asetshenziswa kabanzi ezimotweni, ezitimeleni, emikhunjini, ezikebheni njalonjalo. Ngokuvamile, indandatho ye-piston ifakwa emseleni wendandatho we-piston, futhi yona kanye ne-piston, i-liner yesilinda, ikhanda lesilinda nezinye izingxenye zegumbi ukuze zenze umsebenzi.
Indandatho yepiston iyisici esiyinhloko ngaphakathi kwenjini kaphethiloli, yona kanye nesilinda, i-piston, nodonga lwesilinda ndawonye ukuze kuqedwe uphawu lwegesi kaphethiloli. Izinjini zezimoto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zinezinhlobo ezimbili zezinjini zedizili nephethiloli, ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuhlukile kukaphethiloli, ukusetshenziswa kwezindandatho zepiston akufani, izindandatho zepiston zokuqala zakhiwa ngokukhipha, kodwa ngentuthuko yobuchwepheshe, izindandatho zepiston ezinamandla aphezulu zazalwa, futhi ngomsebenzi wenjini, izidingo zemvelo ziyaqhubeka nokuthuthuka, izinhlelo ezahlukene zokwelapha ubuso obuphambili, njengokufutha ngokushisa, ukufakelwa kwe-electroplating, ukufakwa kwe-chrome, njll. I-gas nitriding, ukufakwa ngokomzimba, ukumbozwa kobuso, ukwelashwa kwe-zinc manganese phosphating, njll., kuthuthukisa kakhulu umsebenzi wendandatho yepiston.
Umsebenzi wendandatho yepiston uhlanganisa ukuvala, ukulawula uwoyela (ukulawula uwoyela), ukuqhuba ukushisa (ukudlulisa ukushisa), isiqondiso (ukusekela) izindima ezine. Ukuvala: kubhekisela ekuvaleni igesi, ungavumeli igesi yegumbi lokusha ivuza iye ku-crankcase, ukuvuza kwegesi kulawulwa okungenani, kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokushisa. Ukuvuza komoya ngeke kunciphise amandla enjini kuphela, kodwa futhi kuzobangela ukuwohloka kwamafutha, okuwumsebenzi oyinhloko wendandatho yegesi; Lungisa uwoyela (ukulawula uwoyela): uwoyela wokugcoba owengeziwe odongeni lwesilinda uyakhuhla, futhi udonga lwesilinda lumbozwe ngefilimu encane kawoyela ukuqinisekisa ukugcotshwa okuvamile kwesilinda nepiston nendandatho, okuwumsebenzi oyinhloko wendandatho kawoyela. Ezinjinini zesimanje ezinesivinini esikhulu, kugxilwa kakhulu endimeni yefilimu kawoyela yokulawula indandatho yepiston; Ukuqhuba ukushisa: ukushisa kwepiston kudluliselwa ku-liner yesilinda ngendandatho yepiston, okungukuthi, umphumela wokupholisa. Ngokusho kwedatha ethembekile, u-70 ~ 80% wokushisa okutholwa ngenhla kwepiston yepiston engapholi uhlakazwa ngendandatho yepiston uye odongeni lwesilinda, kanti u-30 ~ 40% wepiston yokupholisa uhlakazwa ngendandatho yepiston uye odongeni lwesilinda; Ukusekela: Indandatho yepiston igcina ipiston isilinda, ivimbela ukuxhumana okuqondile phakathi kwepiston nodonga lwesilinda, iqinisekisa ukunyakaza okubushelelezi kwepiston, inciphisa ukumelana nokungqubuzana, futhi ivimbela ipiston ekushayeni isilinda. Ngokuvamile, ipiston yenjini kaphethiloli isebenzisa amasongo amabili egesi kanye nendandatho eyodwa kawoyela, kuyilapho injini yedizili ivame ukusebenzisa amasongo amabili kawoyela kanye nendandatho eyodwa kaphethiloli.
Ukuhlonza okuhle nokubi
Ubuso obusebenzayo bendandatho yepiston akumele bube namaqhubu, imihuzuko, ukuxebuka, isilinda sangaphandle kanye nezindawo ezingenhla nezingezansi kufanele zibe nokuphela okuhleliwe, ukuphambuka kokugoba akumele kube ngaphezu kuka-0.02-0.04 mm, ukwehla okujwayelekile kwendandatho emseleni akumele kudlule u-0.15-0.25 mm, kanye nokuqina kanye nokuvuleka kwendandatho yepiston kuhlangabezana nezidingo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi sihlole ukuvuza kokukhanya kwendandatho yepiston, okungukuthi, indandatho yepiston iyisicaba kusilinda, sifake isibani esincane ngaphansi kwendandatho yepiston, sifake isikrini sokukhanya ngaphezulu, bese sibheka igebe lokuvuza kokukhanya phakathi kwendandatho yepiston nodonga lwesilinda, okubonisa ukuthi ukuxhumana phakathi kwendandatho yepiston nodonga lwesilinda kuhle yini. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, umthungo wokuvuza kokukhanya kwendandatho yepiston olinganiswe ngesilinganiso sobukhulu akumele kudlule u-0.03 mm. Ubude bomthungo wokuvuza okukhanya okuqhubekayo akufanele bube ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yobubanzi besilinda, ubude bezikhala eziningi zokuvuza kokukhanya akufanele bube ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yobubanzi besilinda, futhi ubude obuphelele benani lokuvuza kokukhanya akufanele bube ngaphezu kwe-1/2 yobubanzi besilinda, ngaphandle kwalokho, kufanele kushintshwe. Indandatho yepiston ephawula i-GB/T 1149.1-94 icacisa ukuthi wonke amasongo episton adingekayo ukuze abe nesiqondiso sokufaka kufanele amakwe ohlangothini olungaphezulu, okungukuthi, ohlangothini oluseduze negumbi lokushisa. Amasongo amakwe ohlangothini olungaphezulu afaka: indandatho yekhoni, i-chamfer yangaphakathi, indandatho yetafula lokusika yangaphandle, indandatho yekhala, indandatho ye-wedge kanye nendandatho kawoyela edinga isiqondiso sokufaka, kanti uhlangothi olungaphezulu lwendandatho luphawulwe.
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