I-catalysis enezindlela ezintathu.
I-catalsis yendlela emithathu isho ukuguqulwa kwamagesi ayingozi njenge-CO, HC kanye ne-Nox kusuka ekuqedeni kwezimoto ku-carbon dioxide engenangozi, amanzi kanye ne-nitrogen nge-oxidation kanye nokuncishiswa. Ingxenye ye-Carriers ye-Catalyst enezindlela ezintathu iyisiqephu se-porous ceramic impahla, efakwe ngepayipi elikhethekile elikhethekile. Ibizwa ngokuthi yi-Carrier ngoba ayihlanganyeli ekuphenduleni kwe-catalytic uqobo, kepha imbozwe ngokuhlanganiswa kwezinsimbi eziyigugu njengePlatinamu, i-Rhodium, iPalladium nomhlaba ongavamile. Yithuluzi elibaluleke kakhulu lokuhlanza langaphandle elifakwe ohlelweni oluphethwe yimoto.
Umgomo osebenzayo we-CASTALYTIC Converter kathathu yilena: Lapho i-high-izinga lokushisa lemoto lidlula kudivayisi yokuhlanza, isiguquli se-catalytic esinezindlela ezintathu sizothuthukisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ama-oxidation, futhi akhuthaze i-carbon dioxide great at high lokushisa; Ama-hydrocarbons afakwa oxidiwated ukuze akhweshe amanzi (H2O) kanye nekhabhoni dioxide emazingeni okushisa aphezulu; I-NOX incishiswe ku-nitrogen nomoya-mpilo. Amagesi amathathu alimazayo abe amagesi angenabungozi, ukuze ukuqedwa kwezimoto kungahlanzwa. Ukucabanga ukuthi kusekhona umoya-mpilo otholakala, isilinganiso samafutha e-air-fuel sinengqondo.
Ngoba uphethiloli uqukethe isibabule, phosphorus kanye ne-antiknock agent mmt, lezi zinto zamakhemikhali zizokwakha izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ebusweni bezinzwa ze-oxygen futhi ngaphakathi kwe-catalytic yezindlela ezintathu ngegesi ephelelwe yi-catalytic ekhishwe ngemuva kokuhlangana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yemikhuba emibi yokushayela emibi yokushayela, noma ukushayela isikhathi eside emigwaqweni ehlanganisiwe, injini ivame ukuba sesimweni sokuhlanza esingaphelele, esizokwakha ukunqwabelana kwe-carbon in sensor ye-oxygen kanye ne-converter enezindlela ezintathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo eziningi zezwe zisebenzisa uphethiloli we-ethanol, onomthelela oqinile wokuhlanza, azohlanza ukungcola egumbini lokuhlangana kodwa angakwazi ukubola futhi akhishwe ngaphansi kwegesi ye-oxygen kanye ne-converter enezindlela ezintathu. Kungenxa yezinto eziningi ukuthi ngemuva kokuthi imoto iqhutshwe isikhathi esithile, ngaphezu kokuqongelelwa kwe-carbon ku-valve valve negumbi lokuvutha, lizokwehluleka ukwenza umsebenzi we-caltigen, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwenjini engajwayelekile, okuholela ekunciphiseni ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha, ukwehla kwamandla nokuphelelwa amandla kudlula izinga.
Ukulungiswa kwenjini ejwayelekile kwendabuko kukhawulelwe ekunakekelweni okuyisisekelo kohlelo lokuthambisa, uhlelo lokudla kanye nohlelo lokuhlinzekelwa kwamafutha, kepha alukwazi ukufeza izidingo eziphelele zokulungiswa kohlelo lokuthambisa kwezinjini zesimanje, uhlelo lokuthambisa, ikakhulukazi uhlelo lokuphelelwa amandla, ikakhulukazi izidingo zokulungiswa kohlelo lokulawula ukuphuma kohlelo lokulawula ukuphuma. Ngakho-ke, noma imoto igcinwa ngokujwayelekile isikhathi eside, kunzima ukugwema izinkinga ezingenhla.
Ephendula ukwehluleka okunjalo, izinyathelo ezithathwe ngamabhizinisi wesondlo ngokuvamile zizothatha izinzwa ze-oksijini kanye nezindlela ezintathu ze-catalytic, kepha ngenxa yenkinga yezindleko zokubuyiselwa kwezindleko, izingxabano phakathi kwamabhizinisi wesondlo namakhasimende aqhubeka. Ikakhulu, lezo zinzwa ze-oksijini kanye nezindlela ezintathu ze-catalysts ezingafakwanga indawo yazo ewusizo imvamisa zigxile ezingxabanweni zezingxabano, futhi amakhasimende amaningi athi inkinga kwikhwalithi yemoto.
Ukuze uxazulule lekhanda futhi kunzima ukuxazulula inkinga yamabhizinisi okukhiqiza izimoto, iminyango yesondlo, iminyango yokuphepha kwezemvelo, izikhungo ezifanele zesayensi eziqeqeshiwe, zenzelwe iqoqo elisha lezindlela zokulungisa izinjini zendabuko.
Okuqukethwe lobu buchwepheshe obusha ukuthi: Lapho ulungiselela ukulungiswa okujwayelekile kumakhasimende, ngaphezu kokubuyisela uwoyela kanye nokugcinwa kwezihlungi ezintathu, ukuhlanza kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-catalytic enezindlela ezintathu. Izici zalo zobuchwepheshe yilezi: Inhlanganisela ye-organic yohlelo lokulawula igesi yokulawula igesi kanye nezindlela zendabuko izindlela zokulungiswa kwezidingo zokulungisa izidingo zokulungisa izidingo zokulungiswa kwendalo yemvelo ngeke ziguqulwe ekuvinjelweni okusebenzayo kohlelo lokulawulwa kwezemvelo lwenjini yokulawula imvelo.
1, uma kunomonakalo owenziwe ngemishini, i-Hot Detering, mileage yamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-200,000, ubuthi bokuhola, umphumela wokuhlanza awekho mkhulu.
2, njengenjini maphakathi nokuhlanzwa, nqamula ngokushesha injini kanye ne-hose yokuxhuma kwe-spleiple, bese uvala i-flow valve. Qala kabusha injini, engenzi i-steady, ingaxhunyaniswa futhi ilungiswe.
3, hlola ukuthi i-inhlanganisela yokuhlushwa ilungile yini ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi lungafakwa ngaphakathi kwe-inlet yenkungu.
I-4, ukuhlanza izingxenye ezintathu kufanele kuhlanzwe ngemuva kwe-throttle, i-fuel nozzle negumbi lokuhlanza.
I-5, ngesikhathi sokuhlanza, ijubane elingenzi lutho akufanele libe phezulu kakhulu ukugwema ngokweqile i-converter yendlela emithathu ye-catalytic.
6, ungalahli uketshezi lokuhlanza opendweni wemoto.
7, indawo yokusebenza kude nomthombo womlilo, yenza umsebenzi omuhle wezinyathelo zomlilo.
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