Umsebe we-fender.
Ugongolo olulwa nokushayisana luyithuluzi elisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukumuncwa kwamandla okushayisana lapho imoto ithintwa ukushayisana, okwakhiwa ugongolo oluyinhloko, ibhokisi lokumuncwa kwamandla, kanye nepuleti lokufaka elixhunywe emotweni. Ugongolo oluyinhloko kanye nebhokisi lokumuncwa kwamandla kungamunca ngempumelelo amandla okushayisana lapho imoto ihlangana nokushayisana kwesivinini esiphansi, futhi kunciphise umonakalo wamandla okushaya emsebeni womzimba omde ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kudlale indima yalo yokuvikela emotweni.
Izinhlangothi ezimbili zomshayo wokulwa nokushayisana zixhunywe ebhokisini lokumunca amandla elisheshayo elinamandla aphansi kakhulu, bese zixhunywe emshayo wesikhathi eside womzimba wemoto ngesimo samabholidi. Ibhokisi lokumunca amandla elisheshayo lingakwazi ukumunca amandla okushayisana ngempumelelo lapho imoto ishayisana ngesivinini esiphansi, futhi linciphise umonakalo wamandla okushayisana emshayo wesikhathi eside womzimba ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze lidlale indima yalo yokuvikela emotweni.
Isakhiwo somshayo wokulwa nokushayisana kufanele sikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhokisi lokumunca amandla elisheshayo limunca kahle amandla ngesikhathi sokushaya kwesivinini esiphansi ngokubhidlika, futhi umshayo wokulwa nokushayisana uxhunywe emzimbeni ngamabhawodi, okulula ukuwahlukanisa nokufaka esikhundleni. Manje amamodeli amaningi afakwe ungqimba lwe-foam buffer emshayo wokulwa nokushayisana, indima yawo eyinhloko iwukushayisana okungaphansi kwama-4km/h, i-plastic bumper yangaphandle idlala ukusekela, inciphise umthelela wamandla okushayisana, inciphise umthelela womonakalo ku-plastic bumper, inciphise izindleko zokulungisa.
Ugongolo lwangaphambili nolwangemuva oluvimbela ukushayisana luyithuluzi imoto ekwazi ukumelana namandla okushayisana okokuqala, futhi umqondo obalulekile ekuphepheni komzimba okungenamsebenzi ukuthi wonke umzimba ucindezelekile ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukubeka ngokusobala, isikhundla esithile somzimba wemoto sithintekile, futhi uma kuphela le ngxenye ivunyelwe ukuthwala amandla, umphumela wokuvikela uzoba mubi kakhulu. Uma isakhiwo sonke samathambo sicindezelwa endaweni ethile, amandla amandla atholwe yiphuzu angancishiswa, ikakhulukazi imishayo yensimbi yokulwa nokushayisana yangaphambili neyangemuva idlala indima esobala kakhulu lapha.
Imishayo yomnyango Lezi zingxenye zensimbi noma ze-aluminium zifakwe ngaphakathi komnyango futhi azibonakali ngaphandle. Ezinye ziqondile, kanti ezinye ziqondile, zisuka ohlakeni lomnyango olungezansi ziye emaphethelweni angaphansi kwefasitela. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi indawo yayo ethile ikuphi, umshayo womnyango wenzelwe ungqimba olwengeziwe lokuvikela oludonsa amandla olunciphisa amandla angaphandle abagibeli abangase bawabone. Njengoba kuvela, umshayo womnyango wokulwa nokushayisana uphumelela kakhulu ekuvikeleni imoto entweni eqondile (njengesihlahla).
Indima yomsebe wokulwa nokushayisana kwezimoto
Umsebenzi oyinhloko womsebe wokulwa nokushayisana kwemoto ukumunca nokunciphisa amandla okushayisana angaphandle lapho imoto ishayisa, ukuvikela ingaphambili nangemuva komzimba, nokuvimbela amandla okushayisana ukuthi asebenze ngqo ekhabini elihlala kulo, ngaleyo ndlela kuvikelwe ukuphepha kwabagibeli emotweni. Nansi imininingwane:
Ukumuncwa kwamandla okungqubuzana. Ugongolo olulwa nokungqubuzana lwakhiwe ugongolo oluyinhloko, ibhokisi lokumuncwa kwamandla kanye nepuleti lokufaka elixhunywe emotweni, elingamuncwa ngempumelelo amandla okungqubuzana lapho imoto ingqubuzana ngesivinini esiphansi, futhi linciphise umonakalo wamandla okungqubuzana emgongolweni we-longitudinal womzimba.
Ukuqhuba amandla okushaya. Ugongolo lwensimbi olulwa nokushayisana lungadlulisela amandla okushaya ezingxenyeni zokuxhuma zangemuva, njengogongolo olude kanye nebhokisi lokumunca amandla, ukuze bakwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu, uma igumbi labagibeli lingaguquguquki, umnyango ungavulwa ngokujwayelekile, umshayeli angabaleka, ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwemoto.
Vikela isakhiwo somzimba. Ekushayisaneni ngesivinini esiphansi, umshayo wensimbi omelene nokushayisana ngokwawo uthwala amandla okushaya, bese uhambisa la mandla ebhokisini lokumunca amandla, ukuze ibhokisi lokumunca amandla lonakale kuqala. Uma umthamo wokushaya ungadluli inani elithile lomklamo, umphumela ungalimaza ibhokisi lokumunca amandla kuphela, umshayo wensimbi uqobo kanye nesakhiwo somzimba oyinhloko ngeke sonakale, ukuze ukugcinwa kwebhokisi lokumunca amandla emgqeni, izindleko zokulungisa ziphansi.
Indima esekelayo ekushayisaneni ngesivinini esikhulu. Ekushayisaneni kwangaphambili ngesivinini esikhulu, umshayo wensimbi omelene nokushayisana usiza ukuthuthukisa ukuvikelwa, ikakhulukazi ekushayisaneni kwendawo yangempela okuyinkimbinkimbi; Kodwa-ke, esimweni sokushayisana ngemuva ngesivinini esikhulu, umshayo omelene nokushayisana uyinto eqinile phakathi kwe-impactor nomzimba ekushayisaneni, okungenawo umthelela omkhulu emiphumeleni yokushayisana.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umshayo wensimbi ovimbela ukushayisana uwumsele omise okwe-U owenziwe ngepuleti lensimbi eligoqiwe elibandayo, elixhunywe nomshayo omude wohlaka, njengesivikelo sokuqala sokuphepha kwemoto, futhi uyithuluzi lokuphepha elibalulekile lokumunca nokunciphisa amandla okushayisana kwangaphandle nokuvikela ingaphambili nangemuva komzimba. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zemishayo yensimbi evimbela ukushayisana zihlukile ngezinto zokwakha kanye nesakhiwo, isibonelo, umshayo wensimbi ovimbela ukushayisana wangaphambili uxhunywe kumshayo omude womzimba wemoto, uvikela izingxenye zangemuva njengethangi lamanzi, futhi unciphisa ukulahlekelwa ezingozini ezincane; Umshayo ovimbela ukushayisana wangemuva ngokuvamile ukhuluphele kunomshayo wangaphambili, unciphisa ukushayisana okuncane kwangemuva, uvikela uhlaka lwethayi elincane elisele kanye nepuleti le-fender langemuva.
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