I-Automobile air conditioning compressor.
I-Automobile air conditioning compressor iyinhliziyo yohlelo lwesiqandisi se-automobile air conditioning, edlala indima yokucindezelwa nokuthuthwa kwesitimu esiqandisi.
Ama-compressor ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ukufuduka okungaguquki kanye nokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo.
Ama-compressor we-air conditioning ngokuya ngemodi yokusebenza yangaphakathi ehlukene, ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa abe okuphindaphindayo nokujikelezayo.
Ngokwemigomo yokusebenza ehlukene, ama-compressor we-air conditioning angahlukaniswa abe ama-compressor ahambayo angashintshi kanye nama-compressor aguquguqukayo okuthutha.
I-compressor ye-displacement eqhubekayo
Ukugudluzwa kwe-compressor ehlala njalo ilingana nokukhuphuka kwejubane lenjini, ayikwazi ukushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla ngokwezidingo zesiqandisi, futhi umthelela ekusetshenzisweni kukaphethiloli wenjini mkhulu kakhulu. Ukulawula kwayo ngokuvamile ngokuqoqa isignali yezinga lokushisa le-evaporator outlet, lapho izinga lokushisa lifinyelela izinga lokushisa elimisiwe, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor iyakhululwa, futhi i-compressor iyeka ukusebenza. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-clutch kagesi iyahlanganiswa futhi i-compressor iqala ukusebenza. I-compressor eguquguqukayo engashintshi nayo ilawulwa ukucindezela kwesistimu ye-air conditioning. Lapho ingcindezi epayipini iphezulu kakhulu, i-compressor iyayeka ukusebenza.
I-compressor ye-air conditioning eguquguqukayo
Ama-compressor aguquguqukayo angakwazi ukulungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuphuma kwamandla kuye ngokwezinga lokushisa elibekiwe. Isistimu yokulawula isimo somoya ayiqoqi isignali yokushisa ye-evaporator ephumayo, kodwa ilungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga lokushisa le-outlet ngokulawula isilinganiso sokucindezela se-compressor ngokusho kwesignali yokushintsha kwengcindezi epayipini le-air conditioning. Kuyo yonke inqubo yesiqandisi, i-compressor ihlala isebenza, futhi ukulungiswa kokuqina kwesiqandisi kuncike ngokuphelele kumlawuli wokucindezela ofakwe ngaphakathi kwe-compressor ukulawula. Uma ingcindezi ekugcineni yomfutho ophezulu wepayipi le-air conditioning iphezulu kakhulu, i-valve elawula ingcindezi igudla i-piston stroke ye-compressor ukunciphisa isilinganiso sokuminyanisa, okuzonciphisa amandla esiqandisi. Lapho ukucindezela ekugcineni komfutho ophakeme kwehla ngezinga elithile futhi ingcindezi ekugcineni komfutho ophansi ikhuphuka ngokwezinga elithile, i-valve elawula ukucindezela inyusa ukushaywa kwepiston ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okupholisa.
Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokusebenza, ama-compressor ngokuvamile angahlukaniswa abe aphindaphindayo futhi ajikelezayo, ama-compressor ajwayelekile aphindaphindayo anohlobo lwenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft kanye nohlobo lwe-axial piston, ama-rotary compressor avamile anohlobo lwe-rotary vane nohlobo lokuskrola.
I-Crankshaft kanye ne-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma
Inqubo yokusebenza yale compressor ingahlukaniswa zibe ezine, okungukuthi ukucindezela, ukukhipha, ukunwetshwa, ukumunca. Lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, i-piston iqhutshwa yinduku yokuxhuma ukuze ibuyele, futhi ivolumu yokusebenza eyakhiwe ngodonga lwangaphakathi lwesilinda, ikhanda le-cylinder kanye nendawo ephezulu ye-piston izoshintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela idlale indima yokucindezela futhi ukuthuthwa kwesiqandisi ohlelweni lwesiqandisi. I-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft iyi-compressor yesizukulwane sokuqala, esetshenziswa kabanzi, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvuthiwe, isakhiwo esilula, nezidingo eziphansi zokucubungula izinto kanye nobuchwepheshe bokucubungula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinile, kungazivumelanisa nenani elibanzi lokucindezela kanye nezidingo zamandla okupholisa, ukugcinwa okuhle.
Kodwa-ke, i-compressor yenduku yokuxhuma i-crankshaft nayo inobubi obuthile obusobala, njengokungakwazi ukufeza isivinini esiphezulu, umshini mkhulu futhi uyasinda, futhi akulula ukufeza isisindo esincane. I-exhaust ayiqhubeki, ukugeleza komoya kujwayele ukushintshashintsha, futhi kuba nokudlidliza okukhulu lapho kusebenza.
Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla ze-compressor yesixhumanisi se-crankshaft, kukhona ama-compressor amancane amancane okuthutha asebenzisa lesi sakhiwo, futhi i-compressor yesixhumanisi se-crankshaft isetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni olukhulu lwe-air conditioning lwamabhasi namaloli.
I-Axial piston compressor
Ama-compressor e-axial piston angabizwa ngokuthi isizukulwane sesibili sama-compressor, ipuleti elivamile lokujikijela noma ama-compressor wepuleti ethambekele, okuwumkhiqizo ojwayelekile kuma-compressor air conditioning ezimoto. Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-compressor yepuleti ethambekele yi-shaft eyinhloko kanye ne-inclined plate. I-cylinder ngayinye ihlelwe kumbuthano ophakathi we-compressor spindle, futhi isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwe-piston sihambisana ne-compressor spindle. Ama-compressor amaningi amapuleti athambekele enziwe ngamapiston anamakhanda amabili, njenge-axial 6-cylinder compressor, bese kuba amasilinda ama-3 ngaphambi kwe-compressor, amanye amasilinda ama-3 ngemuva kwe-compressor. Ama-piston anamakhanda amabili ashelela kumasilinda abhekene, iphiston elilodwa licindezela umhwamuko oyisiqandisi kusilinda esingaphambili, kanti elinye lidonsa umhwamuko oyisiqandisi kusilinda sangemuva. I-cylinder ngayinye ifakwe i-valve ephezulu nephansi yokucindezela, futhi ishubhu yokucindezela okuphezulu isetshenziselwa ukuxhuma ikamelo elingaphambili nangemuva lokucindezela okuphezulu. Ipuleti elithambekile lihlanganiswe kanye ne-compressor spindle, futhi unqenqema lwepuleti ethambekele lifakwe emseleni ophakathi kwepiston, futhi i-piston groove kanye nomkhawulo wepuleti ethambekele kusekelwa amabhola ensimbi. Lapho i-spindle iphenduka, ipuleti ethambekele nayo iyazungeza, futhi unqenqema lwepuleti ethambekele liphusha i-piston ukuze ibuyele nge-axially. Uma ipuleti ethambekele lizungeza kanye, ama-piston amabili ngaphambi nangemva kwawo aqedela umjikelezo wokucindezelwa, ukukhipha, ukunwetshwa nokumunca, okulingana namasilinda amabili. Uma kuyi-axial 6-cylinder compressor, amasilinda angu-3 kanye namapiston angama-double-head angu-3 asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo engxenyeni yesilinda, futhi lapho i-spindle ijikeleziswa kanye, ilingana nendima yamasilinda angu-6.
Ama-compressor amapuleti athathiwe kulula ukufeza i-miniaturization ne-lightweight, futhi angafinyelela ukusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu. Ukwakheka kwayo okuhlangene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokusebenza okuthembekile kuyenza isetshenziswe kabanzi ku-air conditioning yezimoto ngemuva kokubona ukulawulwa kokuguquguquka kokushintshashintsha.
I-Rotary vane compressor
Umumo wesilinda we-rotary vane compressor uyindilinga futhi uyi-oval. Ku-cylinder eyindilinga, i-shaft eyinhloko ye-rotor ine-eccentricity nesikhungo se-cylinder, ukuze i-rotor isondelene nezimbobo zokudonsa nokukhipha endaweni yangaphakathi yesilinda. Ku-cylinder oval, i-axis eyinhloko ye-rotor iqondana nendawo ephakathi kwe-ellipse. Ama-blade ku-rotor ahlukanisa isilinda sibe Izikhala eziningana, futhi lapho isipindle sishayela i-rotor ukuthi ijikeleze isonto elilodwa, ivolumu yalezi Zikhala ishintsha njalo, futhi umhwamuko wesiqandisi nawo ushintsha umthamo kanye nezinga lokushisa kulezi Zikhala. Ama-Rotary vane compressors awanawo ama-valve okumunca, ngoba ama-blades angaqedela umsebenzi wokumunca nokucindezelwa kwesiqandisi. Uma kukhona ama-blade ama-2, kunezinqubo ezi-2 zokuqeda ukujikeleza ngakunye kwe-spindle. Uma ama-blade engeziwe, i-compressor ikhipha ukushintshashintsha kokukhipha umoya omncane.
Njengecompressor yesizukulwane sesithathu, ngenxa yokuthi ivolumu nesisindo se-rotary vane compressor ingaba kuncane, kulula ukuhleleka ekhabetheni lenjini elincane, elihambisana nomsindo omncane nokudlidliza kanye nezinzuzo eziphezulu zokusebenza kahle, ibuye yasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokupholisa umoya ezimotweni. . Kodwa-ke, i-rotary vane compressor idinga ukunemba okuphezulu kokucubungula kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
Skrola i-compressor
Le compressor ingabizwa ngokuthi i-4th generation compressor. Isakhiwo se-compressor sokuskrola sihlukaniswe kakhulu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: uhlobo oluguquguqukayo noluguquguqukayo kanye nohlobo lwenguquko ephindwe kabili. I-Dynamic turbine isetshenziswa kakhulu kunazo zonke, futhi izingxenye zayo zokusebenza zakhiwe ikakhulukazi i-dynamic turbine ne-static turbine. Isakhiwo se-dynamic turbine kanye ne-static turbine ifana kakhulu, zombili ezakhiwe ngamapuleti okuphela kanye namazinyo angenayo i-vortex aphuma kumapuleti okugcina, futhi ukumisa kwe-eccentric kanye nomehluko phakathi kwawo ngu-180°. I-turbine emile imile, kuyilapho i-dynamic turbine iqhutshwa yi-eccentric rotating translational crank shaft ngaphansi kwesibopho somshini okhethekile ovimbela ukuzungeza. Akukho ukuzungeza, kuphela ukuguquguquka. Ama-scroll compressor anezinzuzo eziningi. Isibonelo, i-compressor incane ngosayizi futhi ilula ngesisindo, futhi i-eccentric shaft eshayela i-turbine ehambayo ingajikeleza ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi ayikho i-valve yokumunca kanye ne-exhaust valve, ama-scroll compressor asebenza ngokuthembekile, futhi kulula ukufeza ukunyakaza kwesivinini esiguquguqukayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuguquguquka okuguquguqukayo. Lapho amakamelo okucindezela amaningi esebenza ngesikhathi esisodwa, umehluko wengcindezi yegesi phakathi kwamakamelo okucindezela aseduze mncane, ukuvuza kwegesi kuncane, futhi ukusebenza kahle kwevolumu kuphezulu. I-Scroll compressor isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni wesiqandisi esincane ngezinzuzo zayo zesakhiwo esihlangene, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokonga amandla, ukudlidliza okuphansi nomsindo, nokuthembeka, ngakho-ke isibe ngenye yezindlela eziyinhloko zokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-compressor.
I-compressor yemoto ayipholi ukuthi ilungiswa kanjani
Inkinga ye-compressor yemoto engapholi ingalungiswa ngezinyathelo ezilandelayo:
Hlola isistimu yesiqandisi: Okokuqala hlola isistimu yesiqandisi ukuvuza noma ukuvaleka. Ukuvinjwa kungaxazululwa ngokungeza isiqandisi ukuze kutholwe ukuvuza nokuhlanza noma ukufaka esikhundleni sesici sokuhlunga.
Hlola i-compressor: Uma uhlelo lwesiqandisi luvamile kodwa umphumela wesiqandisi usalokhu umpofu, kuyadingeka ukuhlola umsebenzi we-compressor. Uma i-compressor itholakala inephutha, idinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.
Hlola ifeni: Uma isistimu yesiqandisi ne-compressor isebenza kahle, kodwa umphumela wesiqandisi ungemuhle, udinga ukuhlola ukuthi ifeni isebenza kahle yini. Uma ifeni inephutha, yilungise noma uyishintshe.
Ukugcinwa okuvamile: Ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi ojwayelekile we-air conditioning yemoto, kunconywa ukuhlanza njalo nokugcina uhlelo lwe-air conditioning yemoto, kuhlanganise nokuhlanza i-evaporator, ukufaka esikhundleni sokuhlunga, njll.
Hlola ibhande le-compressor: Uma ibhande lixega kakhulu, kufanele lilungiswe. Hlola ukuthi ipayipi elihlangene lesistimu ye-air conditioning linawo yini amabala kawoyela. Uma ukuvuza kutholakala, yiya emnyangweni wezokulungisa ukuze ukuxazulule kusenesikhathi.
Hlanza i-condenser: Ukuhlanzwa njalo kwendawo ye-condenser kungathuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wokupholisa wesistimu yesiqandisi se-air conditioning.
Hlola izinga lesiqandisi: Thola izinga lesiqandisi ngokuzwa umehluko wezinga lokushisa phakathi kwepayipi elingenayo kanye nepayipi eliphumayo lesomiso noma ngokusebenzisa igeji yokucindezela okuhlukahlukene.
Hlola imojula yokulawula isimo somoya: Uma imojula yokulawula isimo somoya inephutha, isipholile singase singapholi. Hlola isimo sayo sokusebenza ukuze uthole ukuthi idinga ukulungiswa noma ukushintshwa.
Uma i-compressor ilimele kakhulu, kungase kudingeke ukuthi ushintshe i-compressor ngokuqondile. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa, uma i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ye-compressor yonakalisiwe, i-clutch ye-electromagnetic ingashintshwa ngokuhlukana, noma i-compressor entsha ingashintshwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcinwa okuvamile nokuhlolwa futhi kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokuvimbela nokuxazulula inkinga ye-air conditioning yemoto ayipholi.
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