Ideski lezinsimbi zomculo.
Iphaneli yezinsimbi, eyaziwa nangokuthi iphaneli yezinsimbi, isetshenziswa kabanzi ekhabhini lazo zonke izimoto nemishini yokwakha, equkethe kakhulu izinsimbi, amasondo okuqondisa, indawo yokuhlala kwephaneli yezinsimbi, uhlaka lwephaneli yezinsimbi kanye ne-wiring harness yephaneli yezinsimbi.
Iphaneli yezinsimbi iwumhlobiso wangaphakathi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ebhasini. Kusukela ekwakhiweni kuya ekulayisheni, kuyadingeka ukudlula ekwakhiweni nasenqubweni yokudala imodeli, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, ukwenza imodeli, ukufaka amasampula njalo njalo. Isibonelo, maqondana nokuklama imodeli kuphela, izingxenye zangaphakathi zesembozo esiphezulu zingalinganiswa ngqo ngaphandle kokuklama imodeli, kodwa iphaneli yezinsimbi ayinjalo: akukho mdwebo womphumela wokuklama ongenziwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ithebula lezinsimbi liphinde lihlanganise izici eziningi ze-ergonomics, ubunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo, izindlela zokucubungula kanye nemizila yenqubo. Ngakho-ke, iphaneli yezinsimbi nayo idla isikhathi esiningi ngaphakathi emotweni yabagibeli.
Ideshibhodi yebhasi iyikhonsoli yokulawula yomshayeli webhasi ukulawula ibhasi eligijimayo nokwenza eminye imisebenzi. Ideshibhodi yendawo yokushayela kufanele isebenzise iphaneli noma isivikelo esingabonisi, futhi idivayisi yokukhanyisa yangaphakathi kanye nokukhanya kwayo okubonakalayo engilazini yesikrini sangaphambili, isibuko sangemuva, njll., akufanele kumkhazimulise umshayeli.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwedeshibhodi
Iphaneli yezinsimbi ingaqapha futhi ilawule isimo sokusebenza kweloli yokulahla imfucuza yezimayini ngesikhathi sangempela, okuwukubonakaliswa okuqondile kokuxhumana komuntu nomshini. Amaphaneli ezinsimbi ahlukahlukene, izinkomba zingabonisa ukusebenza kwemoto, futhi ngezinkinobho, izinkinobho, izibambo kanye namanye amadivayisi okulawula ukuze kufezwe ukulawula komshayeli emotweni, ideshibhodi "iyisistimu yezinzwa ephakathi" ekusebenzeni kwemoto.
Ngokwesikhundla sokufakwa, iphaneli yezinsimbi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: iphaneli yezinsimbi eyinhloko, iphaneli yokulawula ephakathi kanye nephaneli yezinsimbi ephakeme. Iphaneli yezinsimbi eyinhloko inezibani eziningi, izinkomba kanye nezinkinobho zokulawula ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukuze kube lula ukuqapha isimo semoto yemayini ngesikhathi sangempela komshayeli, idivayisi yokubonisa ukusebenza kwemoto ihlelwe etafuleni lezinsimbi eyinhloko kanye netafula lezinsimbi eliphakeme, futhi idatha umshayeli okudingeka ayiqaphele ngaso sonke isikhathi (njengesivinini, inkomba yamabhuleki, ukubonisa iphutha, njll.) kumele ibekwe etafuleni lezinsimbi eyinhloko ngokuvumelana ne-axis ephakathi yesihlalo somshayeli eyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindawo zokupholisa umoya ezi-2 ~ 3 etafuleni lezinsimbi eyinhloko.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bamaloli okulahla inkunkuma yezimayini, imisebenzi eyandisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, isikhala sephaneli yezinsimbi eyinhloko asikwazanga ukunikeza isikhala esanele sokufakwa kwala madivayisi amasha. Kodwa-ke, i-cab yeloli yokulahla inkunkuma yezimayini inezici zesikhundla esiphakeme kanye nokubona okuphansi, okwenza ipulatifomu yezinsimbi ephakeme isetshenziswe kakhulu elolini yokulahla inkunkuma yezimayini.
Ukuhlelwa kwethuluzi
Ukuhlelwa kwethuluzi kusekelwe esimisweni sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza komshayeli, ukuqaphela nokunaka, ibanga eliphakathi kwesibambo sokulawula nenkinobho, kanye nokuhlonza ithuluzi kanye nokukhanya kwesikhombisi kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ze-ergonomic, ithuluzi elivamile kanye nenkinobho kufanele kuhlelwe ensimini evundlile yokubukwa okungu-20° ~ 40°, kanye nethuluzi elibalulekile kanye nenkinobho kufanele kubekwe maphakathi nensimu yokubuka okungu-3°. Kuvunyelwe kuphela izinsimbi ezincane kanye nezinkinobho endaweni engu-40° ~ 60°, ngaphandle kwezinsimbi ezingasetshenziswa njalo nezingabalulekile, okungafanele zibekwe ngaphandle kwensimu yokubuka evundlile engu-80°. Inkinobho yokulawula kanye nesibambo kufanele kuhlelwe ngakwesokudla kwephaneli yethuluzi futhi ngaphakathi kwebanga lapho isandla sokudla somshayeli singafinyelela khona kalula, ithuluzi kufanele lihlelwe ngakwesokunxele, inkomba kufanele ihlelwe ngaphezu kwethuluzi, futhi ithuluzi elidinga ukubonwa ngesikhathi sangempela lingabekwa endaweni yokubuka phakathi komshayeli kanye nomngcele wesiteringi kanye nobubanzi besivili.
Ngemva kokuba indawo yokuhlala isinqunyiwe, lapho kuhlelwe izinsimbi ezengeziwe etafuleni lezinsimbi eliyinhloko phambi komqhubi, itafula lezinsimbi lingaklanywa libe nesimo esiqondile, i-arc noma i-trapezoid. Lapho uhlela ithuluzi, ibanga elibonakalayo lingcono kakhulu ebangeni elingu-560 ~ 750mm, futhi itafula lezinsimbi kufanele liqonde ngangokunokwenzeka ngomugqa wokubona womshayeli, futhi kuyadingeka futhi ukucabangela ukuthi ukuphakama kwephaneli yezinsimbi eliyinhloko ngeke kuthinte insimu yokubuka. Ibanga elinjalo lokubuka kanye nokuhleleka kungenza amehlo angakhathali kalula lapho esebenza isikhathi eside, eduze kakhulu noma kude kakhulu kuzothinta isivinini kanye nokunemba kweso lomuntu.
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