Ideski lezinsimbi.
Iphaneli yezinsimbi, eyaziwa nangokuthi iphaneli yezinsimbi, isetshenziswa kakhulu kukhebhu yazo zonke izimoto nemishini yokwakha, ehlanganiswe ikakhulukazi amathuluzi, amasondo esiteringi, izindlu zamaphaneli wezinsimbi, uhlaka lwamathambo ephaneli yezinsimbi kanye nehhanisi lezintambo zephaneli yezinsimbi.
Iphaneli yezinsimbi ingumhlobiso wangaphakathi oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ebhasini. Ukusuka ekwakhiweni kuya ekulayishweni, kuyadingeka ukuthi udlule ekwakhiweni nasenqubweni yokudala amamodeli, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, ukwenziwa kwamamodeli, ukufaka amasampula nokunye. Isibonelo, mayelana nemodeli yodwa, izingxenye zangaphakathi zekhava eliphezulu zingenziwa ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokuklama imodeli, kodwa iphaneli yensimbi ayikho: awukho umdwebo womphumela wokufanisa ongenakwenziwa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ithebula lezinsimbi liphinde libandakanye izici eziningi ze-ergonomics, ubunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo, izindlela zokucubungula kanye nemizila yokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, iphaneli yensimbi nayo idla isikhathi esiningi ngaphakathi kwemoto yabagibeli.
Ideshibhodi yebhasi iyikhonsoli yokulawula yomshayeli webhasi ukuze alawule ukugijima kwebhasi futhi abone eminye imisebenzi. Ideshibhodi yendawo yokushayela kufanele isebenzise iphaneli noma isihlangu esingabonisi ukukhanya, futhi idivayisi yokukhanyisa ngaphakathi kanye nokukhanya kwayo okukhanyayo engilazini ye-windscreen, isibuko esingemuva, njll., akufanele kumkhazimulise umshayeli.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwedeshibhodi
Iphaneli yezinsimbi ingaqapha futhi ilawule isimo sokusebenza seloli yokulahla izimayini ngesikhathi sangempela, okuwumfanekiso oqondile wokusebenzelana komshini womuntu. Amaphaneli ahlukahlukene wezinsimbi, izinkomba zingabonisa ukusebenza kwemoto, futhi ngokusebenzisa izinkinobho, ama-knob, izibambo nezinye izinto zokulawula ukufeza ukulawulwa komshayeli wemoto, ideshibhodi "isistimu yezinzwa ezimaphakathi" ekusebenzeni kwemoto.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokufaka, iphaneli yezinsimbi ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu: iphaneli yensimbi eyinhloko, iphaneli yokulawula emaphakathi nephaneli yensimbi ephakeme. Iphaneli yensimbi eyinhloko inezibani eziningi, izinkomba nezinkinobho zokulawula ezivame ukusetshenziswa. Ukuze kube lula ukuqapha komshayeli ngesikhathi sangempela isimo semoto yemayini, idivayisi ekhombisa ukusebenza kwemoto ihlelwa etafuleni lensimbi eyinhloko kanye nethebula lezinsimbi eziphakeme, kanye nedatha umshayeli okudingeka ayibhekisise nhlobo. izikhathi (ezifana nesivinini, inkomba yebhuleki, isibonisi samaphutha, njll.) kufanele zisethwe kuthebula lensimbi eyinhloko elihambisana ne-eksisi emaphakathi yesihlalo somshayeli esikhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezindawo zokupholisa umoya ezingu-2 ~ 3 etafuleni eliyinhloko lensimbi.
Ngokuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bamaloli okulahla izimayini, imisebenzi eyandisiwe kanye nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, isikhala sephaneli yezinsimbi eziyinhloko asikwazanga ukuhlinzeka ngendawo eyanele yokufakwa kwalezi zisetshenziswa ezintsha. Kodwa-ke, i-cab yeloli yokulahla izimayini inezici zesikhundla esiphezulu kanye nombono ophansi, okwenza isiteji sensimbi ephakeme sisetshenziswe kakhudlwana elolini lokulahla izimayini.
Ukuhlelwa kwensimbi
Ukuhlelwa kwensimbi kusekelwe esimisweni sokuqinisekisa ukusebenza komshayeli, ukubhekwa nokunaka, ibanga phakathi kwesibambo sokulawula nenkinobho, kanye nokuhlonza insimbi nokukhanya kwenkomba kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ze-ergonomic, okuvamile. insimbi nenkinobho kufanele kuhlelwe endaweni evundlile yokubuka engu-20° ~ 40°, futhi ithuluzi elibalulekile nenkinobho kufanele kubekwe phakathi nendawo yenkundla yokubuka engu-3°. Amathuluzi nezinkinobho ezincane kuphela ezivunyelwe ukuthi zisethwe endaweni engu-40° ~ 60°, ngaphandle kwamathuluzi angavamile ukusetshenziswa nangabalulekile, akumele abekwe ngaphandle kwenkambu yokubuka engu-80° evundlile. Inkinobho yokulawula nesibambo kufanele kuhlelwe ngakwesokudla sephaneli yensimbi futhi ngaphakathi kwebanga isandla sokudla somshayeli esingalifinyelela kalula, insimbi kufanele ihlelwe ngakwesokunxele, inkomba kufanele ihlelwe ngaphezu kwensimbi, futhi ithuluzi elidinga ukubukwa kwesikhathi sangempela lingabekwa endaweni yokubuka phakathi komshayeli nerimu lesiteringi kanye nobubanzi besondo.
Ngemva kokunqunywa kwesikhundla sesihlalo, lapho amathuluzi amaningi ehlelwa kuthebula lensimbi eyinhloko phambi komsebenzisi, ithebula lensimbi lingaklanywa libe yisimo esiqondile, i-arc noma i-trapezoid. Lapho uhlela ithuluzi, ibanga elibonakalayo lingcono kakhulu ku-560 ~ 750mm, futhi ithebula lezinsimbi kufanele libe mpo ngangokunokwenzeka ngomugqa wokubona womshayeli, futhi kuyadingeka ukucabangela ukuthi ukuphakama kwephaneli yensimbi eyinhloko. ngeke kuthinte inkambu yokubuka. Ibanga elinjalo elibonakalayo nokuhlelwa kungenza amehlo angabi lula ukukhathala lapho esebenza isikhathi eside, eduze kakhulu noma kude kakhulu kuzothinta isivinini nokunemba kweso lomuntu.
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