Umsebenzi wento yokuhlunga uwoyela wemoto
Isihlungi samafutha, esaziwa nangokuthi isihlungi samafutha. Sisetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola okufana nothuli, izinhlayiya zensimbi, amadiphozithi ekhabhoni kanye nezinhlayiya zomshoshaphansi kumafutha enjini, sivikela injini.
Izihlungi zikawoyela zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo zokugeleza okugcwele kanye nezinhlobo zokugeleza okuwela. Isihlungi sokugeleza okugcwele sixhunywe ngokulandelana phakathi kwephampu kawoyela kanye nendlela eyinhloko kawoyela, ngaleyo ndlela sikwazi ukuhlunga wonke uwoyela wokugcoba ongena endleleni eyinhloko kawoyela. Isihlanzi sokujika sixhunywe ngokuhambisana nendlela eyinhloko kawoyela futhi sihlunga ingxenye kuphela kawoyela wokugcoba othunyelwa yiphampu kawoyela.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini, izingcezu zensimbi, uthuli, amadiphozithi ekhabhoni afakwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ama-precipitates afana nejeli, amanzi nezinye izinto zihlala zixutshwa ku-oyela wokugcoba. Umsebenzi wesihlungi samafutha ukuhlunga lokhu kungcola kwemishini nezinsini, ukugcina uwoyela wokugcoba uhlanzekile futhi kwandise impilo yawo yokusebenza. Isihlungi samafutha kufanele sibe namandla okuhlunga aqinile, ukumelana nokugeleza okuphansi kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo. Ohlelweni lokugcoba olujwayelekile, kufakwa izihlungi eziningana ezinamakhono okuhlunga ahlukene - isihlungi, isihlungi esiqinile kanye nesihlungi esincane - ezixhunywe ngokulandelana ngokulingana noma ngochungechunge endaweni eyinhloko yamafutha. Esixhunywe ochungechungeni nendawo eyinhloko yamafutha sibizwa ngokuthi isihlungi esigcwele, lapho wonke uwoyela wokugcoba uhlungwa khona ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwenjini; esixhunywe ngokuhambisana nayo sibizwa ngokuthi isihlungi esiqhekekile. Phakathi kwazo, isihlungi esiqinile sixhunywe ngochungechunge endaweni eyinhloko yamafutha futhi sinohlobo lokugeleza okugcwele. Isihlungi esincane sixhunywe ngokuhambisana endaweni eyinhloko yamafutha futhi singohlobo oluqhekekile. Izinjini zezimoto zanamuhla ngokuvamile zinesihlungi kanye nesihlungi samafutha esigcwele. Isihlungi esiqinile sisusa ukungcola okunosayizi wezinhlayiya ongu-0.05mm noma ngaphezulu ku-oyili yenjini, kuyilapho isihlungi esincane sisetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcola okunosayizi wezinhlayiya ongu-0.001mm noma ngaphezulu.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko wento yokuhlunga uwoyela wemoto ukuhlunga ukungcola ku-oyela wenjini nokuvikela uhlelo lokuthambisa injini. Isimiso sayo sokusebenza sifezwa kakhulu ngokuhlunga iphepha lokuhlunga kanye nezindlela ze-bypass valve.
Umsebenzi wokuhlunga
Isici sesihlungi samafutha sibamba ukungcola okufana nezinhlayiya zensimbi, uthuli kanye ne-carbon deposits ku-oyili yenjini ngezingqimba eziningi zephepha lesihlungi (njengephepha lesihlungi elinezimbobo ezincane), okuzivimbela ukuthi zingangeni ngaphakathi kwenjini futhi kubangele ukuguguleka.
Indlela ye-valve yokudlula
Uma isici sesihlungi sivalekile ukungcola, okubangela ukucindezeleka okungajwayelekile kukawoyela, i-valve ye-bypass eyakhelwe ngaphakathi izovuleka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ivumele uwoyela wenjini ongahlungiwe ukuthi ugeleze ngqo emuva enjinini, ngaleyo ndlela kugwenywe ukwehluleka kokugcoba ngenxa yokucindezeleka okunganele kukawoyela. Kodwa-ke, kuleli qophelo, uwoyela wenjini ungase uthwale ukungcola okuhlungiwe, okubangela ukuguguleka kwesibili.
Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nokuklama
Isici sesihlungi esigeleza ngokugcwele: Sixhunywe ngochungechunge phakathi kwephampu kawoyela kanye nendlela eyinhloko kawoyela, sihlunga wonke uwoyela wenjini.
Isici sesihlungi esihlukanisayo: Sixhunywe ngokuhambisana nendlela eyinhloko kawoyela, sihlunga ingxenye kawoyela wenjini kuphela.
Ukungasebenzi kahle kwento yokuhlunga uwoyela wemoto kungabangela izinkinga ezifana nokwehla kwengcindezi kawoyela, umsindo wenjini ongavamile, kanye namandla abuthakathaka. Kuyadingeka ukuhlola nokusishintsha ngesikhathi esifanele.
Izehlakalo ezivamile zephutha
Ukwehla komfutho kawoyela: Isici sesihlungi esivalekile noma esonakele singabangela ukutholakala kwamafutha okunganele kusuka kuphampu kawoyela, okubangela i-alamu yokukhanya kawoyela.
Umsindo wenjini ongajwayelekile: Ukugcotshwa okungekuhle kungabangela ukuguguleka okungavamile kwezingxenye ezifana ne-crankshaft kanye namagobolondo e-connecting rod bearing, okudala imisindo yokungqubuzana kwensimbi.
Amandla abuthakathaka: Ukunikezwa kukaphethiloli okungekuhle kubangela ukuthi amandla enjini ehle, okubonakala njengokushayela okubuthakathaka noma ukushintshashintsha kwegiya okuxegayo.
Imbangela yokungasebenzi kahle
Ukuvaleka: Ukuqongelela kokungcola noma ukuguga kwephepha lokuhlunga kubangela ukuvaleka kokudlula kwamafutha.
Izinkinga zokufakwa: Ukuguga kwendandatho yokuvala, izintambo ezingalingani noma i-torque eqinile kakhulu kungabangela ukuvuza kwamafutha noma ukulimala kwegobolondo.
Ukukhetha okungalungile uwoyela wenjini: Ukungafani kwe-viscosity noma uwoyela wenjini ongaphansi kwenza kube nzima ukuvaleka kwento yokuhlunga.
Isixazululo
Ukuhlanza noma ukushintsha: Shintsha njalo into yokuhlunga (kunconywa njalo ngamakhilomitha angu-5,000 kuya kwangu-10,000) bese uhlanza ukungcola epanini likawoyela.
Hlola ukusebenza kokuvala: Buyisela indandatho yokuvala endala bese uqinisekisa ukuthi i-torque yokufaka ihlangabezana nezindinganiso.
Ukufanisa uwoyela wenjini: Khetha uhlobo olufanele lwawoyela wenjini ngokuya ngencwadi yemoto.
isinyathelo sokuvimbela
Gwema ukuqala nokuyeka ibanga elifushane njalo ukuze unciphise umthelela wokuqala okubandayo entweni yokuhlunga.
Sebenzisa izinto zokuhlunga zomkhiqizo zasekuqaleni noma eziqinisekisiwe ukuze ugweme imiphumela emibi yokuhluzwa kwemikhiqizo mbumbulu.
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