I-Intake manifold.
Kuma-injini okufaka uphethiloli e-carburetor noma e-throttle body, i-input manifold ibhekisela epayipini lokungenisa elivela ngemuva kwe-carburetor noma e-throttle body ngaphambi kwe-port yokungenisa ikhanda lesilinda. Umsebenzi wayo ukusabalalisa ingxube yomoya kanye nophethiloli echwebeni ngalinye lokungenisa lesilinda nge-carburetor noma e-throttle body.
Enjinini yokufaka uphethiloli we-port noma enjinini yedizili, i-incase manifold imane isabalalise umoya ohlanzekile kuma-cylinder intakes. I-incase manifold kumele isabalalise umoya, ingxube kaphethiloli noma umoya ohlanzekile ngokulinganayo ngangokunokwenzeka kwisilinda ngasinye, ukuze ubude bomsele wegesi ku-incase manifold bulingane ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kuncishiswe ukumelana nokugeleza kwegesi futhi kuthuthukiswe umthamo wokungenisa, udonga lwangaphakathi lwe-incase manifold kufanele lube bushelelezi.
Ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume nge-input manifold, ake sicabange ngendlela umoya ongena ngayo enjinini. Esethulweni senjini, sikhulume ngokusebenza kwe-piston esilinda, lapho injini isesimweni sokushaya umoya, i-piston iyehla ukuze ikhiqize i-vacuum esilinda (okungukuthi, ingcindezi iba ncane), ukuze kukhiqizwe umehluko wokucindezela nomoya wangaphandle, ukuze umoya ungene esilinda. Isibonelo, wonke umuntu bekufanele ngabe ujovwe futhi abone ukuthi umhlengikazi umunce kanjani umuthi ebhakedeni lenaliti! Uma ibhakede lenaliti kuyinjini, khona-ke lapho i-piston ebhakedeni lenaliti ikhishwa, uketshezi luzomuncwa ebhakedeni lenaliti, futhi yile ndlela injini edonsa ngayo umoya esilinda.
Ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kokuphela kokungenisa, izinto ezihlanganisiwe seziyinto ethandwayo yokungenisa izinto eziningi, elula futhi ebushelelezi ngaphakathi, enganciphisa ngempumelelo ukumelana nokudla futhi yandise ukusebenza kahle kokungenisa.
Isizathu saleli gama
I-input manifold itholakala phakathi kwe-throttle valve kanye ne-intake valve yenjini, isizathu sokuthi ibizwa ngokuthi "i-manifold" ukuthi ngemva kokuba umoya ungene kwi-throttle valve, ngemva kwesistimu ye-manifold buffer, isiteshi sokugeleza komoya "sihlukaniswe" lapha, okuhambisana nenani lama-cylinder enjini, njengenjini yama-cylinder amane ineziteshi ezine, kanti injini yama-cylinder amahlanu ineziteshi ezinhlanu, kanti umoya ufakwa ngokulandelana kuma-cylinder. Enjinini yokungenisa yemvelo, ngoba i-input manifold itholakala ngemuva kwe-throttle valve, lapho i-throttle yenjini ivuliwe, i-cylinder ayikwazi ukumunca umoya owanele, okuzoholela ku-vacuum ephezulu ye-manifold; Lapho i-throttle yenjini ivuliwe, i-vacuum ku-intake manifold izoba ncane. Ngakho-ke, injini yokunikeza uphethiloli womjovo izofaka i-pressure gauge ku-intake manifold ukuze inikeze i-ECU ukunquma umthwalo wenjini futhi inikeze inani elifanele lomjovo kaphethiloli.
Ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile
I-vacuum ephindaphindiwe ayisetshenziswa nje kuphela ukunikeza izimpawu zokucindezela ukunquma umthwalo wenjini, kunezindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa! Uma ibhuleki lidinga ukusebenzisa i-vacuum yenjini ukusiza, ngakho-ke lapho injini iqala, i-pedal yebhuleki izoba lula kakhulu, ngenxa yosizo lwe-vacuum. Kukhona nezinhlobo ezithile zezindlela zokulawula isivinini eziqhubekayo ezisebenzisa i-vacuum ephindaphindiwe. Uma la mashubhu e-vacuum evuza noma engashintshwanga kahle, izobangela ukuphazamiseka kokulawula injini futhi ithinte ukusebenza kwebhuleki, ngakho-ke abafundi belulekwa ukuthi bangenzi izinguquko ezingafanele kumashubhu e-vacuum ukuze balondoloze ukuphepha kokushayela.
Umklamo ohlakaniphile
Umklamo we-Intake manifold nawo unolwazi olukhulu, ukuze injini ngayinye ibe nesimo sokushiswa kwesilinda iyafana, ubude kanye nokugoba kwesilinda ngasinye kufanele kufane ngangokunokwenzeka. Njengoba injini isebenza ngemivimbo emine, isilinda ngasinye senjini sizopompa ngemodi yokushaya, futhi njengomthetho wesithupha, i-manifold ende ifanele ukusebenza kwe-RPM ephansi, kanti i-manifold emfushane ifanele ukusebenza kwe-RPM ephezulu. Ngakho-ke, amanye amamodeli azosebenzisa ama-manifples okungenisa anobude obuguquguqukayo, noma ama-manifples okungenisa anobude obuguquguqukayo obuqhubekayo, ukuze injini ikwazi ukudlala ukusebenza okungcono kuzo zonke izizinda zesivinini.
ukuphakama
Inzuzo eyinhloko ye-plastic intake manifold yizindleko zayo eziphansi kanye nesisindo esilula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba i-PA ikwazi ukudlulisa ukushisa ngaphansi kwe-aluminium, i-nozzle kaphethiloli kanye nokushisa komoya okungenayo kuphansi. Ayikwazi nje ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokuqala okushisayo, ithuthukise amandla kanye ne-torque yenjini, kodwa futhi igweme ukulahlekelwa ukushisa epayipini ngezinga elithile lapho kuqala ukubanda, isheshise ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa legesi, futhi udonga lwe-plastic intake manifold lubushelelezi, okunganciphisa ukumelana nokugeleza komoya, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwenjini.
Ngokuphathelene nezindleko, izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo ze-plastic intake manifold ziyafana neze-aluminium intake manifold, futhi i-plastic intake manifold yakhiwa kanye, ngesilinganiso sokudlula esiphezulu; Isivuno sokuphonsa esingenalutho se-aluminium intake manifold siphansi, izindleko zomshini ziphakeme kakhulu, ngakho-ke izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-plastic intake manifold ziphansi ngo-20%-35% kuneze-aluminium intake manifold.
Isidingo sezinto ezibonakalayo
1) Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu: i-plastic intake manifold ixhunywe ngqo ekhanda lesilinda senjini, futhi izinga lokushisa lekhanda lesilinda senjini lingafinyelela ku-130 ~ 150℃. Ngakho-ke, izinto ze-plastic intake manifold ziyadingeka ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okungu-180°C.
2) Amandla aphezulu: i-manifold yepulasitiki ifakiwe enjinini, ukuze imelane nomthwalo wokudlidliza kwenjini yezimoto, umthwalo we-throttle kanye ne-sensor inertial force, umthwalo we-pulsation we-intake pressure, njll., kodwa futhi nokuqinisekisa ukuthi injini ayiqhunyiswa yi-high pressure pulsation pressure lapho kwenzeka i-temperature engavamile.
3) Ukuqina kobukhulu: Izidingo zokubekezelela ubukhulu bokuxhumana phakathi kwe-input manifold nenjini ziqinile kakhulu, futhi ukufakwa kwezinzwa nama-actuator ku-manifold kufanele kube nembambo kakhulu.
4) Ukuqina kwamakhemikhali: i-plastic intake manifold ixhumana ngqo ne-petrol kanye ne-antifreeze coolant uma isebenza, i-petrol iyi-solvent enamandla, kanti i-glycol e-coolant izothinta nokusebenza kwepulasitiki, ngakho-ke, ukuqina kwamakhemikhali kwezinto ze-plastic intake manifold kuphezulu kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokuqinile.
5) Ukuqina kokuguga kokushisa; Injini yemoto isebenza ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elibi kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lokusebenza liyashintsha ku-30 ~ 130 ° C, futhi izinto zepulasitiki kumele zikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kwe-manifold.
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