Indima yepompo kawoyela.
Umsebenzi wephampu kawoyela ukuphakamisa uwoyela uye ekucindezelweni okuthile, nokuphoqa ingcindezi yomhlabathi endaweni ehambayo yezingxenye zenjini ukuze kwakheke ifilimu kawoyela, enikeza indawo yokusebenza ethembekile yezakhi zokucindezela.
Isakhiwo sepompo yamafutha singahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwegiya kanye nohlobo lwe-rotor. Ipompo yamafutha yohlobo lwegiya ihlukaniswe ngohlobo lwegiya langaphakathi kanye nohlobo lwegiya langaphandle, ngokuvamile elibizwa ngokuthi ipompo yamafutha yohlobo lwegiya lokugcina. Ipompo yamafutha yohlobo lwegiya inezici zokusebenza okuthembekile, isakhiwo esilula, ukukhiqizwa okulula kanye nomfutho ophezulu wepompo, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kabanzi.
Umgomo osebenzayo wepompo kawoyela ukusebenzisa ushintsho lwevolumu ukushintsha uwoyela ocindezelwe kancane ube uwoyela ocindezelwe kakhulu, ngakho-ke ubizwa nangokuthi ipompo kawoyela eguquguqukayo. Lapho injini isebenza, igiya lokushayela eliku-camshaft lishayela igiya lokudlulisa lepompo kawoyela, ukuze igiya lokushayela elixhunywe kushaft yegiya lokushayela lijikeleze, ngaleyo ndlela liqhube igiya eliqhutshwayo ukuze lijikeleze emuva, bese uwoyela uthunyelwa usuka emgodini wokungena kawoyela uhambisane ne-backlash kanye nodonga lwepompo ungene emgodini wokuphuma kawoyela. Lokhu kudala ukucindezela okuphansi ekamelweni lokungena, okudala ukumuncwa kokudonsa uwoyela epanini likawoyela ungene ekamelweni. Ngokuzungeza okuqhubekayo kwegiya lokushayela kanye negiya eliqhutshwayo, uwoyela ucindezelwa njalo uye endaweni oyifunayo.
Ukufuduka kwepompo kawoyela kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ukufuduka okungaguquki kanye nokufuduka okuguquguqukayo. Ingcindezi yokukhipha yepompo kawoyela yokufuduka okungaguquki iyanda ngokwanda kwesivinini senjini, kanti ipompo kawoyela yokufuduka eguquguqukayo ingalungisa ingcindezi kawoyela, inciphise amandla okukhipha, inciphise ukumelana futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngaphansi kwesimo sokuqinisekisa ingcindezi kawoyela.
Uma iphampu kawoyela ihluleka, njengokuthi umfutho kawoyela awenele ukubonisa i-alamu yomfutho kawoyela nokunye, kuzoholela ekugugeni okungavamile kwezingxenye ezihambayo zenjini ngenxa yokungagcwalisi ngokwanele, izakhi zomfutho azikwazi ukufinyelela endaweni evamile yokusebenza, futhi ukukhanya kokwehluleka kwenjini akuvamile, okungaholela ekulimaleni kwenjini kakhulu.
Isimiso sokusebenza sepompo kawoyela
Umgomo wokusebenza wepompo kawoyela ukuthi lapho injini isebenza, igiya lokushayela eliku-camshaft lijikeleza ngegiya lokushayela lepompo kawoyela, bese lishayela igiya lokushayela elibekwe kushaft yegiya lokushayela ukuze lijikeleze, ukuze lithumele uwoyela usuka emgodini wokungena kawoyela uhambisane nodonga lwepompo uye emgodini wokuphuma kawoyela. Le nqubo yokujikeleza idala ingcindezi ephansi ekamelweni lokungena, idale ukumuncwa okudonsa uwoyela epanini likawoyela uye ekamelweni. Ngenxa yokujikeleza okuqhubekayo kwamagiya amakhulu naqhutshwayo, uwoyela ungacindezelwa njalo engxenyeni edingekayo. Ngokwesakhiwo sepompo kawoyela ungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili zohlobo lwegiya kanye nohlobo lwe-rotor, lapho ipompo kawoyela yohlobo lwegiya ingahlukaniswa khona ngohlobo lwegiya langaphandle kanye nohlobo lwegiya langaphakathi.
Umgomo wokusebenza wephampu kawoyela yohlobo lwegiya langaphakathi ufana nongenhla, futhi kudlula ngegiya lokushayela ku-camshaft ukuze kujikeleziswe igiya lokushayela elibekwe kushaft yegiya lokushayela, kuqhutshwe igiya eliqhutshwayo ukuze lijikeleze ngakolunye uhlangothi, bese uwoyela uthunyelwa usuka emgodini wokungena kawoyela eceleni kwe-backlash kanye nodonga lwephampu uye emgodini wokuphuma kawoyela. Kukhiwa ukumuncwa okuphansi komfutho ekungeneni kwegumbi likawoyela, bese uwoyela osepani likawoyela umuncwa ungene ekamelweni likawoyela. Ngenxa yokuthi amagiya amakhulu naqhutshwayo ajikeleza njalo, uwoyela ucindezelwa njalo engxenyeni edingekayo.
Umgomo wokusebenza wepompo kawoyela wemoto uqhutshwa yimoto ukuze ishayele igiya noma i-rotor emzimbeni wepompo ukuze ijikeleze, ukuze uwoyela uthunyelwe usuka ekamelweni lokungena uwoyela eceleni kwe-backlash kanye nodonga lwepompo uye ekamelweni lokukhipha uwoyela. Inzuzo yepompo kawoyela wemoto ukuthi ingcindezi kanye nokugeleza kwawoyela kungalawulwa ngokulungisa ijubane lemoto, okufanelekela izikhathi lapho uhlelo lokugcoba ludinga ukulawulwa ngokunembile.
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