Izingxenye zeqembu le-crankshaft flywheel yenjini
Okokuqala, i-crankshaft
I-crankshaft ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zenjini, umsebenzi wayo ukumelana nomfutho wegesi ovela eqenjini lenduku yokuxhuma ye-piston iye ku-torque ye-crankshaft kanye nokukhipha kwangaphandle, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-crankshaft isetshenziselwa futhi ukushayela indlela ye-valve yenjini kanye namanye amadivayisi asizayo (njengamajeneretha, amafeni, amaphampu amanzi, amaphampu okuqondisa amandla, indlela ye-balance shaft, njll.)
Iqembu le-flywheel ye-Crankshaft: i-pulley engu-1; isondo lebhande lamazinyo le-crankshaft eli-2; i-sprocket ye-crankshaft engu-3; i-Crankshaft engu-4; i-crankshaft eyinhloko engu-5 (phezulu); i-Flywheel engu-6; i-7- Ijeneretha yesignali yenzwa yesivinini; iphedi yokuthungela engu-8, engu-11; i-crankshaft eyinhloko engu-9 (phansi); i-10- Isembozo se-Crankshaft eyinhloko.
Uma i-crankshaft isebenza, kumele imelane nezinguquko ezivamile ekucindezelweni kwegesi, amandla angenawo amandla kanye namandla e-centrifugal, kanye ne-torque yazo kanye nesikhathi sokugoba ngaphansi kokusebenza kwesivinini esikhulu, kulula ukuyigoba nokujika, ngakho-ke, i-crankshaft kufanele ibe namandla nokuqina okwanele, ukumelana nokuguguleka okuhle kanye nebhalansi enhle. I-crankshaft ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi ye-carbon alloy ephakathi nendawo, futhi ubuso bejenali buphathwa ngokucisha noma ukufaka i-nitriding ephezulu. I-crankshaft yenjini yeShanghai Santana yenziwe nge-die forging yensimbi ye-carbon ephakathi nendawo esezingeni eliphezulu. Izinjini ze-Audi JW kanye ne-Yuchai YC6105QC zenziwe ngensimbi ye-rare earth ductile engabizi kakhulu, enamandla aphezulu enokumelana nokuguguleka okuhle.
1. Isakhiwo se-crankshaft
I-crankshaft ngokuvamile yakhiwe yisiphetho sangaphambili, intamo yomgodi oyinhloko, i-crank, isisindo esiphikisanayo, ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma kanye nengxenye yangemuva. I-crank yakhiwe yisiphetho senduku yokuxhuma kanye namajenali ayo ayinhloko kwesobunxele nakwesokudla. Inani le-crank ye-crankshaft lincike enombolweni kanye nokuhlelwa kwamasilinda. I-crankshaft yenjini yesilinda eyodwa ine-crank eyodwa kuphela; Inani le-crankshaft yenjini esemgqeni lilingana nenani lamasilinda; Inani lama-crankshaft ku-crankshaft yenjini engu-V lilingana nengxenye yenani lamasilinda. I-shaft yangaphambili ye-crankshaft ifakwe i-pulley, igiya lesikhathi, njll., elisetshenziselwa ukushayela ipompo yamanzi kanye nendlela ye-valve. Intamo ye-spindle ye-crankshaft ifakwe esihlalweni esiyinhloko sokuthwala somzimba wesilinda futhi isetshenziselwa ukusekela i-crankshaft. Ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma isetshenziselwa ukufaka induku yokuxhuma, futhi i-crank ixhuma ijenali yomgodi oyinhloko nejenali yenduku yokuxhuma. Ukuze kulinganiswe amandla e-centrifugal lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, kunikezwa i-balance block ku-crankshaft. I-flange exhumanisayo inikezwa ekugcineni kwangemuva kwe-crankshaft ukuze kuxhunywe i-flywheel ku-crankshaft ngama-bolts. Ukuze kugcotshwe i-connecting rod journal, kubholwa indlela yokugcoba kusukela ku-main shaft journal kuya ku-connecting rod journal. I-crankshaft ehlanganisiwe ilula ngesakhiwo, ilula ngesisindo futhi ithembekile ekusebenzeni, futhi ngokuvamile isebenzisa ama-plain bearings, asetshenziswa kabanzi ezinjinini eziphakathi nezincane.
2. Isimiso sokuhlela i-crank
Ukuma kwe-crankshaft kanye nendawo ehlobene ye-crank ngayinye kuncike kakhulu enanini lamasilinda, ukuhlelwa kwamasilinda kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lwesilinda ngasinye. Lapho uhlela ukulandelana komsebenzi wenjini, imithetho elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe ngangokunokwenzeka:
Yenza amasilinda amabili asebenza ngokuqhubekayo aqhelelane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise umthwalo webheyari eyinhloko, futhi ugweme ukwenzeka kokuvulwa kwamavalvu amabili axhunyiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokungenisa, futhi isimo "sokubamba umoya" sithinta ukusebenza kahle kwenjini.
(1) I-Interval yokusebenza I-Engela yesilinda ngayinye kufanele ilingane ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kahle kwenjini. Ngaphakathi kwe-Angle ye-crankshaft lapho injini iqeda khona umjikelezo wokusebenza, isilinda ngasinye kufanele sisebenze kanye. Enjinini enezigigaba ezine enenombolo yesilinda i, i-Interval yokusebenza I-Engela ingu-720°/i. Okusho ukuthi, njalo nge-720°/i ye-crankshaft kufanele ibe nesilinda yokusebenza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi injini isebenza kahle.
(2) Uma kuyinjini yohlobo lwe-V, amakholomu angakwesokunxele nakwesokudla amasilinda kufanele asebenze ngokushintshana.
3. Ukuhlelwa kwe-crank yenjini yamasilinda amaningi okuvamile kanye nokuhleleka kokusebenza
Ukuhlelwa kwe-crankshaft kanye ne-crank yenjini ye-in-line four-stroke. Isikhathi sokusebenza I-engela yenjini ye-in-line four-cylinder four-stroke ingu-720°/4=180°, ama-crank amane ahlelwe endaweni efanayo, kanti ukulandelana kokusebenza kwenjini (noma ukulandelana kokushiswa) kungu-1-3-4-2 noma u-1-2-4-3. Idivayisi ye-working cycle thrust evame ukusetshenziswa ine-single-side semi-circular thrust pad enesendlalelo sensimbi ye-anti-friction, i-crankshaft main bearing ene-flanging kanye ne-round thrust ring inezinhlobo ezintathu. I-thrust pad iyishidi lensimbi le-semi-ring elinesendlalelo se-anti-friction alloy ngaphandle, elifakwe emseleni womzimba noma isembozo esiyinhloko se-bearing. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuzungeza kwe-thrust pad, i-thrust pad ine-bulge ebhajwe emseleni. Amanye ama-thrust pad asebenzisa izingcezu ezi-4 ukwakha imingcele emibili emihle eyindilinga, kanti amanye asebenzisa izingcezu ezi-2 zemingcele. Uhlangothi olunensimbi ye-anti-friction kufanele lubheke ngase-crankshaft.
I-Zhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. izibophezele ekuthengiseni izingxenye zezimoto ze-MG&MAUXS futhi wamukelekile ukuzithenga.
