Izingxenye zeqembu le-crankshaft flywheel yenjini
Okokuqala, crankshaft
I-Crankshaft ingenye yezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zenjini, umsebenzi wayo ukumelana nokucindezela kwegesi okuvela eqenjini elixhuma i-piston ku-torque ye-crankshaft kanye nokuphuma kwangaphandle, ngaphezu kwalokho, i-crankshaft isetshenziselwa ukushayela umshini we-valve wenjini. nezinye izisetshenziswa ezisizayo (njengamajeneretha, amafeni, amaphampu amanzi, amaphampu aqondisa amandla, indlela ye-balance shaft, njll.)
Iqembu le-Crankshaft flywheel: 1- pulley; 2- isondo lebhande lezinyo le-crankshaft; 3- crankshaft sprocket; 4- I-Crankshaft; 5- crankshaft main bear (phezulu); 6- I-Flywheel; 7- I-Speed sensor signal generator; 8, 11- i-thrust pad; 9- crankshaft main bear (phansi); 10- Ikhava ethwele i-Crankshaft.
Lapho i-crankshaft isebenza, kufanele imelane nezinguquko zezikhathi ezithile zokucindezela kwegesi, amandla aphindaphindayo kanye namandla e-centrifugal, kanye ne-torque yabo kanye nomzuzu wokugoba ngaphansi kokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu, ukugoba okulula nokusonteka, ngakho-ke, i-crankshaft kufanele ibe namandla anele. nokuqina, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle nokulinganisela okuhle. I-crankshaft ngokuvamile yenziwe ngensimbi ye-carbon alloy ephakathi, futhi indawo yejenali iphathwa ngokucisha imvamisa ephezulu noma i-nitriding. I-Shanghai Santana engine crankshaft yenziwe nge-carbon steel die forging yezinga eliphezulu. Izinjini ze-Audi JW kanye ne-Yuchai YC6105QC zenziwe nge-iron ductile iron esezingeni eliphansi, enamandla angavamile futhi eqinile ukumelana nokugqokwa.
1. Isakhiwo se-crankshaft
I-crankshaft ngokuvamile yakhiwe ngaphambili, intamo ye-shaft eyinhloko, i-crank, i-counterweight, ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma kanye nengemuva. I-crank yakhiwe ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma kanye namajenali ayo ayinhloko kwesokunxele nakwesokudla. Inombolo ye-crank ye-crankshaft incike kwinombolo kanye nokuhlelwa kwamasilinda. I-crankshaft yenjini ye-cylinder eyodwa ino-crank eyodwa kuphela; Inombolo ye-crank ye-crankshaft ye-in-line injini ilingana nenani lamasilinda; Inani lama-crank ku-crankshaft yenjini engu-V lilingana nesigamu senani lamasilinda. I-shaft yangaphambili ye-crankshaft ifakwe i-pulley, igiya lesikhathi, njll., esetshenziselwa ukushayela iphampu yamanzi kanye nomshini we-valve. Intamo yokuphotha ye-crankshaft ifakwe esihlalweni esikhulu sokuthwala somzimba we-cylinder futhi isetshenziselwa ukusekela i-crankshaft. Ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma isetshenziselwa ukufaka induku yokuxhuma, futhi i-crank ixhuma ijenali ye-shaft eyinhloko nejenali yenduku yokuxhuma. Ukuze ulinganise amandla e-centrifugal lapho i-crankshaft ijikeleza, i-balance block inikezwa ku-crankshaft. I-flange yokuxhuma ihlinzekwa ekugcineni kwe-crankshaft ukuze kuxhunywe i-flywheel ku-crankshaft ngamabholithi. Ukuze kugcotshwe ijenali yenduku yokuxhuma, kubhojwa indinyana yokugcoba isuka kujenali ye-shaft enkulu iye kujenali yenduku yokuxhuma. I-crankshaft ebalulekile ilula ngesakhiwo, ilula ngesisindo futhi inokwethenjelwa ekusebenzeni, futhi ngokuvamile ithatha ama-plain bearings, asetshenziswa kakhulu ezinjinini eziphakathi nezincane.
2. Isimiso sesakhiwo se-crank
Ukuma kwe-crankshaft kanye nokuma okuhlobene kwe-crank ngayinye kuncike kakhulu enanini lamasilinda, ukuhlelwa kwamasilinda kanye nokuhleleka kokusebenza kwe-cylinder ngayinye. Lapho uhlela ukulandelana komsebenzi wenjini, le mithetho elandelayo kufanele ilandelwe ngangokunokwenzeka:
Yenza amasilinda amabili omsebenzi oqhubekayo aqhelelene ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise umthwalo wokuthwala okuyinhloko, futhi ugweme ukuvela kwama-valve amabili axhunyiwe avuleka ngesikhathi esisodwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokuthatha, futhi isenzakalo "somoya wokubamba" sithinta ukwehla kwamandla emali. ukusebenza kahle kwenjini.
(1) I-engeli yesikhawu sokusebenza yesilinda ngasinye kufanele ilingane ukuze kube lula ukusebenza kahle kwenjini. Ngaphakathi kwe-engeli ye-crankshaft lapho injini iqedela khona umjikelezo wokusebenza, isilinda ngasinye kufanele sisebenze kanye. Enjinini enezinhlamvu ezine enenombolo yesilinda i, i-Angle yesikhawu somsebenzi ingu-720°/i. Okusho ukuthi, njalo ngo-720°/i we-crankshaft kufanele ibe nesilinda somsebenzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi injini isebenza kahle.
(2) Uma kuyinjini yohlobo lwe-V, amakholomu angakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla amasilinda kufanele ashintshane umsebenzi.
3. Ukuhlelwa okujwayelekile kwenjini enamasilinda amaningi kanye nokuhleleka kokusebenza
Ukuhlelwa kwe-crankshaft kanye ne-crank ye-in-line ye-four-stroke injini. I-engeli yesikhawu somsebenzi ye-in-line four-cylinder four-stroke engine ingu-720°/4=180°, ama-crank amane ahlelwe endizeni efanayo, kanye nokulandelana kokusebenza kwenjini (noma ukulandelana kokushisa) kungu-1-3- 4-2 noma 1-2-4-3. Ithuluzi lokuphonswa komjikelezo wokusebenza elivame ukusetshenziswa linephedi ye-semi-circular thrust enohlangothi olulodwa ene-anti-friction metal layer, i-crankshaft main bear with flanging kanye ne-thrust ring eyindilinga inezinhlobo ezintathu. I-thrust pad iyishidi lensimbi eliyi-semi-ring eline-anti-friction alloy layer ngaphandle, elifakwe emseleni womzimba noma ikhava yokuthwala eyinhloko. Ukuze uvimbele ukujikeleza kwe-thrust pad, i-thrust pad ineqhubu elibhajwe emseleni. Amanye ama-thrust pad asebenzisa izingcezu ezi-4 ukwenza imingcele eyindilinga eqondile, kanti amanye asebenzisa izingcezu ezi-2 zemikhawulo. Uhlangothi olune-anti-friction metal kufanele lubheke ngase-crankshaft.
UZhuo Meng Shanghai Auto Co., Ltd. uzibophezele ekuthengiseni izingxenye zezimoto ze-MG&MAUXS wamukelekile ukuzithenga.
