Iyini i-thermostat?
Izilawuli zokushisa zinamagama ahlukahlukene, njengezishintshi zokulawula izinga lokushisa, izivikelo zokushisa kanye nezilawuli zokushisa. Ngokomgomo wokusebenza, zingahlukaniswa zibe yi-thermostat yohlobo lwe-jump, i-thermostat yohlobo lwe-liquid, i-thermostat yohlobo lwe-pressure kanye ne-thermostat yohlobo lwe-electronic. Emishinini yokulawula yezimboni yesimanje, i-thermostat yedijithali uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngokwesakhiwo, isilawuli sokushisa singahlukaniswa sibe yisilawuli sokushisa esihlanganisiwe kanye nesilawuli sokushisa se-modular.
Ziyini izi-thermometer?
Umzimba wokulinganisa izinga lokushisa uyingxenye eguqula isignali yezinga lokushisa ibe isignali kagesi, futhi ivame ukufakwa engxenyeni yokuthola into elawulwayo ukuze iqaphe inani layo lokushisa. Emkhakheni wokulawula kwezimboni, ama-thermometer asetshenziswa kakhulu afaka ama-thermocouple, ama-thermal resistors, ama-thermistors kanye nezinzwa ezingezona ezokuthintana. Phakathi kwazo, ezintathu zokuqala ama-thermometer okuthintana.
1. I-Thermocouple
Isimiso sokulinganisa izinga lokushisa lama-thermocouple sisekelwe kumphumela we-Seebeck (umphumela we-thermoelectric). Lapho izinsimbi ezimbili zezinto ezahlukene (ngokuvamile ama-conductor noma ama-semiconductor, njenge-platinum-rhodium, i-nickel-chromium-nickel-silicon nezinye izinto ezihlanganisiwe) zakha i-loop evaliwe futhi zisebenzisa amazinga okushisa ahlukene emaphethelweni azo amabili okuxhuma, kukhiqizwa amandla e-electromotive phakathi kwezinsimbi ezimbili. I-loop enjalo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-thermocouple," kuyilapho izinsimbi ezimbili zibizwa ngokuthi "i-thermal electrode," kanti amandla e-electromotive avelayo abizwa ngokuthi "i-thermoelectric motivation force." Ama-thermocouple abonakala ngebanga lawo elibanzi lokulinganisa izinga lokushisa, impendulo esheshayo yokushisa, kanye nokumelana okunamandla kokudlidliza.
2. Ukumelana nokushisa
Ukumelana nokushisa kuyingxenye eguqula isignali yokushisa ibe isignali kagesi, futhi isimiso sayo sokusebenza sisekelwe kakhulu ezicini zokushintsha kokumelana nensimbi ngokushisa. Ngokukhethekile, ama-resistors okushisa asebenzisa lesi sici sensimbi ukukala izinga lokushisa.
Ekulawuleni kwezimboni, izinhlobo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zokumelana nokushisa zifaka i-platinum, ithusi kanye ne-nickel. Phakathi kwazo, ukumelana ne-platinum yikona okuvame kakhulu. Ukumelana nokushisa kunezici zokulingana okuhle kokushisa, ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokunemba okuphezulu emkhakheni wokushisa okuvamile. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yokusetshenziswa yokushisa okumaphakathi, okungenazo izithingithi kanye nezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kokumelana ne-platinum kuvame ukukhethwa.
3. I-Thermistor
I-thermistor iyisakhi esiguqula isignali yokushisa ibe isignali kagesi, futhi isimiso sayo sokusebenza sisekelwe kakhulu ezicini zokumelana kwe-semiconductor okushintsha ngokushisa. Ngokukhethekile, ama-thermistor asebenzisa lesi sici sama-semiconductor ukukala izinga lokushisa. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokumelana nokushisa, ukumelana kwe-thermistor kushintsha kakhulu ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa, ngakho-ke ububanzi bayo bokulinganisa izinga lokushisa buncane kakhulu (-50~350℃).
Ama-thermistors ahlukaniswe ngama-thermistors e-NTC kanye nama-thermistors e-PTC. Ama-thermistors e-NTC ane-coefficient yokushisa engemihle, futhi inani lawo lokumelana liyancipha njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka. I-PTC thermistor ine-coefficient yokushisa ehle, futhi inani layo lokumelana lizokhula ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa. Ngenxa yezici zayo ezihlukile zokumelana nezimo zokushisa, i-thermistor inezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi ekutholeni izinga lokushisa, ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, amadivayisi kagesi kanye neminye imikhakha.
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