I-Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
I-ABS iwubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obususelwa kumshini wamabhuleki ojwayelekile, futhi iwuhlobo lohlelo lokulawula ukuphepha kwezimoto olunobuhle be-anti-skid ne-anti-lock. I-anti-lock brake iwuhlobo oluthuthukisiwe noma oluthuthukisiwe lwamabhuleki ajwayelekile.
Ama-anti-lock braking systems aklanyelwe ukuvimbela ukukhiya kwamabhuleki kanye nokushelela kwesondo lapho ukubhuleka kunzima noma ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezishelelayo, okwengeza uhla olubalulekile lokuphepha ekushayeleni kwansuku zonke ngokuvimbela imoto ekushibilikeni ngendlela eyingozi futhi ivumele umshayeli ukuthi alawule isiteringi uma ezama ukuma. I-ABS ayigcini nje ngokuba nomsebenzi wokubhuleka wesistimu ye-braking evamile, kodwa futhi ingavimbela ukuvala isondo, ukuze imoto isakwazi ukujika ngaphansi kwesimo sokubhuleka, iqinisekise ukuzinza kwesiqondiso sokubhuleka semoto, futhi ivimbele umbukiso oseceleni nokuphambuka, iyisisetshenziswa esithuthuke kakhulu sokubhuleka emotweni esinomphumela omuhle kakhulu wokubhuleka.
I-anti-lock braking system iwukuvikela ukuthi isondo lingavaleki ohlelweni lokubhuleka, okungabangela: amandla okubhuleka emgwaqeni ayancipha futhi ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki kuyehla; Yehlisa isikhathi sokusebenza kwesondo, uma imoto ibhuleka isikhiya sesondo langaphambili, imoto izolahlekelwa ikhono lokuqondisa, amandla aseceleni ayancipha uma isikhiya sesondo sangemuva sincipha, ukusimama kwe-directional ye-brake kunciphisa, okuzokwenza imoto ijike kakhulu futhi ilahle umsila noma i-sideslip. Umthelela we-anti-lock braking system ekusebenzeni kwemoto ubonakala ikakhulukazi ekwehliseni ibanga lokubhuleka, ukugcina ikhono lokuqondisa, ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwendlela yokushayela kanye nokunciphisa ukuguga kwamasondo. Uma kunesimo esiphuthumayo, umshayeli udinga kuphela ukuyicindezela kakhulu ibhuleki angayidedeli, kanti ezinye izinto ziphathwa yi-ABS, ukuze umshayeli akwazi ukugxila ekubhekaneni nezimo eziphuthumayo futhi aqinisekise ukuphepha kwemoto.
Isifinyezo se-anti-lock braking system sithi ABS, futhi igama eliphelele lesiNgisi lithi i-anti-lock Brakingsystem, noma i-Anti-skidBrakingSystem. Okokuqala nje, elithi "bamba" libhekisela ku-brake pad (noma isicathulo) kanye ne-brake disc (isigubhu sebhuleki) ngaphandle kokungqubuzana okuhambisanayo, ukushisa kwe-friction friction lapho ibhuleka, amandla e-kinetic emoto ekushiseni, futhi ekugcineni ivumele imoto ime noma yehlise ijubane; Okwesibili, isondo lokukhiya empeleni libhekisela emotweni ekubhulekini kwezimo eziphuthumayo, isondo limile ngokuphelele futhi alijikelezi, libhekisela emotweni enkambisweni ye-braking kanye, isondo alisakwazi ukujikeleza, lapho imoto ibhuleka, imoto izonikeza isondo amandla okwenza ukuthi lime, ukuze isondo lingaqhubeki nokujikeleza, kodwa isondo lizoqhubeka nokujikeleza, ngemva kokujikeleza okuthile, isondo lizoqhubeka nokujikeleza. shelelelela phambili ibanga elithile ngaphambi kokuthi ume ngokuphelele. Uma amasondo emoto angaphambili nangemuva engekho emgqeni ofanayo oqondile, ngenxa ye-inertia, amasondo angaphambili nangemuva azoshibilika abheke ngaphambili. Ngokokuhlolwa komkhawulo wesondo lokubhuleka, isondo alikwazi ukubambelela emaceleni lapho i-linear braking igcwele, futhi imoto kuzoba nzima ukuqedela noma yikuphi ukulawula okusemaceleni. Ngale ndlela, amasondo angaphambili nangemuva azogijima ngezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene futhi imoto izoba nokuzamula okungalawuleki (i-spin), futhi imoto izophonsa umsila. Kulokhu, isiteringi semoto asinawo umphumela, imoto izolahlekelwa ngokuphelele, uma isimo sibi kakhulu, kungenzeka ukuthi imoto igingqike, ibangele izingozi zomgwaqo nezinye izingozi.
Uma amabhuleki evaliwe ngokuphelele, lokhu kuguqulwa kwamandla kungancika kuphela ekungqubuzaneni phakathi kwesondo nomhlabathi. I-Friction ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezimbili: i-rolling friction kanye ne-sliding friction, i-coefficient ye-friction incike ethonyeni lokuswakama okomile komgwaqo, lapho isondo lamabhuleki kanye nokungqubuzana komhlaba kuzokhula kancane kancane, okukhulu kuye endaweni ebucayi ngemva kokushintsha kusukela ekugingqeni kuya ekushibilikeni kokuslayida. Amandla okuslayida okuslayida azokwehla kancane kancane, ngakho i-ABS izosebenzisa umgomo waleli jika lokushwibilika ukulungisa amandla okushayisana kwesondo kulesi siqongo, ukuze kwehliswe ibanga lokubhuleka. Ukungqubuzana okukhulu kwenza izinga lokushisa lerabha lesondo libe phezulu, uketshezi lwasendaweni lwendawo yokuxhumana, kufinyeze ibanga lokubhuleka, kodwa i-sideslip izosheshisa ukuguga.
I-Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) ingenye yezinto eziqukethwe ocwaningweni lokulawulwa kwe-motor longitudinal dynamics. I-anti-lock braking, njengoba negama lisho, ukuvimbela imoto ukuthi ingabhuleki kanye, isebenzisa i-intermittent braking. Kubhekiselwa ekulungiseni okuzenzakalelayo kwe-torque yokubhuleka (i-wheel braking force) esebenza esondweni ngesikhathi sokubhuleka ukuze kuvinjwe isondo ukuthi lingakhiyiki lapho i-torque yokubhuleka inkulu; Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isistimu yesimanje ye-ABS inganquma izinga lokushelela kwesondo ngesikhathi sangempela, futhi igcine izinga lokushelela kwesondo kubhuleki eduze nenani elifanele. Ngakho-ke, lapho uhlelo lwe-ABS lusebenza, umshayeli ngeke alahlekelwe ukulawula isiteringi semoto ngenxa yokukhiya isondo langaphambili, futhi ibanga lokubhuleka lemoto lizoba lincane kunelokhiya isondo, ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza kahle kwamabhuleki nokunciphisa amandla okubamba lapho kwenzeka ingozi.
